Nissan QR20DE injini

Nissan nthawi zonse amakondweretsa ogula ndi zinthu zake - kuchokera ku zida zopangira zida kupita ku injini zopangiratu.

Otsatirawa akhala otchuka chifukwa cha ntchito zawo zabwino kwambiri poyerekeza ndi anzawo omwe amapikisana nawo, komanso moyo wautali wautumiki. Zina zinali zosiyanitsidwa ndi kusamalidwa bwino, zina zimafunikira chisamaliro chapadera.

M'nkhani yathu, tikambirana za injini QR20DE - kusanthula makhalidwe ake akuluakulu, kulankhula za ubwino ndi kuipa.

Zakale za mbiriyakale

Chitsanzo chathu chinali kutali ndi chokhacho m'banja lake chomwe chinapangidwa ndi Nissan. Ma injini a QR adayambitsidwa koyambirira kwa 2000s kuti alowe m'malo mwa mndandanda wa SR. Galimoto yatsopanoyo idasinthidwa ndi throttle yamagetsi, ma coil oyatsira pawokha, mutu wa silinda wokwezedwa, ma shaft oyenerera komanso kukhalapo kwa nthawi yosinthira ma valve pa shaft yolowera, ndi zina zambiri.

Abale athu akuluakulu a injini yathu anali zitsanzo zingapo zomwe zimasiyana ndi kuchuluka kwa chipinda choyaka - 2 ndi 2,5 malita, komanso makhalidwe ena aukadaulo. Chophimba cha silinda cha injini zonse zoyatsira mkati chinali chopangidwa ndi aloyi ya aluminiyamu, njira yogawa gasi inaperekedwa mu mawonekedwe a 2 camshafts. Ma injini onse anali 16-vavu - silinda iliyonse inali ndi 2 mavavu olowera ndi 2 mavavu otulutsa.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka chikwi chachiwiri, mwana wathu woyamba adatulutsidwa, yemwe anali ndi jekeseni wamagetsi ambiri. Mphamvu iyi idayikidwa pamagalimoto ambiri - kuchokera ku ma sedan otsika mpaka magalimoto olimba.

Chisankho ichi cha amisiri chinali chomveka bwino - luso la injiniyo linapangitsa kuti azitha kuyendetsa panjanji ngati galimoto yaying'ono, komanso kukoka ma SUV olemera ngakhale ndi makina opangira mpweya.

Mphamvu yochokera ku 130 mpaka 150 hp. kutengera mtundu wa injini kuyaka mkati ndi kusankha kwa galimoto inayake.

Kupita patsogolo kwa magalimoto sikunayime, mitundu yosinthidwa idafunikira mainjini apamwamba kwambiri, ndipo zitsanzo zathu zidapangitsa mitundu ina isanu ya ana:

• QR20DD;
• QR20DE;
• QR20DE+;
• QR25DD;

Kuchokera ku chitsanzo chimodzi kupita ku chimzake, injini zinkakhala bwino nthawi zonse, kusintha kwazing'ono kunapangidwa - kusiyana kunali mu mawonekedwe a jekeseni wamafuta, kusinthika kwa gulu la silinda-pistoni, kuchuluka kwa chipinda choyaka moto, chiŵerengero cha kuponderezana, etc. . Injini yathu idayikidwa pa Nissan Primera ndi magalimoto ena odziwika bwino, kuphatikiza omwe ali ndi ma transmission automatic, cvt variator.

Nissan Primera

Zolemba zamakono

Tisanayambe kugawa zoyambira za kapangidwe ka injini yathu, tiyeni tisankhe malo a mbale, zomwe zikuwonetsa mndandanda ndi nambala ya injini. Kupeza sikovuta - kuli pa nsanja yopingasa, yomwe ili pa thupi kumanzere, pafupi ndi mphambano ndi gearbox.

Tsopano tiyeni tiwunikenso zophiphiritsa za mtundu uwu - QR20DE:

• zilembo ziwiri zoyambirira zimasonyeza za banja la injini;
• chiwerengero chotsatira zilembo chimasonyeza kuchuluka kwa chipinda choyaka moto - kuti muwerengere, muyenera kugawaniza ndi 10. Kwa galimoto yathu, ndi 2 malita;
• kalata "D" amatanthauza kuti camshafts awiri ntchito pa injini kuyaka mkati, ndi mavavu 4 pa yamphamvu iliyonse;
• dzina lomaliza mu mawonekedwe a chilembo "E" limasonyeza jekeseni wamagetsi ambiri, kapena, mophweka, kukhalapo kwa majekeseni.

Titazindikira dzinalo, tisanthula zida zonse za injini - mawonekedwe akunja ndi mkati, mfundo yogwirira ntchito. Gome ili m'munsimu likuwonetsa mawonekedwe aukadaulo amtunduwu:

Kusamutsidwa kwa injini, masentimita masentimita	1998
Zolemba malire mphamvu, hp	130 - 150
Zolemba malire makokedwe, N * m (kg * m) pa rpm.	Zamgululi. 178 (18) / 4400 Zamgululi. 192 (20) / 4000 Zamgululi. 198 (20) / 4000 Zamgululi. 200 (20) / 4000
Mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito	AI-92 AI-95
Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, l / 100 km	7.8 - 11.1
mtundu wa injini	4-silinda, 16-vavu
Kutulutsa kwa CO2 mu g / km	205 - 213
Cylinder awiri, mm	89
Chiwerengero cha mavavu pa silinda iliyonse	4
Mphamvu zazikulu, hp (kW) pa rpm	Zamgululi. 130 (96) / 5600 Zamgululi. 136 (100) / 6000 Zamgululi. 140 (103) / 6000 Zamgululi. 147 (108) / 6000 Zamgululi. 150 (110) / 6000
Zamgululi. 150 (110) / 6000
Makina osinthira voliyumu yamphamvu	akusowa
Zowonjezera	No
Yambani-amasiya dongosolo	palibe
Chiyerekezo cha kuponderezana	9.8 - 10
Pisitoni sitiroko, mm	80.3

Kufotokozera kwa injini

QR20DE - jekeseni injini kuyaka mkati, ndi mphamvu 130 mpaka 150 ndiyamphamvu. Makokedwe pazipita ndi 200 Nm pa 4000 rpm. Mwa mapangidwe, iyi ndi in-line-cylinder injini - ili ndi masilinda anayi omwe ali pamzere umodzi. Mtundu wa kugawa gasi DOHC limasonyeza kuti mkati kuyaka injini okonzeka ndi camshafts awiri - mmodzi akutumikira mavavu kudya, wina - utsi.

Pali ma valve 4 pa silinda. Voliyumu ya chipinda choyaka moto ndi 1998 cm³. The yamphamvu awiri 89 mm, pisitoni sitiroko ndi 80 mm, psinjika chiŵerengero ndi 3-9,8. Onse mafuta 10 ndi 92 ndi abwino monga mafuta, kumwa kwa malita 95-7,8 pa 11,1 Km, malingana ndi mmene ntchito.

Nyumba ya injini imapangidwa ndi aloyi ya aluminiyamu, yomwe inapangitsa kuti ikhale yopepuka kwambiri popanda kutaya mphamvu. Mutu wa chivundikiro cha valve umasiyana ndi chitsanzo cham'mbuyo mu geometry yake, yomwe ikuwonetsedwa mu mawonekedwe a kulowetsedwa ndi kutulutsa mphamvu zambiri.

Njira yothetsera vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta! Nissan Primera, X-Trail. Engine QR20DE

Mkati mwa chipika cha silinda ndi kumtunda kwake pali njira zamafuta zomwe zimatsogolera ku zigawo zazikulu za injini, komanso jekete la makina ozizira. M'munsimu muli magazini asanu okhala ndi crankshaft, momwe zigwazo zili. Mabedi a camshaft amaponyedwa pamutu, komanso zisa za otsogolera ma valve okhala ndi zishalo zawo. Mukalumikiza mutu ku chipika cha cylinder, cylinder head gasket imayikidwa.

Makina oyesera

Pansi pa injiniyo pali crankshaft pamagazini asanu okhala. Ndodo zogwirizanitsa zimagwirizanitsa ndi pistoni, ndikuziyika. Kuloledwa m'mabuku akuluakulu ndi ogwirizanitsa ndodo kumayendetsedwa ndi mayendedwe omveka ndipo, malinga ndi bukuli, sayenera kupitirira 0,25 mm.

Njira yamafuta imadutsa mkati mwa shaft kuti idzoze malo opaka, komanso kupereka zikhomo za pistoni kudzera pakubowola kofanana ndi ndodo zolumikizira. Chilolezo pakati pa pistoni ndi silinda chimayendetsedwa ndi mphete za pistoni. Pamene ikuwonjezeka, kuponderezana kumatsika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumawonjezeka.

Kumapeto kwa crankshaft ndi flywheel, yomwe ndi yofunikira kuti mugwirizane ndi chimbale cha clutch. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti pamaso pa kufala kwadzidzidzi, ndizochepa kwambiri komanso zopepuka kuposa momwe zimakhalira ndi ma transmission manual. M'mphepete mwa flywheel pali mano oti agwirizane ndi choyambira.

Njira yogawa mafuta

Dongosolo lanthawi yokhala ndi ma chain drive, omwe ndi odalirika kwambiri kuposa lamba. Unyolo wanthawi umatenga kasinthasintha kuchokera pa crankshaft sprocket ndikuyendetsa ma camshaft awiri omwe ali pamutu wa injini. Mmodzi wa iwo amangogwiritsa ntchito mavavu akumwa, chachiwiri - kutulutsa. Kuti zizindikiro zisasokere, cholumikizira chamtundu wa hydraulic chimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo chowongolera chimachepetsa kumveka kwake.

Zomwe zimakhalapo ndi kukhalapo kwa kusintha kwanzeru mu nthawi ya valve vvti pa shaft yolowera, yomwe imayang'anira kugunda kwa valve posuntha camshaft ku ngodya yomwe mukufuna.

Chifukwa cha njirayi, mafuta amachepetsedwa ndipo mphamvu ya injini imagwiritsidwa ntchito momveka bwino.

Njira yozizira

Imathandiza kusunga kutentha kwa injini bwino. Malinga ndi chipangizo, madzi, chatsekedwa mtundu, ndi kukakamizidwa kufalitsidwa. Kuti mugwire bwino ntchito, tikulimbikitsidwa kudzaza antifreeze. Amakhala ndi ma radiator, mafani, mapaipi, thermostat ndi mpope wamadzi. Pampu imazungulira madzi, ndipo thermostat imayendetsa kayendedwe kake mu bwalo lalikulu kapena laling'ono.

Dongosolo mafuta

Amapereka kudzoza kwa kupaka zigawo ndi magulu a injini, kuchepetsa kuvala kwawo. Mafuta amapopedwa ndi mpope wamtundu wa giya, womwe umakhala mu sump ya injini.

Kupyolera mu fyuluta, imadyetsedwa kudzera munjira zapadera kupita kumagulu a crank ndi gasi yogawa, komanso gulu la cylinder-piston. Pambuyo popaka mafuta, mafuta amayenda pansi ndipo njira yozungulira imabwerezedwa kachiwiri. Kuchuluka kwa dongosolo la mafuta ndi 3,9 malita.

Makina amagetsi

Amapereka mafuta ndi mpweya kuzinthu zambiri zomwe amadya, amalimbikitsa kupanga kusakaniza kwa mpweya ndi mpweya wake ku chipinda choyaka moto.

Mafuta amaperekedwa kuchokera ku tanki ya gasi ndi pampu yapadera yothamanga kwambiri, momwe muli fyuluta yowonongeka mu mawonekedwe a mesh yomwe imateteza dongosolo ku tinthu tating'ono tomwe timalowamo. Mafuta amadyetsedwa kudzera m'machubu kupita ku fyuluta yabwino, kumene timadontho tating'ono kwambiri timachotsedwamo.

Pambuyo podutsa magawo awiri a kuyeretsedwa, mafuta amawapopera ndi ma nozzles mu njira yowonongeka, komwe amasakanikirana ndi mpweya, kupanga chisakanizo choyaka moto, chomwe chimalowetsedwa mu chipinda choyaka moto pamene ma valve olowetsa amatsegulidwa.

Mpweya wa mpweya umayimiridwa ndi nozzles, fyuluta, msonkhano wa throttle ndi manifold intake. Kuchuluka kwa mpweya kumaperekedwa ndi valve throttle, yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi ECU. Kompyutayo imasanthula kangapo, kusonkhanitsa zidziwitso kuchokera ku masensa onse agalimoto ndikusintha kuchuluka kwa kutsegulira kwa chotsitsa, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya osakaniza oyaka amapangidwa kutengera momwe injini imagwirira ntchito.

Dongosolo la umbuli

Zinthu zazikuluzikulu ndi batri, alternator, mawaya, ECU, ma coils ndi ma spark plugs. Magwerowa amapereka magetsi otsika-voltage pamagetsi oyatsira, omwe amawasintha kukhala okwera kwambiri ndipo, motsogozedwa ndi kompyuta, amawatsogolera ku makandulo.

Zotsirizirazi zimatulutsa phokoso, ndikuyatsa chisakanizo choyaka. Dongosolo la ntchito ndi 1-3-4-2. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti QR20DE ili ndi zisindikizo za spark plug kuteteza ma spark plugs kuti asapakidwe mafuta.

Kudalirika kwagalimoto

gwero injini ndi pafupifupi makilomita 200 zikwi, ndi kukonza yake ndi kuyeza akafuna galimoto, mukhoza kuyendetsa 50-70 zikwi makilomita zambiri. Kumapeto kwa moyo wautumiki, oyendetsa galimoto ambiri amaika mgwirizano wamagetsi, koma kukonzanso kwakukulu ndi kuphulika kwa chipika cha silinda kumathekanso.

Ngati mungathe kuchotsa galimotoyo, ndiye kuti malinga ndi ndondomeko yamanja, mukhoza kuigwiritsa ntchito ndi manja anu, ndipo mungagwiritse ntchito ntchito yotembenuza mumisonkhano yapadera. Vuto lodziwika bwino ndikuyambitsa QR20DE nyengo yozizira.

Kuphatikiza kwa fimuweya yosagwirizana ndi fakitale kukakhala kulephera kothandizira kumabweretsa kuti ngati njira yoyambira ikusokonezedwa, imasefukira makandulo - chifukwa chake, kuyambira chisanu pansi pa madigiri 20 nthawi zina kumakhala kovuta.

Kusungika

QR20DE ndi injini yosavuta yomwe ndiyosavuta kuyisamalira. Monga injini zonse, nthawi zina zimakhala ndi zovuta zapamwamba. Imangokhala yopanda pake, choyambira sichimatembenuka, chimayamba bwino, "kuthamanga kumachoka, ndikuzimitsa - zonse zimabwerera mwakale", kuchepa kwa liwiro - zonsezi zili kutali ndi kuwonongeka komwe eni ake akukumana nawo.

1. Kugwedezeka - vuto limakonzedwa mwa kusintha firmware.
2. Kutaya kwamafuta kuchokera pansi pa chivundikiro cha valve - kuthetsedwa ndikusintha gasket.
3. Kuwala kwa sensor yamafuta kumayaka - onani momwe zimagwirira ntchito. Ngati mulingo wamafuta watsika, ndiye kuti chimodzi mwazifukwa ndizovala mphete za pistoni. Ndi chidziwitso chofunikira, mutha kudzikonza nokha, zida zokonzera zitha kugulidwa pamalo aliwonse ogulitsa magalimoto.
4. Metallic kugogoda pansi pa hood - muyenera kusintha mavavu.
5. Injini ndi troit - pamenepa, simuyenera kudzifufuza nokha, muzimutsuka ma nozzles mu utumiki wa galimoto ndikuyeretsa msonkhano wa throttle. Ngati yawonongeka, zingakhale zofunikira kusintha majekeseni.
6. Galimoto imagwedezeka, kugwedezeka kumachitika, zosinthika zimayandama - ndi mtunda wautali, unyolo wanthawi yayitali ndi womwe umayambitsa. Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kuyang'ana mkhalidwe wa vvti clutch, yang'anani valavu ya egr.
7. Kuchulukitsa kwamafuta - muyenera kupita kukayezetsa, yang'anani zolakwika. Zingakhale zofunikira kusintha kafukufuku wa lambda.
8. Palibe spark - m'malo mwa spark plugs, fufuzani mawaya ndi ma coils. Lipoti lazithunzi pa intaneti lidzakuthandizani.
9. Woyambira akutembenukira, injini sikuyamba - fufuzani kachipangizo crankshaft ndi mawaya ake, pakhoza kukhala vuto mwa iwo.

Nissan X-Trail T-30. Injini yoyaka mkati QR20DE. Kusintha thermostat. (#AvtoservisNikitin)

Ndi mafuta amtundu wanji oti utsanulire

Kusankha mafuta ndi bizinesi ya woyendetsa galimoto aliyense, koma kukonzanso injini sikwachilendo mukamagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yotsika. Ngati mumasunga ndikudzaza zinthu zotsika mtengo zomwe sizimapereka filimu yokwanira yamafuta pa kutentha kwa injini, kukangana kumawonjezeka pakati pa zigawo za unit yanu ndikuwonjezera kuvala.

Mafuta oipa amachotsedwa ku makoma a silinda ndikuyamba "kuwotcha", zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kugwiritsira ntchito kwambiri kuposa zamtengo wapatali. Zonsezi zikusonyeza kuti ndi bwino kudzaza zinthu zabwino kamodzi kuposa kulandira ndalama zongoganizira ndi mulu wa mavuto. Chifukwa chake, akatswiri amalangiza mwamphamvu kupewa masitolo omwe amapereka mafuta agalimoto pamtengo wotsika mtengo.

Malinga ndi malangizo a QR20DE, zopangidwa zotsatirazi ndizoyenera:

• 0W-30;
• 5W-20;
• 5W-30;
• 5W-40;
• 10W-30;
• 10W-40;
• 10W-60;
• 15W-40;
• 20W-20.

Malinga ndi bukuli, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisinthe makilomita 15 aliwonse, malinga ndi ndemanga za eni galimoto - 1,5-2 nthawi zambiri.

Mndandanda wa magalimoto a Nissan omwe adayika injini iyi:

• Kubwera;
• Kalavani;
• Ufulu;
• NV350 Kalavani;
• Choyamba;
• Serena;
• kukhudza;
• Wingroad;
• X-Njira.