XNUMX miliyoni kulowa kwa dzuwa
Tikamajambula zithunzi mosalekeza, kusunga masauzande ambiri, ndikumacheza nawo pama foni ndi makompyuta athu, akatswiri ambiri akuyamba kuwonetsa zodabwitsa komanso zosathandiza nthawi zonse za "chithunzi chodzaza" chodabwitsa.
"Masiku ano, zithunzi zikupangidwa, kusinthidwa, kugawidwa ndikugawidwa pamlingo womwe sunachitikepo m'mbiri"katswiri wa zachikhalidwe cha anthu akulemba Dzanja la Martin m’buku lake lakuti Omnipresent Photography. Kusefukira kwazithunzi kumachitika pakakhala zinthu zambiri zowoneka mwakuti zimakhala zosatheka kukumbukira chithunzi chimodzi. Izi zimabweretsa kutopa kuchokera kuzinthu zopanda malire zowonera, kupanga ndi kusindikiza mitsinje ya zithunzi. Ndikofunikira kulemba zonse zomwe mumachita, monga wina aliyense, ndi zithunzi zingapo zopanda phindu kapena mtundu, koma motsindika kuchuluka kwake (1). Ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri amasonkhanitsa zithunzi zambiri ndi mafoni awo komanso makamera a digito. Kale malinga ndi malipoti ochokera ku 2015, wogwiritsa ntchito foni yamakono wamba anali ndi zithunzi 630 zosungidwa pa chipangizo chawo. Pali ambiri a iwo m'magulu aang'ono kwambiri.
Kumverera kowononga kwambiri ndi kukhuta, kuwonjezereka kwa zithunzi mu zenizeni zamakono, wojambula, monga momwe, akufuna kufotokozera. Penelope Umbricokulemba ntchito zake pa mndandanda "Zithunzi pa Sunset" mu 2013 (2) adapangidwa kuchokera pazithunzi zopitilira 12 miliyoni zakulowa kwadzuwa zomwe zidatumizidwa pa Flickr.
2. Zithunzi za Sunset ndi wojambula Penelope Umbrico
M'buku lake, Martin Hand yemwe watchulidwa kale akulemba za mantha omwe ophunzira ake adakumana nawo poganiza zochotsa mwangozi zithunzi zopulumutsidwa, za kukhumudwa komwe kumakhudzana ndi gulu lawo kapena kusowa kwa nthawi yophunzira mosamala. Katswiri wa zamaganizo Marianne Harry amatsutsa kuti kuchulukirachulukira kwa zithunzi za digito zomwe anthu akuwonekera pakali pano zitha kukhala zoipa kwa kukumbukirachifukwa zithunzi zambiri sizilimbikitsa kukumbukira kapena kulimbikitsa kumvetsetsa. Zithunzi sizikukhudzana ndi nkhani zomwe zingakumbukiridwe. Katswiri wina wa zamaganizo, Linda Henkel, ananena kuti ophunzira amene anapita ku nyumba yosungiramo zojambulajambula yokhala ndi makamera ndi zithunzithunzi zojambulidwa amakumbukira zochepa kwambiri poyerekezera ndi amene amangowona zinthu za m’myuziyamu.
Monga pulofesa wa maphunziro atolankhani akufotokozera Jose Van Dyke Mu Mediated Memories in the Digital Age, ngakhale titha kugwiritsabe ntchito ntchito yayikulu yojambulira ngati chida chokumbukira zakale zamunthu, tikuwona kusintha kwakukulu, makamaka pakati pa achinyamata, kuzigwiritsa ntchito ngati chida cholumikizirana komanso kuyanjana. kulumikizana ndi mayanjano..
Wojambula Chris Wiley Kubwerera ku 2011, adalemba nkhani yotchedwa "Depth of Focus" m'magazini ya Frieze yolengeza kuti zaka zazithunzi zambiri ndi nthawi ya kuchepa kwa luso lojambula zithunzi. Zithunzi pakati pa 300 ndi 400 miliyoni zimayikidwa tsiku lililonse pa Facebook ndi zoposa 100 miliyoni pa Instagram. Chiwerengero cha zithunzi chomwe chimapezeka pa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti chokha chili mu mazana a mabiliyoni, ngati si mabiliyoni. Komabe, palibe amene amamva kuti ziwerengero zazikuluzi zikusintha kukhala zabwino, kuti chithunzicho chakhala chabwinoko pang'ono kuposa kale.
Kodi madandaulo amenewa ndi otani? Kubwera kwa makamera abwino mu mafoni a m'manja, kujambula kwakhala kosiyana ndi kale, kumathandizira china. Pakali pano ikuwonetsa, kujambula ndi kutsatsa miyoyo yathu pa intaneti.
Kuphatikiza apo, pafupifupi theka lazaka zapitazo, tidakumana ndi kusintha kwa kujambula, komwe kudali kofanana. Zawonekera Polaroid. Mpaka 1964, makamera 5 miliyoni amtunduwu adapangidwa. Kufalikira kwa malezala a Polaroid ndiye gawo loyamba la demokalase yojambula. Kenako mafunde atsopano anabwera. Choyamba - makamera osavuta komanso otsika mtengo, komanso ngakhale ndi filimu yachikhalidwe (3). Kenako . Kenako aliyense anasesa mafoni. Komabe, kodi zimawononga chithunzi chokweza, chaukadaulo komanso chaluso? Ena amakhulupirira kuti izi, m'malo mwake, zimagogomezera kufunika kwake ndi kufunika kwake.
dziko la nkhani
Tidzakhala ndi mwayi wodziwa kumene kusinthaku kudzatsogolera. Panopa, Ukadaulo watsopano ndi zoyambira zosangalatsa zikubwera kuchokera pakumvetsetsa kwatsopano kwa zithunzi ndi gawo la zithunzi ndi mabiliyoni a anthu omwe amajambula zithunzi ndikulumikizana kudzera pazithunzi. Iwo akhoza kulemba buku latsopano mu mbiri ya kujambula. Tiyeni titchule zatsopano zingapo zomwe zingasiyire chizindikiro pa izo.
Chitsanzo ndikumanga kwa Kuwala ku San Francisco, komwe kudapanga chodabwitsa Chida cha L16 chowala, kugwiritsa ntchito magalasi ofikira khumi ndi asanu ndi limodzi (4) kupanga chithunzi chimodzi. Gawo lililonse lili ndi kutalika kofanana (5x35mm, 5x70mm ndi 6x150mm). Makamera adapangidwa kuti aziwonetsa zithunzi zokhala ndi ma megapixels 52. Ukadaulo wa prototype unaphatikizanso ma apertures opitilira khumi ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma optics ovuta kuwonetsa kuwala kuchokera pagalasi ndikutumiza kudzera m'magalasi angapo kupita ku masensa opanga. Chifukwa cha kukonza makompyuta, zithunzi zambiri zimaphatikizidwa kukhala chithunzi chimodzi chapamwamba kwambiri. Kampaniyo yapanga mapulogalamu otanthauzira mikhalidwe yowunikira komanso mtunda wa zinthu kuti apititse patsogolo chithunzi chonse. Kapangidwe ka multifocal, pamodzi ndi magalasi omwe amalola kuti magalasi ayang'ane 70mm ndi 150mm, amapereka mawonekedwe owoneka bwino azithunzi ndi makanema.
Kuwala kwa L16 kunakhala mtundu wa fanizo - chipangizocho chitha kugulidwa mwachizolowezi, koma mpaka kumapeto kwa chaka chino. Pamapeto pake, kampaniyo ikukonzekera kupanga zida zam'manja zomwe zimatha kujambula zithunzi zapamwamba komanso zowoneka bwino zowona.
Mafoni am'manja okhala ndi magalasi ambiri azithunzi nawonso akuwonekera kwambiri. Kamera yachitatu yakumbuyo idakambidwa kwambiri chaka chatha OnePlus 5Tyomwe imakhala ndi kamera yokwera kwambiri yochepetsera phokoso, komanso luso la Huawei lowonjezera kamera ya monochrome kuti iwonetsetsenso kusiyana ndi kuchepetsa phokoso. Pankhani ya makamera atatu, ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito mandala onse awiri ndi ma lens a telephoto, komanso sensa ya monochrome yomwe imapangidwira kuti ikhale yotsika kwambiri.
Nokia idabwereranso kuulemerero mchaka chino ndikukhazikitsa foni yoyamba ya makamera asanu padziko lapansi. Mtundu watsopano, 9 Maonedwe Oyera (5), yokhala ndi makamera amitundu iwiri ndi masensa atatu a monochrome. Zonsezi zimalumikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa Optical kuchokera ku Zeiss. Malinga ndi wopanga, makamera - iliyonse yokhala ndi ma megapixels 12 - imapereka mphamvu zambiri pakuzama kwa chithunzicho ndipo imalola ogwiritsa ntchito kujambula zambiri zomwe sizipezeka ndi kamera wamba. Kuphatikiza apo, malinga ndi mafotokozedwe ofalitsidwa, PureView 9 imatha kujambula kuwala kowirikiza kakhumi kuposa zida zina ndipo imatha kupanga zithunzi zokhala ndi ma megapixels a 240. Mtundu wa Nokia unali umodzi mwa mafoni asanu operekedwa ndi kampani yotchuka pamaso pa MWC ku Barcelona.
Ngakhale luntha lochita kupanga likulowa mwachangu mu pulogalamu yojambulira, silinapitebe patsogolo pamakamera achikhalidwe.
Pali zinthu zingapo zojambulira zomwe mungathe kusintha, monga kuzindikira mawonekedwe. Ndi mayankho owoneka bwino pamakina, ma algorithms a AI amatha kuzindikiranso zinthu zenizeni ndikuwongolera kuwonekera kwa iwo. Kuphatikiza apo, amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ma tag azithunzi ku metadata panthawi yojambula, zomwe zimatengera ntchito zina kuchokera kwa wogwiritsa ntchito kamera. Kuchepetsa phokoso komanso chifunga chamumlengalenga ndi malo ena odalirika a makamera a AI.
Kuwongolera kwina kwaukadaulo kulinso pafupi, monga kugwiritsa ntchito ma LED mu nyali zowunikira. Amatha kuthetsa kuchedwa pakati pa zowunikira ngakhale pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri wamagetsi. Aperekanso zosintha pamitundu ya kuwala ndi "kutentha" kwake kuti zikhale zosavuta kuzisintha kuti zigwirizane ndi kuwala kozungulira. Njirayi ikukulabe, koma ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kampani yomwe imagonjetsa zovuta, mwachitsanzo, ndi kuwala koyenera, ikhoza kusintha msika.
Kupezeka kwakukulu kwa njira zatsopano kunathandizira kutchuka kwa zomwe nthawi zina zimatchedwa "mafashoni". Ngakhale HDR (High Dynamic Range) ndi lingaliro lomwe limapangitsa kusiyana pakati pa matani akuda kwambiri ndi opepuka kwambiri. Kapena kutaya Kuwombera kwa panoramic 360 madigiri. Chiwerengero cha zithunzi ndi mavidiyo chikukulanso ofukula Oraz zithunzi za drone. Izi zikugwirizana kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa zida zomwe sizinapangidwe kuti ziwonekere, osati poyamba.
Inde, ichi ndi chizindikiro cha zithunzi za nthawi yathu ndipo, mwanjira ina, chizindikiro chake. Ili ndilo dziko la photostream mwachidule - pali zambiri, kuchokera kumbali ya kujambula nthawi zambiri sizili zabwino konse, koma zilipo. kulumikizana ndi ena pa intaneti ndipo anthu sangaleke kuchita.
