Nissan TD27 injini

Masiku ano, Nissan ndi mtsogoleri pa malonda a injini apamwamba ndi odalirika poyerekeza ndi anzake a m'kalasi, kuphatikizapo omwe akuyenda pa mafuta a dizilo.

Kutchuka koteroko kumatsimikiziridwa osati ndi ndemanga za makasitomala, komanso ndi malangizo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi amisiri kupita kwa akatswiri oyenerera kwambiri pakuyika injini izi pa mbawala ndi ma SUV aku Russia m'malo mwa zoweta.

Kaya ndi koyenera kugula zidziwitso za ICE zagalimoto yanu komanso momwe zilili zodalirika zidzakambidwa m'nkhaniyi.

Zakale za mbiriyakale

Galimoto ya TD27 idatulutsidwa koyamba mu 1986. Chigawo chamagetsi chosinthidwa chinali injini yamasilinda anayi, yomwe panthawiyo inali ndi machitidwe olimba kuposa anzawo. Chitsanzochi chinali ndi turbocharger, yomwe inayiyika pamwamba pa ma dizilo opikisana nawo: chitsanzo chathu chachepetsa phokoso ndi kugwedezeka, ndipo ntchito ya chilengedwe yakhala dongosolo lapamwamba kwambiri. Aliyense mwini galimoto ya nthawi imeneyo ankadziwa - ngati mukufuna amphamvu, wodzichepetsa injini akhoza kukonzedwa ngakhale "pa bondo" - muyenera kusankha galimoto ndi TD27.

Galimoto yoyamba kulandira mtima watsopano wa dizilo inali minivan ya Nissan Caravan ya 4th. Komanso, magalimoto anali okonzeka ndi mafuta injini kuyaka mkati - Pankhaniyi, kusankha anasiyidwa kwa oyendetsa: overpaing pang'ono kwa injini dizilo kapena kusankha wochepa mphamvu mafuta unit ndi zilakolako zabwino, mtengo umene udzakhala 20-30. % yotsika mtengo.

Nkhani yathu yoyesedwa inali mpikisano wamphamvu kwa abale ake - ma minivan omwe anali ndi TD27 panthawiyo anali okwera mtengo komanso osasamala ku mtundu wamafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuposa injini zamafuta. Dziwani kuti mtundu watsopano wa dizilo unali wabwino kwa magalimoto omwe adapangidwa kuti azinyamula katundu wocheperako, nthawi zambiri m'misewu yokayikitsa.

Mtundu watsopano wa injiniyo unali ndi torque yayikulu pama rev otsika, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti zitheke kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu bwino kuposa anzawo opikisana nawo. Kuyambira 1992, ndi mbiri okhazikika, TD27 wakhala anayambitsa kupanga "Nissan Homy", ndipo kenako "Nissan Terrano" ndi angapo magalimoto ena. Gulu lapadera limapangidwa ndi magalimoto a 4wd Continental (magalimoto oyendetsa ma SUV), pomwe gawoli limayikidwa pawokha.

Zolemba zamakono

Chifukwa cha machenjerero afupipafupi a ogulitsa osakhulupirika, okonda magalimoto ambiri amayamba kudziwana ndi galimotoyo poyang'ana mbale yosonyeza mndandanda ndi nambala ya injini - izi ndizolondola, makamaka pogula injini ya mgwirizano. Sizingakhale zovuta kuzipeza pa injini yathu - monga momwe tawonetsera pa chithunzi, ili pa nyumba ya silinda kumanzere, pafupi ndi turbine ndi jenereta.

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone momwe dzina lachitsanzo la TD27 likuwonekera, momwe chizindikiro chilichonse chimawonetsera magawo amagetsi amagetsi:

• chilembo choyamba "T" amasonyeza mndandanda wa injini;
• chizindikiro chotsatira "D" chimasonyeza kuti iyi ndi injini ya dizilo;
• kugawa nambala yotsiriza ndi 10 timapeza voliyumu yogwira ntchito ya chipinda choyaka moto - pakuyesera kwathu ndi 2,7 cubic metres. cm.

machitidwe	magawo
Kusamutsidwa kwa injini, masentimita masentimita	2663
Zolemba malire mphamvu, hp	99 - 100
Zolemba malire makokedwe, N * m (kg * m) pa rpm.	Zamgululi. 216 (22) / 2200 Zamgululi. 230 (23) / 220 Zamgululi. 231 (24) / 2200
Mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito	Mafuta a dizilo
Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, l / 100 km	5.8 - 6.8
mtundu wa injini	4-yamphamvu, valavu yapamtunda
Cylinder awiri, mm	96
Chiwerengero cha mavavu pa silinda iliyonse	2
Pisitoni sitiroko, mm	92
Zolemba malire mphamvu, hp (kW) pa rpm	Zamgululi. 99 (73) / 4000 Zamgululi. 100 (74) / 4000
Makina osinthira voliyumu yamphamvu	palibe
Zowonjezera	Turbine
Chiyerekezo cha kuponderezana	21.9 - 22

Mfundo zambiri

TD27 injini ndi 8 vavu, anayi yamphamvu injini dizilo, ndi mphamvu pazipita 100 ndiyamphamvu. Voliyumu yonse yogwira ntchito ya masilindala onse ndi 2663 cm³. Zotsirizirazi zili mumzere umodzi, ndipo ma pistoni omwe ali mkati mwake amayendetsa crankshaft, yomwe ili m'munsi mwa unit, pazitsulo zisanu zothandizira. Kumbuyo kwake kuli flywheel yomwe imathandizira kutumiza torque ku clutch disc ya gearbox. Pazipita psinjika chiŵerengero ndi 22, pisitoni awiri ndi 96 mm, sitiroko ndi 92 mm. injini ali makokedwe mkulu wa 231 N * mamita pa liwiro ndi otsika - 2200 pa mphindi 1. Injini ndi dizilo, kotero palibe poyatsira dongosolo, kuyatsa kwa osakaniza kuyaka kumachitika chifukwa cha kupsyinjika komwe kumachitika mu chipinda choyaka moto. Mafuta a dizilo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mafuta, kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kumasiyana kuchokera ku 5,8 mpaka 6,8 malita pa 100 km.

Njira yamafuta

The peculiarity dongosolo dizilo mphamvu ndi kusakaniza mafuta ndi mpweya kumachitika mu kuyaka chipinda. Pachifukwa ichi, mpweya umalowa poyamba, ndipo pisitoni ikayandikira pamwamba pakufa, kutentha kwa chipinda kumakwera, mafuta amabayidwa. Izi zimatsimikizira mapangidwe abwino a osakaniza mpweya-mafuta ndi kuyaka kwake.

Dongosolo lamafuta limapangidwa ndi mapampu amafuta apamwamba komanso otsika, zosefera zowoneka bwino komanso zojambulira. Kuchokera mu thanki, pampu yochepetsetsa imatulutsa mafuta a dizilo ndikuidyetsa ku fyuluta yowonongeka, kenako imatsukidwa kuchokera ku zinyalala zazikulu. Kutsogolo kwa mpope wa jekeseni pali fyuluta yabwino. Pampu yothamanga kwambiri imapereka mafuta kudzera mu ma atomizer a ma jekeseni, omwe amawapopera pamagetsi a 1000-1200 atmospheres, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuyaka bwino komanso kuchita bwino kwambiri. Ngakhale kukhalapo kwa zosefera, ma atomizer pa nozzles akulimbikitsidwa kutsukidwa nthawi ndi nthawi.

Chigawo chachiwiri mu dongosolo la mphamvu ndi kupereka mpweya pansi pa zochita za turbine mu chipinda chapadera cha vortex, ndikulowa m'chipinda choyaka. Chinyengo cha lingaliro ndi chakuti mpweya ukugwedezeka nthawi imodzi, ndipo panthawi ya jekeseni wa mafuta, ndi bwino kusakaniza nawo.

Mafuta ndi njira yozizira

Machitidwe onsewa alibe kusiyana kwakukulu ndi oyambirira awo. Mafuta amaperekedwa ndi pampu yomwe ili mu sump ya injini. Kupsyinjika komwe kumapangidwa ndi kofunika kuti mafuta azipaka zinthu zonse za injini. Kuyeretsa kumaperekedwa ndi fyuluta yamafuta.

Njira yozizira ndi yamtundu wotsekedwa, kutuluka kwa madzi kumaperekedwa ndi thermostat ndi mpope. Malinga ndi pepala la data, antifreeze akulimbikitsidwa kuthira mu dongosolo.

Zithunzi za TD27

Chinthu choyamba chimene chimakusangalatsani ndi kukula kwakukulu kolimba komwe kumakhala mu injini zonse zoyatsira mkati mwa dizilo. Kulemera kwa unit ndi 250 kg. Malinga ndi miyezo yamasiku ano, pali phokoso lalikulu panthawi yogwira ntchito, koma panthawiyo injini yoyaka mkati inali yodekha kwambiri kuposa yoyamba. Kusiyana kwakukulu kwamapangidwe kumaphatikizapo izi:

1. Chotsitsa chozizira chozizira chimayendetsedwa ndi lamba - mosiyana ndi mitundu yamakono, yokhala ndi makina amagetsi.
2. Mwa mapangidwe, TD27 ndi zipinda za vortex - mpweya umasakanizidwa ndi mafuta m'zipinda zapadera zomwe zimakhala ndi chipwirikiti cha mpweya. Izi zimatsimikizira kusakaniza kwamafuta a mpweya wabwino.
3. Injini yoyatsira mkati ilibe unyolo kapena lamba wanthawi - magiya amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kuyendetsa.
4. Camshaft ndi yotsika kuposa injini wamba. Pampu yamafuta othamanga kwambiri imakhala ndi giya yoyendetsa, koma atakonzanso magalimoto angapo anali ndi pampu yamagetsi yamagetsi.
5. Kugwiritsa ntchito turbo mode kumapereka mphamvu ya injini yochulukirapo ndikugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochepa.
6. Dongosolo lotulutsa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya limatsimikizira kuyaka kwathunthu kwamafuta a dizilo, ndipo fyuluta ya tinthu imachepetsa mpweya wapoizoni m'chilengedwe.

Kudalirika kwagalimoto

Onse TD27 mndandanda ndi injini odalirika ndi losavuta, gwero amene ndi yaitali kuposa anzawo m'kalasi. Malinga ndi ndemanga za eni galimoto, pafupifupi mtunda pamaso kukonzanso ndi za 350-400 zikwi Km. Chowonjezera chosakayikitsa kudalirika ndi kukhalapo kwa galimoto yoyendetsa nthawi - yomwe imachotsa kuwonongeka kwa ma valve ndi mutu wa silinda pamene unyolo kapena lamba likusweka kwa anzanu a m'kalasi. Kuonjezera moyo wa injini, zimango galimoto mwamphamvu amalangiza kukonzedwa yake, kusintha mafuta makilomita 5-8, monga zalembedwa mu bukhuli. Ndi kukonza koteroko, kufunika kokonzanso kwakukulu sikudzabwera posachedwa.

Ma injini dizilo ndi odalirika ndithu, koma pali mavuto tingachipeze powerenga ntchito yawo. Mavuto omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi TD27:

1. Injini sichiyamba - nyengo yozizira imakhala ndi mavuto poyambira kuzizira, koma ngati injini yoyaka mkati siyingayambike nkomwe, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mapulagi owala, nthawi zambiri chifukwa chake chimakhala mwa iwo. Ngati kudina kumamveka panthawi yoyambira, yang'anani bendix, ikhoza kutha.
2. Chipangizocho chimagwedezeka pakugwira ntchito - injini za dizilo zimakhala ndi kugwedezeka kwambiri kuposa anzawo amafuta. Pankhaniyi, m'pofunika kufufuza injini mounts - iwo angafunike m'malo.
3. Kuzizira kwa injini kuzizira ndipo sikumapita patsogolo - ndibwino kupita ku siteshoni ndikuyang'ana dongosolo la mafuta muzochitika zaukadaulo: kulimba kwake, komanso ma nozzles, zosefera, mapampu a jekeseni ndi mapulagi oyaka. Sizingatheke kuchotseratu kutsika kwa kuponderezana ndi mtunda wautali chifukwa cha kuvala kwa gulu la silinda-pistoni, komanso ma valve ang'onoang'ono - angafunikire kusinthidwa.
4. Kutentha kwakukulu - zomwe zimayambitsa kwambiri ndi kuwonongeka kwa cylinder head gasket, kulephera kwa thermostat kapena mpope.
5. Muyeneranso kusamala kwambiri ndi vacuum - nthawi zambiri zimalephera, zomwe zimakhudza ntchito ya brake system.

Kusungika

Ngakhale mavuto onse pamwamba, TD27 injini amaonedwa yosavuta ndi odalirika kusamalira, ndipo ali ndi mwayi wochepa kwambiri kusinthidwa ndi ikukonzekera. Zosavuta komanso nthawi yomweyo mfundo yodalirika yopangira imatsimikizira kuthekera kowatumikira m'magalasi. Kukhalapo kwa manja mu chipika kumathandizira kwambiri njira yosinthira. Ma motors ndi osunthika - amakwanira bwino ndi ma transmissions amanja ndi odziwikiratu, nthawi zambiri amayikidwa pa UAZ kapena mbawala m'malo mwa injini zoyatsira mkati.

Kuyesa kwa Nissan Atlas TD27 ICE

Dziwani kuti kukula kwakukulu kwa injini ya dizilo sikukulolani kuti mupite mwamsanga ku zigawo zina ndi misonkhano, makamaka kumbuyo ndi kumunsi kapena m'madera omwe ali ndi turbine ndi zigawo zake. Ngati mukufuna kuchotsa injini yonse kuti musinthe kapena kusinthanso, simungathe kuchita popanda zida za msonkhano wapadera.

Ngakhale zili zolakwika zomwe zatchulidwazi, mfundo yoti zosintha zovuta zotere zimafunikira kawirikawiri ndizolimbikitsa, ndipo zida zosinthira ndizosavuta kuyitanitsa pashopu iliyonse yapadera yamagalimoto.

Zidzakhala zabwino kunena zabwino ndi zoyipa za mtundu wa TD27.

Mavuto omwe eni eni a injini zoyaka mkati mwa dizilo amakumana nawo:

• kukonza okwera mtengo - mtengo wa zida zosinthira ndi 15-30% kuposa injini yamafuta;
• moyo wamfupi kwambiri wautumiki wa pampu yothamanga kwambiri yamafuta ndi turbine, ndikutsatiridwa ndi kukonza kokwera mtengo;
• Si amisiri onse omwe amakonza injini za dizilo, chifukwa chake tikukulimbikitsani kuti munyamule buku lomwe limafotokoza za mapulani a injini yoyaka mkati.

Nthawi zabwino mu utumiki ndi:

• Moyo wautumiki wa injini ya dizilo ndi wokwera pang'ono kuposa wa injini yamafuta;
• palibe njira yoyatsira, kotero palibe chifukwa chochitira ndi kukonza.

Ndi mafuta amtundu wanji oti utsanulire

Msika wamakono wamafuta umapereka zosankha zambiri - kuchokera kuzinthu zotsika mtengo kupita kuzinthu zodziwika bwino. Ngakhale mtengo wotsika wamafuta ena, wopanga amalimbikitsa mwamphamvu kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yapadera yokhayo yomwe yafotokozedwa m'mawu ogwiritsira ntchito komanso oyenera mtundu wa injini yanu. Malinga ndi bukuli, mitundu yotsatirayi ndiyoyenera TD27:

• chilimwe: 10w30-15w40;
• yozizira: 0w20-5w

Muyenera kusankha mokomera ogulitsa odalirika - pakadali pano, chiwopsezo cholowera zabodza ndizochepa. Ngakhale kukhuthala kosiyanasiyana, mafutawa ndi oyenererana ndi kutentha kwa injini yoyaka mkati, malingana ndi nyengo ndipo samataya katundu wake - filimu yokwanira yamafuta imapangidwa kuti ipewe kuwonongeka kwa magawo. Akatswiri amalangiza kuti asinthe 5-8 km iliyonse.

Mndandanda wa magalimoto a Nissan omwe adayikidwa injini iyi

• Kalavani;

• Datsun;
• Kunyumba;
• Terrano;
• Atlas