Ma motors awiri m'magalimoto amagetsi - ndi njira ziti zomwe opanga amagwiritsa ntchito kuti awonjezere kuchuluka? [DESCRIPTION]

Magalimoto amagetsi amakhala ndi imodzi, ziwiri, zitatu, ndipo nthawi zina zinayi. Kuchokera pamalingaliro azachuma, injini imodzi ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri, koma anthu ena amakhala odzidalira kwambiri akakhala ndi magudumu onse. Koma mumagwirizanitsa bwanji chidaliro choperekedwa ndi AWD ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa? Opanga ali ndi njira zingapo zochitira izi.

Multi-motor drives mumagetsi. Kodi magalimoto amachepetsa bwanji kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi?

Zamkatimu

• Multi-motor drives mumagetsi. Kodi magalimoto amachepetsa bwanji kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi?
  • Njira # 1: gwiritsani ntchito clutch (monga nsanja ya Hyundai E-GMP: Hyundai Ioniq 5, Kia EV6)
  • Njira # 2: Gwiritsani ntchito injini yolowera panjira imodzi (monga Tesle Model S / X Raven, Volkswagen MEB)
  • Njira # 3: onjezani batire mwanzeru

Tiyeni tiyambire poyambira - drive-axis drive. Kutengera lingaliro la wopanga, injiniyo ili kutsogolo (FWD) kapena chitsulo chakumbuyo (RWD). Gudumu loyenda kutsogolo Mwanjira ina, uku ndikuchoka pamagalimoto a injini zoyaka: zaka makumi angapo zapitazo amakhulupirira kuti amapereka chitetezo chabwino, chifukwa chake akatswiri ambiri amagetsi oyambilira anali ndi magudumu akutsogolo. Mpaka lero, ndi njira yothetsera Nissan ndi Renault (Leaf, Zoe, CMF-EV platform) ndi zitsanzo zomwe zimasintha magalimoto oyaka mkati (mwachitsanzo, VW e-Golf, Mercedes EQA).

Tesla anasiya njira yoyendetsera kutsogolo kuyambira pachiyambi, ndipo BMW ndi i3 ndi Volkswagen ndi nsanja ya MEB, kumene yankho lofunikira ndilo. injini ili pa nkhwangwa yakumbuyo... Izi ndizodetsa nkhawa madalaivala ambiri chifukwa magalimoto oyaka mkati mwa magudumu akutsogolo amakhala otetezeka pafupi ndi chipata, koma ndi ma mota amagetsi, palibe chodetsa nkhawa. Zipangizo zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi zimathamanga kwambiri kuposa makina amakina amagetsi oyaka.

Mwachidule, injini imodzi ndi seti imodzi ya zingwe zothamanga kwambiri, inverter imodzi, dongosolo limodzi lowongolera. Zinthu zochepa zomwe zili m'dongosolo, zocheperako zidzakhala kutayika kwathunthu. Chifukwa Magalimoto amagetsi a injini imodzi, kwenikweni, adzakhala okwera mtengo kuposa magalimoto okhala ndi mainjini awiri kapena kuposa.zomwe tidalemba poyambirira.

Kuwonjezera pa madalaivala, amakonda magalimoto onse. Anthu ena amagula kuti agwire bwino ntchito, ena chifukwa amamva kuti ndi otetezeka nawo, ndipo ena chifukwa chakuti amayendetsa galimoto nthawi zonse m'malo ovuta. Ma injini amagetsi pano amawononga mainjiniya: m'malo mwa thupi lalikulu, lotentha, logwedezeka, tili ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, ophatikizika omwe amatha kuwonjezeredwa ku ekisi yachiwiri. Zoyenera kuchita muzochitika zotere kuti musapitirire kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndikumutsimikizira mwiniwake zamitundu yoyenera? Mwachiwonekere: muyenera kuzimitsa injini zambiri momwe mungathere.

Koma bwanji?

Njira # 1: gwiritsani ntchito clutch (monga nsanja ya Hyundai E-GMP: Hyundai Ioniq 5, Kia EV6)

Pali mitundu iwiri yama motors omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto amagetsi: mota yolowetsa (asynchronous motor, ASM) kapena maginito okhazikika (PSM). Ma motor maginito okhazikika ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri, kotero kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kumamveka kulikonse komwe kuli kofunikira. Koma amakhalanso ndi vuto lalikulu: maginito osatha sangathe kuzimitsidwa, amapanga maginito, kaya timakonda kapena ayi.

Popeza mawilo amalumikizidwa mwamphamvu ndi injini ndi ma axles ndi magiya, kukwera kulikonse kumapangitsa kuti magetsi aziyenda, kuchokera ku batri kupita ku injini (kuyenda kwagalimoto) kapena kuchokera ku injini kupita ku batri (kuchira). Chifukwa chake, ngati tigwiritsa ntchito injini imodzi yokhazikika ya maginito pa ekisi iliyonse, zitha kuchitika pomwe wina amayendetsa mawilo ndipo winayo amaphwanya galimotoyo, chifukwa amatembenuza mphamvu yamakina kukhala magetsi. Izi ndizovuta kwambiri.

Hyundai yathetsa vutoli pogwiritsa ntchito makina ogwirira pa ekisi yakutsogolo... Ntchito yake imakhala yodziwikiratu, monga dongosolo la Haldex m'magalimoto oyatsa: pamene dalaivala akusowa mphamvu zambiri, clutch imatsekedwa ndipo injini zonse zimathamanga (kapena kuswa?) Galimoto. Dalaivala akamayendetsa mwakachetechete, clutch imachotsa injini yakutsogolo kuchokera pamawilo, kotero palibe vuto ndi braking.

Ubwino waukulu wa clutch ndikuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito injini za PSM zotsika mtengo pama axle onse awiri. Choyipa ndikuyambitsa chinthu china chomakina mu dongosolo, chomwe chiyenera kupirira ma torque apamwamba ndikuyankha mwachangu kusintha. Mwanjira iyi gawolo limatha pang'onopang'ono - ndipo ngakhale likuwoneka losavuta pamapangidwe, momwe zimalumikizirana ndi ma drive system zimapangitsa kuti m'malo zisachitike.

Njira # 2: Gwiritsani ntchito injini yolowera panjira imodzi (monga Tesle Model S / X Raven, Volkswagen MEB)

Njira nambala 2 yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito motalika komanso nthawi zambiri, kuyambira pachiyambi idawonekera mu Tesla Model S ndi X, tsopano tikhoza kuyipezanso pakati pa Volkswagen ina pa nsanja ya MEB, kuphatikizapo VW ID.4 GTX. Icho chagona mu chowonadi icho ma asynchronous motors okhala ndi ma electromagnets amayikidwa pa ma axle onse (mtundu wakale wa Tesla), kapenanso kutsogolo (MEB AWD, Tesle S / X kuchokera ku mtundu wa Raven).... Tonse timadziwa mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito maginito amagetsi kuyambira kusukulu ya pulayimale: mphamvu ya maginito imapangidwa kokha pamene magetsi agwiritsidwa ntchito. Pamene magetsi azimitsidwa, maginito amagetsi amasanduka mtolo wamba wa mawaya.

Chifukwa chake, pankhani ya mota ya asynchronous, ndikwanira kutulutsa mafunde kuchokera kugwero lamagetsi.kuti adzasiya kukana. Ubwino wosakayikitsa wa yankho ili ndi kuphweka kwa mapangidwe, chifukwa zonse zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito zamagetsi. Komabe, choyipa chake ndi kutsika kwamphamvu kwa ma induction motors komanso kuti kukana kwina kumapangidwa ndi bokosi lolimba la meshed ndi mota yokha.

Monga tanenera kale, ma motors olowetsa amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pazitsulo zakutsogolo, choncho udindo wawo waukulu ndikuwonjezera mphamvu pamene mukuzifuna ndipo musavutike pamene wokwerayo akuyenda pang'onopang'ono.

Njira # 3: onjezani batire mwanzeru

Ndikoyenera kukumbukira kuti mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi ndizokwera kwambiri (95, ndipo nthawi zina 99+ peresenti). Chifukwa chake, ngakhale ndi AWD drive yokhala ndi ma mota awiri okhazikika a maginito, omwe nthawi zonse gudumu (osawerengera kuchira), zotayika zokhudzana ndi kasinthidwe ndi injini imodzi zidzakhala zochepa. Koma atero, ndipo mphamvu zosungidwa mu batire ndizosowa - tikazigwiritsa ntchito kwambiri pakuyendetsa, kuchuluka kwake kudzakhala koyipitsitsa.

Chifukwa chake, njira yachitatu yowonjezeretsa magalimoto amagetsi amagetsi anayi okhala ndi ma motors awiri a PSM ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya batri yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mochenjera. Kuthekera konse kumatha kukhala komweko, mphamvu zogwiritsiridwa ntchito zimatha kusiyana, kotero anthu osankha pakati pa RWD/FWD ndi AWD sangazindikire kusiyana pokhapokha wopanga anene mwachindunji.

Sitikudziwa ngati njira yomwe tafotokozayi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi aliyense. Tesla mumitundu yatsopano ya 3 imapatsa wogula mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito batri yochulukirapo, koma apa zitha kuwoneka kuti njira yogwirira ntchito (Amapasa galimoto) malinga ndi kuchuluka kwake sikunali kosiyana ndi mtundu wa Long Range (Dual Motor).

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