Kubwezeretsanso liwiro ndi LED: malangizo a sitepe ndi sitepe

Chilema chomwe chimapezeka m'magalimoto akale chimawonedwa pakapita nthawi, momwe chimawonekera pang'onopang'ono: Speedometer yanu imayatsa mofooka komanso mochepera. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha mababu a incandescent, omwe amatha kupezekabe m'madashboard agalimoto. Yankho loyenera ndi gwero lowunikira lomwe lidzalowe m'malo mwa mababu achikhalidwe: ma LED.

Kodi ma LED ndi chiyani?

Kuwala kotulutsa kuwala ndi chidule cha Kuwala Kupititsa patsogolo , chinthu chamagetsi chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga kuwala. Munjira zambiri, zimasiyana ndi nyali za incandescent.

Diode ndi zomwe zimatchedwa semiconductor , zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimangoyendetsa zamakono mbali imodzi. Monga lamulo, posintha nyali za incandescent ndi ma LED, izi zilibe kanthu. .

Kuwala kwatsopano ali ndi polarity yolondola pafakitale. Ngati mukufuna kusintha kuunikira kwa gulu la zida ndi chitsulo chogulitsira, tcherani khutu ku zolembera. Ma LED ndi PCB nthawi zonse amakhala ndi chizindikiro . Momwe mungadziwire bwino polarity ndikupewa zolakwika za soldering zidzafotokozedwa motsatira.

Ubwino wa ma LED

Ma LED ali ndi zabwino zambiri kuposa nyali za incandescent. mwachitsanzo:

- moyo wautali wautumiki - kuchepa kwa kutentha pang'ono - kuunikira kowala - chitonthozo chowonjezera

Kutengera kusankha koyenera pakuyika ma LED amatha kukhala moyo wonse wagalimoto ndi zina zambiri. Choncho, zingakhale zoyenera thyola ma LED osinthidwa kuchokera pa Speedometer ndi siginecha pamene akunyamula galimoto. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mugalimoto yotsatira popanda vuto lililonse.

• Ma LED amawononga mphamvu zochepa kwambiri kuposa nyali za incandescent.
• Adzasintha mphamvu zambiri mu kuwala ndi kutulutsa kutentha kochepa. Izi zitha kukhala zopindulitsa pamalo opapatiza kuseri kwa gulu la dash.
• Ma LED amawala chowala kwambiri komanso champhamvu kwambiri kuposa nyali za incandescent popanda kutulutsa kutentha.

Osati zokhazo, ma LED amatha kuzimitsidwa momwe mukufunira.

• Ma LED a RGB atsopano kupereka chidwi kuyatsa zotsatira .
• RGB ndiyofupikitsa Buluu Wobiriwira Wofiira , mitundu yoyambirira yomwe imatha kupanga mtundu uliwonse wa kuwala.
• RGB LED ikhoza kusinthidwa kukhala mtundu womwe mumakonda kapena muunikire chopimitsira liwiro ndi chiwonetsero chowoneka bwino.

Kutembenuka kwa LED kwa oyamba kumene

Kutembenuza ma Speedometer kuchokera ku incandescent kupita ku ma LED ndikosavuta. Zonse zomwe mukufuna:

- malangizo ochotsera gulu la zida - zida zoyenera - nyali zovomerezeka - kuleza mtima ndi manja olimba

1.  Nyali za incandescent zimamangiriridwa kumbuyo kwa gulu la zida pogwiritsa ntchito zolumikizira zozungulira. Kuti mufike kwa iwo, muyenera kuchotsa gulu la zida.

• Malingana ndi mtundu wa galimoto, iyi ikhoza kukhala ntchito yovuta. . Mwa njira zonse, yesetsani kuchotsa chida chachitsulo popanda kuchotsa chiwongolero.
• Airbag imaphatikizidwa mu chiwongolero. Kuchotsa kumafuna ukatswiri waukadaulo .

2.  Pali zinthu ziwiri zomwe muyenera kukumbukira mukachotsa dashboard. Chophimba cha plexiglass ndi chowonda kwambiri ndipo chimatha kusweka mosavuta . Kutembenuka kwamagulu kovutirapo nthawi zambiri kumakhala kokwanira kuyambitsa kuphwanya. Tsoka ilo, chivundikirocho sichikupezeka ngati gawo lopatula. Njira yokhayo pano ndikuchezera malo osasangalatsa kapena kuyang'ana zotsatsa zamagulu. kuti mupeze cholowa cholowa.

3.  Galasi lazenera sayenera kuchotsedwa pochotsa mababu a incandescent ndi ma LED.

• Ngati yawonongeka kapena yagwetsedwa mwangozi musakhudze zoikamo ndi manja opanda kanthu.
• Chovala chakuda cha matte sichikugwirizana ndi thukuta la kanjedza.
• Mawangawo samachoka . Ma LED osinthika amapezekanso ngati ma LED osinthidwa , zomwe zikutanthauza kuti adasinthidwa kale ndi zowunikira zomwe zilipo.

Choncho, ndondomeko zotsatirazi tikulimbikitsidwa:

1. Chotsani liwiro lonse. 2. Gwiritsani ntchito speedometer pamalo ogwirira ntchito oyera monga tebulo. 3. Gwiritsani ntchito speedometer ndi magolovesi a thonje.

Pochotsa liwiro, nyali za incandescent zimachotsedwa ndi pliers ya singano. Soketi yotuluka imamangidwa ndikuzunguliridwa ndi 90 °. Ndiye ikhoza kuzulidwa.

Tsopano ma LED amaikidwa motsatira dongosolo, speedometer imayikidwa kachiwiri - okonzeka.

Kutembenuka kwa LED

Masiku ano, magalimoto ambiri ali ndi magetsi a LED pa speedometer pa fakitale.

Opanga ena, chifukwa chachuma, amagwiritsa ntchito nyali zamtundu wapakati. Chifukwa chake, zitha kuchitika kuti ma LED omwe amati amakhala kwanthawi yayitali amataya kuwala kwawo msanga kapena kulephera kwathunthu.

Kusintha kwawo kumakhala kovuta kwambiri ndipo kuyenera kukonzedwa bwino pasadakhale.

Pali njira ziwiri zosinthira speedometer:

- Kusintha kwa zida zogulitsidwa. - Kusintha kwa mizere ya LED.

Kusintha ma LED ogulitsidwa ndi njira yolondola komanso yotetezeka ndi chidziwitso chokwanira. Ngati mutaukira dashboard mosasankha ndi chitsulo chosungunuka, mutha kuwononga kwambiri. Chofunikira kwambiri pakugulitsa ma LED ndi polarity. .

Ndidzanena pasadakhale: ngakhale kusinthika kwa polarity sikungapangitse chingwe kuyatsa, diode sigwira ntchito. Ngati simunazindikire izi musanakhazikitsenso speedometer, ntchito yonseyo inali pachabe.

Kutsimikiza kwa polarity ya LED

Ma LED a SMD okha ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunikira dashboard.

• SMD imayimira Surface Mount Device ,ndi. chigawocho ndi soldered mwachindunji kwa PCB pamwamba.

Mapangidwe achikhalidwe Zigawo zambiri zamagetsi zimakhala ndi zikhomo zomwe ziyenera kuyikidwa mu mabowo pa PCB ndikugulitsidwa kumbuyo. Mapangidwe awa ndi ovuta kwambiri ndipo makamaka osayenera kusonkhana pawokha, mocheperapo pakupanga pamanja. Kwa zolinga za DIY »Ma LED okhala ndi ma pini akadalipo.

Polarity imatsimikiziridwa ndi kutalika kwa zolumikizana:

• Kutalika ndi anode kapena mzati wabwino
• The wamfupi cathode kapena negative pole .
• Malo awo amasonyezedwa pa bolodi losindikizidwa ndi zizindikiro + kapena - kapena, mosiyana, ndi zilembo "A" kapena "C".
• Zikhomo zimadulidwa pambuyo pa soldering, kotero ma Pin LED omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito sangathe kugwiritsidwanso ntchito.

1. Kugulitsa SMD ndikosavuta. . Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo ziwiri zotsekemera. SMD imawotcha pamitengo yonse iwiri ndikuyika pambali pakadutsa masekondi angapo .
2. Soldering ndizovuta . Komabe, zizindikiro za SMD polarity ndizodziwikiratu: SMD nthawi zonse imasowa ngodya .

Ngodya yosowayi yalembedwa pa PCB ndi chizindikiro . SMD imayikidwa kumbali yozungulira, kusonyeza ngodya yosowa, kuthetsa khalidwelo.

Kuyika ma SMD onse pa Speedometer, yomwe ili ndi ma LED, idzatenga maola angapo. Zinthu - zida zoyenera, dzanja lolimba, mikhalidwe yabwino yogwirira ntchito komanso chidziwitso chachikulu.  Pali njira ina yomwe ikufunika ntchito, koma ikhoza kubweretsa zotsatira zogwira mtima.

Kutembenuza ma LED okhala ndi Zingwe Zowala

Ma LED, makamaka ma RGB LED, amapezekanso mu zomwe zimatchedwa kuwala n'kupanga ndi SMD yogulitsidwa kwa iwo. Maulendowa akhoza kudulidwa kulikonse. Ambiri zopangira tokha sinthani kutembenuka kwawo kukhala LED motere:

- Chotsani gulu la zida. - Chotsani zenera pazida. -Mata chingwe cha LED m'mphepete. - Lumikizani chingwe cha LED kudera la dashboard. - Ikaninso zonse.

• Galasi lawindo liyenera kuchotsedwa pa bolodi kotero muyenera kuvala  magolovesi a thonje .
• Dashboard tsopano ili ndi kuyatsa kosalunjika kozungulira . Yankho ili likugwirizana pakuwunikira kosangalatsa kwa rev gauge, wotchi, Speedometer, kutentha kwa injini ndi zida zina zonse zamanja.
• Njirayi ilibe zida zowongolera ma siginecha, kuyang'ana  zizindikiro  injini, kutentha kwa injini, batire panopa, ABS ndi airbag zizindikiro .
• Apa mumadalira magetsi achikhalidwe.