Duel of Bouvet ndi Meteora ku Havana 1870
Nkhondo ya Bouvet ndi Meteora. Gawo lomaliza la nkhondoyi - Bouvet wowonongeka amachoka pabwalo lankhondo, akutsatiridwa ndi boti lamfuti la Meteor.
Ntchito zapamadzi pankhondo ya Franco-German ya 1870-1871 zidangokhala zochitika zochepa chabe. Chimodzi mwa izo chinali kugunda pafupi ndi Havana, Cuba, panthawiyo ku Spain, komwe kunachitika mu November 1870 pakati pa bwato la mfuti la Prussian Meteor ndi boti lamfuti la ku France la Bouvet.
Nkhondo yopambana ndi Austria mu 1866 ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa North Germany Confederation kunapangitsa Prussia kukhala woyenera kugwirizanitsa dziko lonse la Germany. Mavuto awiri okha adayima m'njira: malingaliro a South Germany, makamaka mayiko achikatolika, omwe sanafune kugwirizananso, ndi France, yomwe inkawopa kusokoneza mgwirizano wa ku Ulaya. Pofuna kupha mbalame ziwiri ndi mwala umodzi, nduna yaikulu ya Prussian, Chancellor wamtsogolo wa Reich Otto von Bismarck, adakwiyitsa France kuti achitepo kanthu motsutsana ndi Prussia kotero kuti mayiko aku South Germany analibe chochita koma kujowina nawo, potero akuthandizira kukhazikitsa. za dongosolo la mgwirizano wa chancellor. Chotsatira chake chinali chakuti pankhondoyo, yomwe inalengezedwa mwalamulo pa July 19, 1870, dziko la France linatsutsidwa ndi pafupifupi dziko lonse la Germany, ngakhale kuti linali lisanagwirizane.
Kumenyanako kunathetsedwa mwamsanga pamtunda, kumene gulu lankhondo la Prussia ndi ogwirizana nawo anali ndi mwayi wowonekera, wochuluka kwambiri.
ndi mwabungwe, pa gulu lankhondo la France. Panyanja, zinthu zinali zosiyana - French anali ndi mwayi waukulu, kutsekereza madoko Prussia kumpoto ndi Nyanja Baltic kuyambira chiyambi cha nkhondo. Izi, komabe, sizinakhudze njira ya nkhondo mwanjira iliyonse, kupatula kuti gawo limodzi lakutsogolo ndi magawo 4 a landwehr (ie, chitetezo cha dziko) adayenera kuperekedwa kuti ateteze gombe la Prussia. Pambuyo pa kugonjetsedwa kwa Afalansa ku Sedan ndipo pambuyo pa kugwidwa kwa Napoleon III mwiniwake (September 2, 1870), mpanda uwu unachotsedwa, ndipo asilikaliwo adabwezedwa ku madoko awo kuti alimbikitse asilikali omwe akumenyana pamtunda.
Otsutsa
Bouvet (mayunitsi alongo Guichen ndi Bruat) adamangidwa ngati chidziwitso cha 2nd class (Aviso de 1866ème classe) ndicholinga chotumikira m'madera, kutali ndi madzi akunyumba. Okonza awo anali Vesinier ndi La Celle. Chifukwa cha njira zofananira zamaluso ndiukadaulo, zimatchulidwanso ngati bwato lamfuti, komanso m'mabuku a Anglo-Saxon ngati sloop. Mogwirizana ndi cholinga chake, inali sitima yapamadzi yothamanga kwambiri yokhala ndi chombo chachikulu komanso chochita bwino. Atangomaliza kumanga, mu June XNUMX, adatumizidwa kumadzi aku Mexico, komwe adakhala m'gulu lankhondo lomwe lidakhazikitsidwa kumeneko, ndikuthandizira ntchito za gulu lankhondo laku France.
Pambuyo pa kutha kwa "nkhondo ya ku Mexican" Bouvet anatumizidwa kumadzi a Haiti, kumene amayenera kuteteza zofuna za ku France, ngati n'koyenera, pa nthawi ya nkhondo yapachiweniweni m'dzikoli. Kuyambira March 1869, iye anali mosalekeza mu Martinique, kumene anagwidwa ndi chiyambi cha nkhondo Franco-Prussia.
Meteor inali imodzi mwa mabwato asanu ndi atatu amfuti a Chamäleon (Camäleon, malinga ndi E. Gröner) omwe anamangidwira Gulu Lankhondo Lapamadzi la Prussian mu 1860-1865. Zinali mtundu wokulirapo wa mabwato 15 amtundu wa Jäger omwe adatengera "boti zamfuti za ku Crimea" zaku Britain zomwe zidamangidwa pankhondo yaku Crimea (1853-1856). Monga iwo, mabwato amfuti a Chamaleon amatumizidwa kuti azigwira ntchito mozama m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Cholinga chawo chachikulu chinali kuthandizira asilikali awo apansi ndi kuwononga zolinga za m'mphepete mwa nyanja, kotero kuti anali ndi zipolopolo zazing'ono koma zomangidwa bwino, zomwe amatha kunyamula zida zamphamvu kwambiri pagawo la kukula kwake. Kuti athe kugwira ntchito bwino m'madzi osaya a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, anali ndi pansi, zomwe, komabe, zimasokoneza kwambiri kukwera kwawo panyanja m'madzi otseguka. Kuthamanga sikunalinso kolimba kwa mayunitsi awa, chifukwa, ngakhale kuti atha kufika pa mfundo 9, ndi mafunde okulirapo pang'ono, chifukwa cha kusayenda bwino panyanja, adatsika mpaka mfundo 6-7.
Chifukwa cha mavuto azachuma, kumaliza ntchito pa Meteor kunakulitsidwa mpaka 1869. Boti lamfutilo litayamba utumiki, mu September nthaŵi yomweyo linatumizidwa ku Caribbean, kumene linayenera kuimira zofuna za Germany. M’chilimwe cha 1870, iye anagwira ntchito m’madzi a ku Venezuela, ndipo kukhalapo kwake kunali, mwa zina, kusonkhezera boma la m’deralo kulipira thayo lawo ku boma la Prussia kale.
