BMW N42B20 injini

Ma injini apamzere a imodzi mwamagalimoto akulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, BMW, mwachibadwa sikuti ndi quintessence ya luso laukadaulo komanso kulimba mtima kwaukadaulo, komanso amanyamula mbiri yakale.

Pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha injini zochokera N42B20 yamphamvu chipika, mukhoza kutsatira mosamala zimene akatswiri Bavarian analabadira popanga injini.

mafotokozedwe

Ngati mutangodutsa mbiri ya injini za BMW, tikhoza kunena kuti akatswiri a ku Bavaria amalemekeza miyambo yawo mosamala, ndipo mayankho awo amachokera ku kufunafuna ungwiro. Mukunena kuti injini yabwino m'mbali zonse siyingakhalepo? Kokha osati kwa malingaliro ofufuza a akatswiri a ku Germany, chifukwa sanagwirizane ndi mawu awa, nthawi zonse akuphwanya malingaliro okhudza mphamvu zochepa pa injini zazing'ono.

Komabe, dziwani kuti luso la uinjiniya ndi luso lamakono silinakhalepo nthawi yayitali, chifukwa pofika m'ma 90s - kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2000, nthawi ya malonda inakula kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, ndi magalimoto pafupifupi poyamba.

Umu ndi mmene injini "guzzling" mafuta malita anaonekera, midadada yamphamvu kuti amalephera kokha chifukwa cha kutenthedwa pang'ono ndi "matekinoloje" ena achisoni amene amanyansidwa kwambiri eni galimoto odziwa zambiri ndi minders galimoto.

Komabe, otsiriza, mtundu uwu wa "zanzeru" zamakono sizimadandaula kwambiri, ngati osati kunena zosiyana.

Tisalankhule za zinthu zachisoni, tiyeni tiganizire bwino za nthawi yopangira injini za BMW za sing'anga (molingana ndi msika) voliyumu, yomwe ndi malita 2.0. Linali bukuli, mogwirizana ndi matekinoloje omwe alipo kale, omwe akatswiri a ku Bavaria ankawona kuti ndi abwino kwambiri mwazinthu zonse (!) Makhalidwe ofunikira kuchokera kwa iwo: mphamvu, torque, kulemera, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, ndi moyo wautumiki. Zowona, akatswiri sanabwere ku bukuli nthawi yomweyo, koma zonse zinayamba ndi injini yodziwika bwino ndi index ya M10, ndi iye kuti mbiri yonse yaikulu ya mayunitsi anayi amtundu wa BMW imayamba.

Ndiyenera kuvomereza kuti panthawiyo, BMW idapanga, ngati siinjini yabwino, ndiye kuti ndi imodzi mwazabwino kwambiri m'mbiri ya kampaniyo. Unali chipika cha M10 chomwe chidakhala ngati gawo linanso la mayankho ambiri a uinjiniya, omwe pamapeto pake kampaniyo idayamba kuwawonetsa m'magawo ake atsopano. Panali mitundu yambiri yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagalimoto otengera chipika cha M10, pakati pawo:

• kuyesa ndi kuchuluka kwa injini zoyaka mkati;
• kuyesa ndi mutu wa silinda;
• machitidwe osiyanasiyana operekera mafuta (1 carburetor, mapasa carburetors, jekeseni wamakina).

M'tsogolomu, chipika cha M10 chinayamba kumalizidwa, umisiri watsopano "unayendetsedwa", pamapeto pake, injini zingapo zinatulutsidwa, zomwe zinachokera ku "nthano" ya M10. Panali njira zambiri zamakono panthawiyo, kuyambira machitidwe operekera mafuta mpaka kuyesa mitu ya silinda (mitu ya silinda iwiri) komanso kugawa kwa injini ndi makina onse. Mndandanda waumisiri wa injini, womwe udakhazikitsidwa pa M10 kwambiri, timapereka mndandanda waufupi malinga ndi nthawi yachitukuko:

• M115/M116;
• M10B15/M10B16;
• M117/M118;
• M42, M43;
• M15 - M19, M22/23, M31;
• M64, M75 - mitundu yotumiza kunja kwa injini zaku US (M64) ndi Japan (M75) misika.

M'tsogolomu, ndi kulengedwa kwina kwa injini, akatswiri a ku Bavaria adapeza kuti injini ya M10 yoganizira kwambiri ndi zamakono idzakhala yolowa m'malo mwa injini zochokera ku BC (cylinder block) M40. Ndipo kotero injini wotsatira anaonekera, mwa amene anali M43 ndi N42B20, amene anali chidwi kwambiri kwa ife.

Zambiri ndi luso la injini yoyaka mkati BMW N42B20

Magawo amagetsi ozikidwa pa chipika cha N42B20 adapangidwa molingana ndi "canons" zonse zama injini zamakono. Ma motors a prototype pachida ichi adalonjeza ulemerero wautali pagawoli, koma zonse sizinayende bwino monga momwe amayembekezera. Omwe adatsogolera N42 anali injini yokhala ndi index ya M43, yomwe "idatenga" matekinoloje onse abwino kwambiri oyesedwa pamizere inayi:

• kugwiritsa ntchito ma valve pogwiritsa ntchito ma roller pushers;
• ndondomeko ya nthawi;
• kuchuluka kwamphamvu komanso kuchepa kwa cylinder block;
• kusintha kwa anti-kugogoda (ndi ntchito yosiyana pa silinda iliyonse);
• ma pistoni osinthidwa mwaukadaulo (wokhala ndi chodulidwa mu siketi).

Kusiyanasiyana kwa injini pa N42 chipika, kumanzere - N42B18 (voliyumu - 1.8 l), kumanja - N42B20 (voliyumu - 2.0 l).

Panthawiyi, chimodzi mwa kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa injini za N42B20 ndi zosiyana zina pa chipika cha N42 chinali maonekedwe a mutu wa silinda wamagulu awiri ophatikizana ndi nthawi ya valve (chifukwa cha VANOS system) ndi Valvetronic variable valve lift system. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa machitidwe onsewa ndi matekinoloje kunapangitsa kuti kuchepetsa kugwiritsira ntchito mafuta ndi kuchotsa mphamvu zambiri (poyerekeza ndi matembenuzidwe akale) kuchokera ku injini, koma, mwatsoka, sizinawonjezere kudalirika.

Chaka chopanga gawo lamagetsi	Kuyambira 2004 mpaka 2012 *
mtundu wa injini	Petulo
Kapangidwe kagawo ka mphamvu	Pamzere, anayi yamphamvu
Mphamvu yamagetsi	2.0 malita **
Makina amagetsi	Jekeseni
Cylinder mutu	DOHC (ma camshafts awiri), kuyendetsa nthawi - unyolo
Mphamvu yamphamvu yoyaka mkati	143hp pa 6000 rpm ***
Mphungu	200Nm pa 3750***
Zida za silinda block ndi mutu wa silinda	Silinda block - aluminium, mutu wa silinda - aluminium
Mafuta ofunikira	AI-96, AI-95 (Euro 4-5 kalasi)
Internal kuyaka injini gwero	Kuchokera 200 mpaka 000 (malingana ndi ntchito ndi kukonza), gwero pafupifupi 400 - 000 pa galimoto yosamalidwa bwino.

Ngati pakufunika kudziwa chizindikiro chenicheni cha injini ndi nambala yake, muyenera kudalira chithunzi pansipa.

Ambiri, injini sangathe kudzitama ntchito kwambiri, makamaka poyerekeza ndi mibadwo yapita ya injini. Monga momwe tikuonera, kusiyana kwakukulu ndiko kuchepetsa mafuta ndi kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa mphamvu. Tsoka ilo, mutha kuzindikira kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwamphamvu kokha pa liwiro lapamwamba, ndipo ngakhale kuphatikiza ndi kufalitsa kwadzidzidzi, mutha kuyiwala za mphamvu ndi kuthamanga kwachangu.

Zilonda zodziwika bwino za ICE BMW N42B20

Injini zozikidwa pa chipika cha N42 zinakhala pafupifupi injini zoyatsira mkati mwaukadaulo zamakono nthawi imeneyo. Mosiyana ndi omwe adatsogolera, a Bavaria adaganiza zosokoneza mapangidwewo powonjezera 2 camshafts kumutu wa silinda, ndipo dongosolo la Double-VANOS linawonjezedwa kwa iwo. M'malo mwake, kupangidwa konseko kunabweretsa ulemerero kwa ma motors awa, ngakhale sizinali zomwe okonza ma mota awa adalota.

Ma camshafts awiri ndiabwino, ndithudi, koma njira zambiri zovuta zamakono, monga Double-VANOS, zimakhala zopunthwitsa. Zonsezi zimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa ntchito ya tsiku ndi tsiku, chifukwa mafuta amachepetsedwa, koma kodi pali lingaliro lililonse pa izi? Makamaka pamene magalimoto amayendetsedwa m'mayiko a Russian Federation ndi CIS, kumene ubwino wa mafuta ndi mafuta umasiya kwambiri. Zikuwonekeratu kwa owerenga mwachangu kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta otsika komanso mafuta opangira mafuta kumakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri pamagawo amoto. Kaya ndalama zongoganizira zamafuta ndizofunikira kukonza zotsika mtengo za injini yoyaka moto - aliyense aziyankha yekha.

Ife, zochokera deta ziwerengero, tiona ma nuances ena okhudza maintainability Motors izi, koma tiyeni titenge izo mu dongosolo, chifukwa pamaso kulankhula za kukonza, muyenera kudziwa chimene nthawi zambiri amasweka mu Motors izi. Ndipo apa chirichonse chiri kale chovuta kwambiri, chifukwa vuto lalikulu la injini izi ndi kutenthedwa kwawo ndi coagulation yamphamvu ya mafuta.

Akatswiri a BMW amayika kapamwamba kwambiri pakuwongolera kutentha kwa injini - kuposa madigiri 110, chifukwa chake - kutentha mafuta mu crankcase mpaka madigiri 120-130, ndipo ngati mumaganiziranso kuchuluka kwamafuta ochepa, ndiye kuti zonse zimakhala bwino kwambiri. zachisoni.

Mafuta otentha amatsuka ndi kutseka njira zamafuta, pakapita nthawi, Valvetronic system drive imayamba "kuluma", ndipo oyambitsa Double-VANOS amalephera.

Zotsatira zake, injiniyo imapeza coking kwambiri, imasiya kupuma, ndipo chifukwa chakuti matekinoloje omwe ali pamwambawa akugwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo za aluminiyamu ndi mutu wa silinda, lembani zowonongeka. Eni ake ambiri a BMW amadziwa okha za mitu ya silinda "yoyandama" chifukwa cha kutenthedwa, kodi "matekinoloje" otere akufunika? Ndizotheka kuti m'mikhalidwe ya ku Ulaya, ndi kutentha kochepa, kusowa kwa magalimoto ndi mafuta apamwamba kwambiri, matekinolojewa angadziwonetsere bwino. Koma muzovuta zenizeni zaku Russia - ayi.

Ngati simukhudza vuto lalikulu komanso losatha la injini za N42B20 / N42B18 zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kutenthedwa, koma zimakhudza mbali zonse za injini, ndiye kuti palibe mfundo zofooka pano, kupatulapo:

• tensioner nthawi (chithandizo ~ 90 - 000 km);
• kulephera pafupipafupi kwa ma koyilo oyatsira amtundu wa BREMI (kuthetsedwa mwakusintha ma coils ndi EPA);
• Mafuta a "zhor" chifukwa cha kusweka kwa zisindikizo za tsinde la valve (kusintha kwamafuta pafupipafupi ndikofunikira komanso kutentha kwa injini yoyaka mkati sikuvomerezeka).

Kusinthana ndi kusungika kwa injini yamoto ya BMW N42B20 yamkati

N42B20 injini sangatchulidwe kuti ndi yokhazikika komanso yosavuta kuyisamalira, komabe, ndikugwira ntchito moyenera, ndikusintha mafuta pafupipafupi (kamodzi pa 4000 km) komanso kusowa kwa kutentha, kumatha nthawi yayitali. Ndipo ngakhale "likulu" likufunika panthawi inayake, siziri kutali ndi mfundo yakuti galimoto yamakono iyenera kutayidwa.

Popanda kutenthedwa ndi "moyo" mitu ya silinda, kukonzanso sikudzakhala kwa zakuthambo, koma kudzafunadi ndalama. Mkhalidwewu umasinthidwanso ndi zida zambiri zomwe sizinali zoyambirira zomwe zimapangidwira pamtengo wotsika, zomwe zimatha kuwonjezera moyo wagalimoto kwa nthawi yayitali (malingana ndi mtundu wa zida zosinthira).

Nthawi zambiri, eni BMWs ndi injini N42B20 / N42B18 amagwiritsa ntchito njira monga kusinthanitsa galimoto ina. Kusafuna kupirira kusakhazikika kwa injini pa chipika cha N42 nthawi zambiri kumakakamiza eni ake ambiri kuti asinthe "zopumira" zawo zinayi ndi chinthu champhamvu kwambiri.

Nthawi zambiri, imodzi mwa injini zazikulu zosinthira m'malo mwa N42B20 ndizotsatirazi injini zoyaka mkati (mu mzere wa silinda sikisi):

• BMW M54B30;
• Toyota 2JZ-GTE.

Ma motors omwe ali pamwambawa alibe mavuto akulu monga N42B20, ali ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso odalirika, komanso amasinthidwa mosavuta.

Magalimoto okhala ndi injini za BMW N42B20

Injini zochokera N42 yamphamvu chipika anali okonzeka ndi mzere umodzi BMW - iyi ndi 3-mndandanda (E-46 thupi). Mwachindunji, awa ndi zitsanzo zotsatirazi:

• BMW 316Ti E46/5;
• BMW 316i E46 (sedan ndi kuyendera thupi mtundu);
• BMW E46 318i;
• BMW E46 318Ci;
• BMW 318ti E46/5.