Injini ya Mitsubishi 6A12
Zamkatimu
Wopangidwa ndi omanga injini aku Japan a Mitsubishi Motors Corporation (MMC), injini ya 6A12 yasinthidwa mobwerezabwereza. Ngakhale kusintha kwakukulu, indexyo idakhalabe yosasintha.
mafotokozedwe
Mphamvu ya 6A12 idapangidwa kuyambira 1992 mpaka 2010. Ndi injini yamafuta ya silinda-silinda V-woboola pakati, voliyumu ya malita 2,0 ndi mphamvu ya 145-200 hp.
Idayikidwa pamagalimoto a MMC, Proton automakers (opangidwa ku Malaysia):
Silinda block ya zosintha zonse za injini ndi chitsulo choponyedwa.
Mutu wa silinda umapangidwa ndi aluminium alloy. Pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya injini, camshaft imodzi kapena ziwiri zinayikidwa pamutu. Camshaft inali pazithandizo zinayi (SOHC), kapena zisanu (DOHC). Zipinda zoyatsira zamtundu wa mahema.
Ma valve otulutsa mpweya wa injini za DOHC ndi DOHC-MIVEC ndi odzaza ndi sodium.
Chitsulo cha Crankshaft, chopangidwa. Lili pa nsanamira zinayi.
Pistoni ndi yokhazikika, yopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu alloy, yokhala ndi kuponderezana kuwiri ndi mphete imodzi yamafuta.
Dongosolo lopaka mafuta lomwe limakhala ndi kuyeretsa kwathunthu kwamafuta komanso kupezeka kwake mopanikizika ndi ma unit opaka.
Dongosolo lozizirira lotsekedwa ndi kukakamiza koziziritsa kuzungulira.
Dongosolo loyatsira la injini za SOHC silimalumikizana ndi wogawa, ndi coil imodzi yoyatsira. Injini za DOHC zidapangidwa popanda wogawa.
Mitundu yonse yamagawo amagetsi imakhala ndi makina opumira a crankcase omwe amalepheretsa kutulutsa mpweya womwe wathyoka.
Injini zoyatsira mkati zokhala ndi nthawi yosinthira ma valve MIVEC (magetsi owongolera ma valve amagetsi kutengera liwiro la crankshaft) awonjezera mphamvu komanso kutsika kwazinthu zovulaza mumipweya yotulutsa mpweya. Kuonjezera apo, pali mafuta osungira. Mutha kuwona kanema wa momwe dongosololi limagwirira ntchito.
Zolemba zamakono
Makhalidwe a mitundu itatu ya injini akufotokozedwa mwachidule patebulo.
| Wopanga | mms | mms | mms |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kusintha kwa injini | Mtengo wa SOHC | DoHC | DOHC-MIVEC |
| Voliyumu, cm³ | 1998 | 1998 | 1998 |
| Mphamvu, hp | 145 | 150-170 | 200 |
| Makokedwe, Nm | 171 | 180-186 | 200 |
| Chiyerekezo cha kuponderezana | 10,0 | 10,0 | 10,0 |
| Cylinder chipika | chitsulo choponyedwa | chitsulo choponyedwa | chitsulo choponyedwa |
| Cylinder mutu | aluminium | aluminium | aluminium |
| Chiwerengero cha masilindala | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Cylinder awiri, mm | 78,4 | 78,4 | 78,4 |
| Makonzedwe a masilindala | V-mawonekedwe | V-mawonekedwe | V-mawonekedwe |
| Camber angle, deg. | 60 | 60 | 60 |
| Pisitoni sitiroko, mm | 69 | 69 | 69 |
| Mavavu pa yamphamvu iliyonse | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Hydraulic compensator | + | + | palibe |
| Nthawi yoyendetsa | lamba | lamba | lamba |
| Kusintha kwamphamvu kwa lamba | kanema | automat | |
| Kuwongolera nthawi ya valve | - | - | Electronic, MIVEC |
| Kutembenuza | palibe | palibe | |
| Mafuta dongosolo | Kugawa jakisoni | jakisoni | jakisoni |
| Mafuta | Mafuta AI-95 | Mafuta AI-95 | Mafuta AI-95 |
| Chikhalidwe cha chilengedwe | Yuro 2/3 | Yuro 2/3 | Yuro 3 |
| Malo: | chopingasa | chopingasa | |
| Resource, kunja. km | 300 | 250 | 220 |
Kutengera ndi komwe malamba amayika nthawi ndi zomata (kumanja kapena kumanzere), ma tabular amtundu uliwonse wa injini zoyatsira mkati zimasiyana pang'ono ndi zomwe zaperekedwa.
Kuti mudziwe zambiri ndi chipangizocho, kukonza ndi kukonza injini, tsatirani ulalo.
Kudalirika, zofooka, kusakhazikika
Zowonjezerapo za injini zomwe zimakondweretsa woyendetsa aliyense.
Kudalirika
Malinga ndi zomwe zilipo, ma motors a 6A12, malinga ndi malamulo awo osamalira ndi ntchito, amatha kuthana ndi malire a 400 km. Kudalirika kwa gawo lamagetsi kumadalira momwe amawonera kuchokera kwa dalaivala.
Mu malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito galimoto, wopanga anaulula mwatsatanetsatane nkhani zonse za kukonza injini. Koma apa mfundo imodzi yofunika iyenera kuganiziridwa - ku Russia, zofunikira zosamalira ziyenera kusinthidwa pang'ono. Mwachindunji, nthawi zothamanga pakati pa kukonza kotsatira zachepetsedwa. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chamafuta osakwera kwambiri komanso mafuta komanso misewu yosiyana ndi yaku Japan.
Mwachitsanzo, pogwiritsira ntchito injini yoyaka mkati mwazovuta, tikulimbikitsidwa kusintha mafuta pambuyo pa 5000 km ya galimotoyo. Kuti injiniyo ikhale yodalirika, mtunda uwu uyenera kuchepetsedwa. Kapena kutsanulira mafuta apamwamba a ku Japan mu dongosolo. Kulephera kutsatira izi kudzabweretsa kukonzanso pafupi.
Membala wa Forum Marat Dulatbaev akulemba zotsatirazi za kudalirika (mawonekedwe a wolemba amasungidwa):
Choncho, n'zotheka kulankhula molimba mtima za kudalirika kwakukulu kwa unit ndi kukonza kwake koyenera.
Mawanga ofooka
6A12 injini ali ndi zofooka zingapo, zotsatira zake zoipa akhoza kuchepetsedwa mosavuta. Choopsa chachikulu chimakhala chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya mafuta. Chodabwitsa ichi nthawi zambiri chimapangitsa kuti zoyikazo zizizungulira. Kukonzekera nthawi zonse motsatira malingaliro onse a wopanga ndiye chinsinsi cha ntchito yabwino ya injini.
Low nthawi lamba chuma (90 zikwi makilomita). Ikawonongeka, kupindika kwa ma valve sikungapeweke. Kusintha lamba pambuyo pa makilomita 75-80 zikwi kudzathetsa mfundo yofooka iyi.
Zonyamula ma hydraulic zimatha msanga. Chifukwa chachikulu ndikugwiritsa ntchito mafuta otsika kwambiri. 6A12 mphamvu mayunitsi zosintha onse amaonedwa "omnivorous" mawu mafuta, koma wovuta kwambiri pa khalidwe la mafuta. Kugwiritsa ntchito magiredi otsika mtengo kumabweretsa kukonzanso kwa injini.
Kusungika
Kukhazikika kwa injini ndikwabwino. Pa intaneti, mutha kupeza zambiri pamutuwu. Ogwiritsa ntchito Forum mu mauthenga awo amalemba tsatanetsatane wa masitepe okonza injini ndi manja awo. Kuti mumveke bwino, phatikizani chithunzi.
Magawo salinso vuto lalikulu. M'masitolo apadera a pa intaneti mungapeze gawo lililonse kapena msonkhano. Kukonza kotereku, monga kugwiritsa ntchito zida zopangira zida zoperekera injini, zafala kwambiri.
Koma njira yabwino yothetsera vuto la kukonza ndikuyika kukhazikitsa kwake kwa akatswiri odziwa ntchito zamagalimoto.
Zosintha zonse za injini ya Mitsubishi zinali zodalirika komanso zolimba. Koma wovuta kwambiri pamtundu wamafuta ndi mafuta, makamaka mafuta.
