Opel A13DTE injini
Injini iyi idapangidwa koyamba mu 2009. Idayikidwa m'magalimoto mpaka 2017. Pambuyo pake idasinthidwa ndikusintha kwambiri, zomwe zidathetsa mndandandawo ndikuchita bwino kwambiri.
Nthawi zambiri amatha kupezeka pa ngolo zamasiteshoni monga opel Astra J. Injiniyo inali ndi voliyumu yapakati, yomwe sinagunde mwamphamvu m'thumba ndikuyankha ntchito zomwe idapatsidwa. Ankagwiritsa ntchito mafuta a dizilo ndipo anali odzichepetsa pokonza. Ankakondanso mwiniwake wa sedans kuti azitha kukonza bwino komanso amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ngakhale kutentha kwambiri kwapansi paziro kumadera aku Russia.
Matchulidwe.
Kuti muganizire za gawoli mbali zonse, muyenera kuyesa mphamvu zake ndi zofooka zake. Chifukwa chake, magwiridwe antchito adzaperekedwa patebulo ili:
| Kusintha kwa injini | Mphindi 1,3 cm. |
|---|---|
| Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu | 95 mphamvu ya akavalo |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito pa 100 km | 4,3 lita |
| mtundu wa injini | pamzere, 4 silinda |
| Mafuta jekeseni | Wamba njanji, jekeseni mwachindunji |
| Environmental ubwenzi wa galimoto | Kutulutsa sikudutsa 113 g / kg |
| Single cylinder diameter | 69,6 мм |
| Chiwerengero chonse cha mavavu | 4 |
| Supercharger yoyika | turbine wamba |
| Kupweteka kwa pisitoni | 8,2 masentimita |
Monga mukuonera, zotheka ndi zabwino kwambiri kukhazikitsa kwathunthu. Mulimonsemo, iwo amawonjezeredwa mosavuta ndi zipangizo zamakono, zomwe zimalola kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito mokwanira. Kuwerengera komwe kwawonetsedwa ndikolondola, ndipo kumapangidwa ndi katundu wathunthu wagalimoto.
Pamsewu wapamsewu umadutsa pang'ono, paulendo wopanda pake kumwa kumakhala kochepa kwambiri. Imagwira mosavuta chizindikiro cha makilomita 300 zikwi ndipo imapereka ntchito yodalirika pagawo lililonse lamsewu.
Chotsalira chokha chidzakhala kusunga zonse ndi ndondomeko yapadera ya opaleshoni.
Ambiri, kamodzi okonza kampani "Opel" adapanga kusinthidwa analandira dzina A13DTE. Koposa zonse, amalangiza kutsanulira mafuta enieni a Shell 5W30 Helix Ultra ECT C3. Ndi yabwino kwa nyengo yofunda ndi chisanu choyamba. Mukayenera kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwa sub-zero, ndi bwino kufunsa chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a dera linalake. Ponena za zoziziritsa kukhosi ndi brake fluid, ndi bwino kukaonana ndi malo ogulitsa.
Kusintha zosankha.
Popeza makina opangira magetsi aikidwa pano, amatha kuwongolera. Koma osati kuwononga malo ogwirira ntchito omwe alipo. Apo ayi, ntchito ya thupi idzafunika. Kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yoyendetsa pano pa tchipisi kuli pachimake. Mutha m'malo mwake ndi zosankha zaukali, koma sizingathandize kwambiri popanda chigawo chaukadaulo.
Ndipo popeza iyi ndi ngolo yamasiteshoni, zonse zomwe zikubwera ziyenera kuganiziridwa. Koma, anthu ambiri amaiwala kuti pali malo apadera a turbine yachiwiri. Zotsatira zake ndizowopsa, koma ndizotheka.
Mutha kuyang'ana nthawi zonse kuti mutsegule ntchito zobisika pamakompyuta omwe ali pa bolodi. Pali chinthu chosangalatsa kapena chothandiza pamenepo. Komanso, eni ake akulangizidwa kuti asinthe nthawi yomweyo makina osefera omwe alipo. Zina zonse ndi mayankho achizolowezi, opangidwa padera. Mulimonsemo, pali malo okwanira pansi pa hood, koma osati kutalika.
Mbali ntchito.
Kugwirizana ndi chilengedwe kuli pafupi ndi Euro 5. Padziko lonse lapansi, amawerengedwa pamlingo wa 5 mpaka 4 olimba. Ndipotu, voliyumu ya 1,3 ya injini ya dizilo ndi yaying'ono kwambiri. Koma kumbali ina, mainjiniya adatha kuphatikiza umisiri wosatheka mwa kuwayambitsa mwachindunji pakupanga kwawo.
Kufewetsa kwa ntchitoyo ndi kunjenjemera koperekedwa kunachepa pamene mafuta operekedwawo anayamba kugawidwa m’magawo 8. Ndipo izi zimachitika mu cylinder iliyonse. Chifukwa chake chidwi chowonjezereka cha gawo lamagetsi ndi kompyuta yomwe ili pa bolodi. Apo ayi, mavuto aakulu adzayamba. Chifukwa chake kusatheka kugwira ntchito pa kutentha kwambiri kwapansi pa zero popanda zida zoyenera.
Mu injini mpaka 2 malita, turbocharger imayikidwa. Yotsirizirayi imabwera ndi turbocharger. Pachifukwa ichi, muyenera kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa mafuta nthawi zonse. Kupanda kutero, unyolo wanthawi udzatha ndipo zotsatira zake zidzabweretsedwa kwa dalaivala. Ndipo khalidwe la mafuta liyenera kukhala lapamwamba kwambiri. Zomwezo zimapitanso ku ozizira.
Kutsata kumafuna chisamaliro chowonjezera, chomwe chimakhalanso pamainjini onse amtundu wa Opel.
Chomaliza chachikulu chidzakhala moyo waung'ono wa clutch. Kuyendetsa mwaukali, kusunthira ku cutoff ndi chilichonse chonga chimenecho sichothandiza kuyenda bwino. Kodi tinganene chiyani za kufunikira kosalekeza kuti tipeze malo oimikapo magalimoto ochulukirapo kapena ochepa. Ndipo atayima, handbrake yokha imathandiza kuyimitsa galimoto nthawi zonse pamalo omwe atchulidwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito ma transmission ndikoletsedwa.
Ngati mutenga zonsezi ndikuyendetsa mwachizolowezi, ndiye kuti tandem yotereyi idzasiya makilomita 300-400 zikwi.
