TSI injini - ubwino ndi kuipa

Nthawi zambiri mumawona magalimoto okhala ndi baji ya TSI panjira ndikudabwa kuti izi zikutanthauza chiyani? Kenako nkhaniyi ndi ya inu, tiwona zofunikira pamapangidwewo Injini ya TSI, ntchito mfundo za injini kuyaka mkati, Ubwino ndi zovuta.

Kufotokozera kwa zidule izi:

Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, TSI poyambirira imayimira Twincharged Stratified Injection. Zolemba zotsatirazi zimawoneka mosiyana pang'ono ndi Turbo Stratified Injection, i.e. kulumikizana ndi kuchuluka kwa ma compressor kudachotsedwa dzinalo.

tsi injini

Kodi injini ya TSI ndi chiyani

TSI ndi chitukuko chamakono chomwe chinawonekera ndi kukhwimitsa kwa miyezo ya chilengedwe cha magalimoto. Mbali ya injini yotereyi ndi yotsika mafuta, malita ang'onoang'ono a injini yoyaka mkati ndikuchita bwino. Kuphatikiza uku kumatheka chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa turbocharging iwiri komanso jekeseni mwachindunji mu masilinda a injini.

Twin turbocharging imaperekedwa ndi kuphatikizika kwa kompresa wamakina ndi turbine yapamwamba. Ma motors otere amayikidwa mumitundu ina ya Skoda, Seat, Audi, Volkswagen ndi mitundu ina.

Mbiri yamagalimoto a TSI

Kukula kwa injini ya jakisoni ya turbocharged molunjika kunayamba chakumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2000. Baibulo logwira ntchito mokwanira linalowa mndandanda mu 2005. Mzere wa injini uwu unalandira kusintha kwakukulu kokha mu 2013, zomwe zimasonyeza kupambana kwa chitukuko.

Ngati tikulankhula za injini yamakono ya TSI, ndiye kuti poyamba chidulechi chinagwiritsidwa ntchito kufotokoza injini ya twin-turbocharged ndi jekeseni wolunjika (Injection ya Twincharged Stratified). M'kupita kwa nthawi, dzinali linaperekedwa kwa mayunitsi amagetsi ndi chipangizo china. Chifukwa chake lero, TSI imatanthauzanso gawo la turbocharged (turbine imodzi) yokhala ndi jakisoni wamafuta osanjikiza ndi wosanjikiza (Injection ya Turbo Stratified).

Mawonekedwe a chipangizo ndi ntchito ya TSI

Monga tanenera kale, pali zosintha zingapo za TSI motors, choncho, tidzakambirana za mawonekedwe a chipangizocho ndi mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha injini imodzi yotchuka yoyaka mkati. Pa malita 1.4, unit akhoza kukhala mpaka 125 kW mphamvu (pafupifupi 170 ndiyamphamvu) ndi makokedwe mpaka 249 NM (lipo mu osiyanasiyana 1750-5000 rpm). Ndi zizindikiro zabwino kwambiri pa zana, malingana ndi katundu wa galimoto, injini imadya pafupifupi malita 7.2 a mafuta.

Injini yamtunduwu ndi m'badwo wotsatira wa injini za FSI (amagwiritsanso ntchito ukadaulo wa jekeseni mwachindunji). Mafuta amapopedwa ndi mpope wothamanga kwambiri (mafuta amaperekedwa pansi pa mphamvu ya 150 atmospheres) kudzera mu jekeseni, atomizer yomwe ili mwachindunji mu silinda iliyonse.

Kutengera mtundu womwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho, kusakaniza kwamafuta ndi mpweya kwamadigiri osiyanasiyana owonjezera kumakonzedwa. Njirayi imayang'aniridwa ndi gawo lowongolera zamagetsi. Injini ikangoyima mpaka pamtengo wapakati pa rpm. stratified jakisoni wa petulo amaperekedwa.

Mafuta amaponyedwa m'masilinda kumapeto kwa kuponderezedwa kwa sitiroko, zomwe zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa kuponderezana, ngakhale kuti powertrain imagwiritsa ntchito zowombera mpweya ziwiri. Popeza mapangidwe otere agalimoto amakhala ndi mpweya wambiri wochulukirapo, amakhala ngati insulator yotentha.

Pamene injini ikuyenda bwino, petulo imalowetsedwa m'masilinda pamene sitiroko yolowa ikuchitika. Zotsatira zake, kusakaniza kwa mpweya / mafuta kumayaka bwino chifukwa cha kusakanikirana kosakanikirana.

Pamene dalaivala akukankhira gasi pedal, valve throttle imatsegula mpaka pazipita, zomwe zimatsogolera kusakaniza kowonda. Kuonetsetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa mpweya sikudutsa kuchuluka kwamafuta oyaka moto, mwanjira iyi, mpaka 25 peresenti ya mpweya wotulutsa mpweya umaperekedwa kuzinthu zambiri. Mafuta a petulo amabayidwanso panthawi yomwe amamwa.

Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa ma turbocharger awiri osiyanasiyana, ma injini a TSI amapereka mphamvu yabwino pama liwiro osiyanasiyana. Makokedwe okwera kwambiri pama liwiro otsika amaperekedwa ndi makina opangira ma supercharger (kuthamanga kulipo pakati pa 200 mpaka 2500 rpm). Pamene crankshaft imazungulira mpaka 2500 rpm, mpweya wotulutsa mpweya umayamba kusinthasintha turbine chopondera, zomwe zimawonjezera kupanikizika kwa mpweya muzowonjezera kufika ku 2.5 atmospheres. Kupanga uku kumapangitsa kuti zitheke kuthetsa ma turbocharges panthawi yothamanga.

Kutchuka kwa injini za TSI za 1.2, 1.4, 1.8

Mitengo ya TSI yatchuka chifukwa cha zabwino zingapo zosatsutsika. Choyamba, ndikuchepetsa pang'ono, kumwa kumachepa, pomwe magalimoto awa sanataye mphamvu, kuyambira pamenepo ma mota awa ali ndi kompresa wama makina ndi turbocharger (chopangira mphamvu). Pa injini ya TSI, ukadaulo wa jakisoni wachindunji udagwiritsidwa ntchito, womwe udapangitsa kuyaka kwabwino kwambiri ndikuwonjezera kupsinjika, ngakhale panthawi yomwe kusakaniza kunakhala "pansi" (kutsitsimutsa mpaka ~ 3 zikwi) compressor imagwira ntchito, ndipo pamwamba pake pali compressor. sichigwiranso ntchito bwino choncho turbine ikupitiriza kuthandizira torque. Ukadaulo wamapangidwe awa umapewa zomwe zimatchedwa turbo-lag effect.

Kachiwiri, galimotoyo yakhala yaying'ono, chifukwa chake kuchepa kwake kwatsika, ndipo pambuyo pake kulemera kwa galimoto kumatsikanso. Komanso, injinizi zimakhala ndi zotsika zochepa za mpweya wa CO2 mumlengalenga. Magalimoto ang'onoang'ono amakhala ndi zotayika zochepa, chifukwa chake kuchita bwino kwake.

Mwachidule, titha kunena kuti injini ya TSI ndiyomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsa mphamvu zambiri.

Kapangidwe kameneka kalongosoledwa, tsopano tiyeni tisunthire pazosintha zina.

Injini ya 1.2 TSI

Injini ya 1.2 litre TSI

Ngakhale voliyumuyo, injini ili ndi mphamvu zokwanira, poyerekeza, ngati tilingalira za Golf, 1.2 yokhala ndi turbocharger imadutsa ma 1.6 m'mlengalenga. M'nyengo yozizira, imawotha nthawi yayitali, inde, koma mukayamba kuyendetsa, imafunda mwachangu kwambiri mpaka kutentha. Ponena za kudalirika ndi zothandizira, pali zochitika zosiyanasiyana. Kwa ena, mota imayenda makilomita 61. ndi zonse mopanda chilema, koma wina ali ndi 000 km. mavavu ayamba kale kuwotcha, koma m'malo mwake ndi lamulo, chifukwa ma turbines amaikidwa mopanikizika kwambiri ndipo samakhudza kwambiri injini.

Injini 1.4 TSI (1.8)

Injini ya 1.4 litre TSI

Ambiri, injini izi zimasiyana pang'ono ubwino ndi kuipa kwa injini 1.2. Chokhacho chowonjezera ndi chakuti injini zonsezi zimagwiritsa ntchito unyolo wa nthawi, womwe ukhoza kuwonjezera pang'ono mtengo wa ntchito ndi kukonza. Kuyipa kumodzi kwa ma mota okhala ndi unyolo wanthawi ndikuti sikoyenera kuyisiya mugiya ili pamtunda, chifukwa izi zitha kupangitsa kuti unyolo udumphe.

Injini ya 2.0 TSI

Pa injini ziwiri za lita, pali vuto ngati kutambasula kwa unyolo (monga ma TSIs onse, koma nthawi zambiri pakusintha uku). Unyolo nthawi zambiri umasinthidwa pa 60-100 zikwi za mileage, koma imafunika kuyang'aniridwa, kutambasula kovuta kumatha kuchitika kale.

Tikuwonetsani kanema wonena za injini za TSI

Kugwira ntchito kwa injini ya 1,4 TSI

Zochita ndi Zochita

Zoonadi, kamangidwe kameneka sikungopereka msonkho ku miyezo ya chilengedwe. Injini ya TSI ili ndi zabwino zambiri. Motere izi ndizosiyana:

1. Kuchita kwakukulu ngakhale kuti ndi mabuku ang'onoang'ono;
2. Kuthamanga kochititsa chidwi (kwa injini zamafuta) kale pa liwiro lotsika komanso lapakati;
3. Wabwino chuma;
4. Kuthekera kokakamiza ndi kukonza;
5. A mkulu chizindikiro cha ubwenzi chilengedwe.

Ngakhale zabwino zodziwikiratu izi, ma mota otere (makamaka ma EA111 ndi EA888 Gen2) ali ndi zovuta zingapo. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Kuchulukitsa kwamafuta (momwemonso, kumakulitsa gwero lake mwachangu chifukwa cha magwiridwe antchito a turbine pa kutentha kwambiri).
• Chifukwa cha torque yayikulu, unyolo wanthawi umayenda mwachangu, ndipo nthawi zina umangosweka.
• Mafuta ayenera kukhala abwino kwambiri (majekeseni amagwira ntchito muzitsulo zosanjikiza - gawo laling'ono la mafuta limagawidwa mu magawo awiri kapena atatu, zomwezo zikhoza kunenedwa za ubwino wa mafuta).
• Chifukwa cha ntchito ya supercharger yamakina, mota imatenthetsa pang'onopang'ono.

Zovuta zazikulu

Mutu weniweni wa injini za TSI ndi chingwe chotambasulidwa kapena chong'ambika. monga momwe zasonyezedwera kale, vuto ili ndi zotsatira za torque yapamwamba pa low crankshaft rpm. Mu injini zotere zoyaka mkati, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyang'ana kuthamanga kwa unyolo pamtunda uliwonse wa makilomita 50-70 zikwi.

Kuphatikiza pa unyolo womwewo, damper ndi tensioner chain amavutika ndi torque yayikulu komanso katundu wolemetsa. Ngakhale kupumula kwa dera kuletsedweratu pakapita nthawi, njira yosinthira ndiyokwera mtengo kwambiri. Koma pakagwa nthawi yopuma, injiniyo iyenera kukonzedwa ndikusinthidwa, zomwe zimaphatikizapo ndalama zambiri zakuthupi.

Chifukwa cha kutentha kwa turbine, mpweya wotentha ukulowa kale m'njira zambiri. Komanso, chifukwa cha ntchito ya utsi dongosolo recirculation gasi, particles mafuta osawotchedwa kapena mafuta nkhungu kulowa kambirimbiri. Izi zimatsogolera ku carbonization ya valve throttle, mphete zopangira mafuta ndi ma valve olowetsa.

Kuti injini ikhale yabwino nthawi zonse, mwiniwake wagalimoto ayenera kutsatira malamulo osintha mafuta ndikugula mafuta apamwamba kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta mu injini za turbocharged ndizochitika zachilengedwe zopangidwa ndi turbine yofiira, kapangidwe kapadera ka pistoni komanso torque yayikulu.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito bwino injini, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito petulo ndi mlingo wa octane osachepera 95 ngati mafuta (sensa yogogoda siigwira ntchito). Chinthu chinanso cha injini ya turbo ndi kutentha pang'onopang'ono, ngakhale izi ndizochitika zachilengedwe, osati kuwonongeka. Chifukwa chake ndi chakuti injini yoyaka mkati imakhala yotentha kwambiri panthawi yogwira ntchito, yomwe imafuna dongosolo lozizira lovuta. Ndipo zimalepheretsa injiniyo kufika kutentha kwa ntchito mofulumira.

Ena mwamavuto omwe adalembedwa adachotsedwa m'badwo wachitatu wa TSI EA211, EA888 GEN3 motors. Choyamba, izi zidakhudza njira yosinthira nthawi. Ngakhale gwero yapita (50 kuti 70 makilomita zikwi), m'malo unyolo wakhala pang'ono zosavuta ndi zotsika mtengo. Zowonjezereka, unyolo muzosintha zotere umasinthidwa ndi lamba.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito

Malingaliro ambiri okonza injini ya TSI ndi ofanana ndi ma classic powertrains:

• Gwiritsani ntchito mafuta odzola ndi zinthu zina;
• Kukonza pa nthawi;
• Yang'anirani momwe tcheni chosinthira nthawi (kapena lamba, monga momwe zimakhalira m'badwo wachitatu wa injini zama turbo) ndi mphamvu yake;
• Dzazani mafuta apamwamba kwambiri;
• Gwiritsani ntchito masewera okwera pang'ono;
• Osayesa kukwera mwachangu pazigawo zazifupi zamsewu, ndikuwonjezera torque mpaka pamlingo waukulu pamawu otsika.

Ngati kutentha kwautali kwa injini kumakwiyitsa, ndiye kuti mufulumizitse njirayi, mutha kugula chowotcha chisanayambe. Chipangizochi chimakhala chothandiza kwambiri kwa iwo omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito galimoto paulendo waufupi, ndipo nyengo yachisanu m'derali imakhala yayitali komanso yozizira.

Kodi ndigule galimoto ndi TSI kapena ayi?

Ngati woyendetsa akuyang'ana galimoto yoyendetsa galimoto yokhala ndi injini yapamwamba komanso yotsika kwambiri, ndiye kuti galimoto yokhala ndi injini ya TSI ndiyomwe mukufunikira. Galimoto yotereyi imakhala ndi mphamvu zabwino kwambiri, idzapereka malingaliro abwino kuchokera ku galimoto yothamanga kwambiri. Kuphatikiza pa zabwino zomwe tatchulazi, mphamvu yotereyi sigwiritsa ntchito mafuta pa liwiro la kuwala, monga momwe zimakhalira mu injini zambiri zamphamvu zokhala ndi mapangidwe apamwamba.

Kugula galimoto yokhala ndi TSI kapena kusagula zimatengera kufunitsitsa kwa eni galimotoyo kulipirira zinthu zabwino zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gasi pang'ono. Choyamba, ayenera kukhala wokonzeka kukonza zodula (zomwe sizingafike kumadera ambiri chifukwa cha kusowa kwa akatswiri oyenerera).

Kuti mupewe zovuta zazikulu, muyenera kutsatira malamulo atatu osavuta:

1. Kukonza nthawi yake;
2. Sinthani mafuta nthawi zonse, pogwiritsa ntchito njira yomwe wopanga amapangira;
3. Limbikitsani mafuta m'galimoto pamalo okwerera mafuta ovomerezeka, ndipo musagwiritse ntchito mafuta a octane otsika.

Pomaliza

Choncho, ngati ife kulankhula za m'badwo woyamba TSI Motors, iwo anali ndi zolakwika zambiri, ngakhale zizindikiro zodabwitsa za chuma ndi ntchito. M'badwo wachiwiri, zolakwika zina zinathetsedwa, ndipo ndi kutulutsidwa kwa mbadwo wachitatu wa magulu amphamvu, zinakhala zotsika mtengo kuzitumikira. Pamene mainjiniya amapanga machitidwe atsopano, pali mwayi woti vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ambiri komanso zovuta zazikulu zamagulu zidzathetsedwa.

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi chizindikiro cha TSI chimatanthauza chiyani? TSI - Turbo Statified jekeseni. Iyi ndi injini ya turbocharged yomwe mafuta amawapopera mwachindunji mu masilinda. Chigawochi ndikusinthidwa kwa FSI yokhudzana (palibe turbocharging mmenemo).

В pali kusiyana pakati pa TSI ndi TFSI? M'mbuyomu, zidule zimenezi zinagwiritsidwa ntchito kufotokoza injini ndi jekeseni mwachindunji, TFSI yekha anakakamizika kusinthidwa woyamba. Masiku ano, injini zokhala ndi mapasa a turbocharger zitha kuwonetsedwa.

Cholakwika ndi injini ya TSI ndi chiyani? Ulalo wofooka wa mota yotere ndikuyendetsa nthawi. Wopanga anathetsa vutoli mwa kuika lamba wa mano m'malo mwa unyolo, koma injini yotereyi imadyabe mafuta ambiri.

Ndi injini iti yomwe ili yabwino kuposa TSI kapena TFSI? Zimatengera zopempha za woyendetsa galimoto. Ngati akufunikira galimoto yopindulitsa, koma palibe frills, ndiye kuti TSI ndi yokwanira, ndipo ngati pakufunika chigawo chokakamiza, TFSI ikufunika.