Kukonzanso kansalu ndi zida zamawaya - buku

Sikuti magalimoto onse ali ndi vuto la fakitale, mwina chifukwa izi sizinaganiziridwe poyitanitsa galimoto kapena mwiniwake woyamba sanafune. Tsopano mukuganiza zobwezeretsanso hitch yanu. Koma kuyang'ana chiyani? Bukuli limapereka chithunzithunzi chaukadaulo wokokera ngolo ndi momwe zinthu ziliri.

Zofunikira pakuyika tow bar

Hook - chinthu chothandiza . Komabe, luso lapita patsogolo kwambiri ndi ngolo hitches komanso. Kwa zaka zingapo zapitazi, mawaya okwera pamabwalo akwera kwambiri, ndipo malamulo oyendetsera galimoto ndi kalavani akhala akuvuta kwambiri.

Nkhaniyi ili ndi mitu yotsatirayi yokhudzana ndi kukonzanso kansalu kokhala ndi zida zamawaya:

1. Chilolezo choyendetsa galimoto chokoka ngolo mumsewu wapamsewu 2. Zosiyanasiyana kalavani hitch options 3. Zowonjezera zowonjezera za zida za wiring 4. Kuika towbar yokhala ndi zida zodzipangira nokha

1. Ufulu wokoka ngolo: zomwe zili zovomerezeka m'dziko lathu

Chilolezo chathunthu cha gulu B chimakupatsani mwayi woyendetsa galimoto kapena van yolemera kwambiri mpaka 3500 kg, kukokera kalavani yokhala ndi mphamvu zochulukirapo mpaka 750 kg ngati mutapambana mayeso anu oyendetsa pa Januware 1 kapena pambuyo pake, 1997 . Kapenanso, mumaloledwa kukoka ngolo yokhala ndi MAM yoposa 750 kg , ngati MAM wamba wa ngolo ndi thirakitala osapitirira 3500 kg .

Ngati mukufuna kukoka masitima olemera kwambiri, onetsetsani kuti mwatsata njira zomwe zili patsamba la Home Office pokokera ngolo. Mutha kulembetsa laisensi yakanthawi yamagalimoto apakati ndi ngolo. Mukadutsa mayeso agalimoto, mutha kuyesa mayeso oyendetsa kupeza gulu la layisensi yoyendetsa galimoto C1+E . Musanagule ndikuyika chowongolera chowongolera, yang'anani laisensi yanu yoyendetsera kalavani yomwe mukufuna kukoka ndikufunsira laisensi yofunikira ngati kuli kofunikira.

Kumbukirani kuti chilolezo chokwanira choyendetsa galimoto ndi chokwanira kunyamula njinga.

2. Zosankha zingapo za towbar

Mtengo wofunikira pakulumikiza ma trailer ndiwo kuchuluka kovomerezeka kololedwa, mwachitsanzo, katundu wolumikizana ndi ngolo. NDI ngolo ndi magalimoto kukhala ndi katundu wovomerezeka.

The pazipita zololeka katundu pa galimoto , monga lamulo, amasonyezedwa mu chiphaso cholembera galimoto malinga ngati galimotoyo ili ndi chokokera ndi wopanga .

2.1 Kutsata katundu wololedwa wagalimoto ndi towbar

Pali zosiyana: mitundu ingapo yapamwamba, magalimoto othamanga ndi magalimoto osakanizidwa (motor yamagetsi yophatikizidwa ndi injini yoyaka mkati) .

• Ngati zikalata zolembetsa zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kovomerezeka , ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa pakati pa zotengera zomwe zili ndi chizindikiro cha CE kapena popanda.
• Ngati towbar ili ndi chizindikiro cha CE , mukungofunika kusunga zikalata za towbar pafupi.
• Sungani zikalata mu chipinda cha magolovesi . Pamagalimoto ndi ma towbar opanda katundu wovomerezeka, funsani ku MOT kapena DEKRA service center.

Katswiriyo akhoza kulimbikira kukhazikitsa kuyimitsidwa kolimbikitsidwa pa chitsulo chakumbuyo . Kuti mudziwe izi, sitima yapamsewu imawunikiridwa poyesa mtunda pakati pa kugunda kwa ngolo ndi pansi.

Iye ayenera kukhala ali mkati mkati mwa 350 - 420 mm . Kuonjezera apo, kukweza kowonjezera kwa thirakitala kuyenera kuperekedwa. Katundu wololedwa amachotsedwa pamlingo wovomerezeka wowonjezera wowonjezera.

2.2 Mipiringidzo yapadera yama ngolo zanjinga

Pali kusiyana kwina pakati pa ngolo zomwe zilipo .

• Zina zowotcha ngolo sizinapangidwe kuti zikhale ngolo yeniyeni, koma mayendedwe apanjinga .
• M'malo mwa chipangizo cholumikizira popanda chizindikiro cha CE mutha kupeza mbiri yogwiritsa ntchito ngolo yanjinga pamapepala anu olembetsa.
• Opanga amapereka wotchipa couplers za ngolo, makamaka zoyenera ngolo zanjinga.

3. Matembenuzidwe aukadaulo a towbar

Kwa mitundu yaukadaulo yama towbars, pali:

- mbedza yolimba
- chokoka mbedza
- swivel tow hoook

3.1 Ma towbar olimba

Zokokera zolimba nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotsika mtengo kwambiri komanso zimakhala ndi katundu wambiri. . Kusiyana pakati pa ngolo zotsika mtengo kwambiri ndi zodula zolimba zolimba za ngolo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosatheka kuzizindikira poyang'ana koyamba.Kusiyana mu mtengo zimadalira mtundu wa aloyi zitsulo ntchito, koma makamaka pa dzimbiri chitetezo. Pankhani imeneyi, opanga osiyanasiyana amapanga zosankha zosiyanasiyana.

3.2 Ma towbar ochotsedwa

Zokokera zochotseka zafala kwambiri. Iwo amakulolani inu kuchotsa mutu wanu kupanga towbar kukhala wosawoneka .

Malingana ndi mtundu wa zomangamanga Mbali ya mbedza yokokerako imatha kuwoneka pansi pa bampa. Zokokera zochotseka zokwezedwa molunjika kapena mopingasa .

• Oyima detachable drawbar zipangizo nthawi zambiri zobisika kuseri kwa bumper.
• Zina amayikidwa mu mawonekedwe a square pansi pa bumper ndikutetezedwa.

Langizo la zokoka zokoka: si aliyense amene amasankha kuchotsa kwanthawizonse chokokerako . Kupatulapo zochepa, lamulo silifuna kuti mbedza zokokera zichotsedwe ngati sizikugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Komabe , ili ndi malo otuwa mwalamulo popeza sipanakhalepo zoyambira zamalamulo mpaka pano. Kusiya kugunda kwa ngoloyo kumawonjezera ngozi ya ngozi komanso kuwonongeka komwe kungatheke. Kugundana ndi galimoto ina mukubwerera kumbuyo, kapena ngati galimotoyo itawombana ndi kumbuyo kwa galimoto yanu, kugunda kwa trailer kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu. .

3.3 Malo ozungulira

Zokokera zozungulira zimangogwedezeka pansi komanso osawoneka. Dongosololi ndi latsopano. Mpaka pano, sanathe kudzitsimikizira yekha.

3.4 Zowonjezereka za zida zamawaya

Mtundu wa zida zolumikizira zimadalira galimoto . Kusiyana kuli pakati pa mitundu yakale yokhala ndi ma wiring achikhalidwe ndi magalimoto okhala ndi makina a digito.

Yotsirizira yatero CAN mabasi ,ndi. chingwe chachiwiri chomwe chimayendetsa ntchito zonse. Zambiri mwazosiyana zimachitika pakati Makina a mabasi a CAN , malingana ndi kupanga kapena chitsanzo cha galimotoyo.

Magalimoto okhala ndi CAN nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mawaya okoka . Magalimoto ena amafuna kuti gawo lowongolera lizitsegulidwa pambuyo polumikiza gawo lowongolera ma trailer ndi zingwe zake. Izi zitha kuchitika kokha ndi msonkhano wovomerezeka wa wopanga. Zingakhale zofunikira kugwirizanitsa zowongolera kuti muyimitse chithandizo choyimitsa magalimoto.

M'magalimoto akale ndi mawaya osavuta, powonjezera zida zolumikizira, chingwe chowunikira ndi nyali yochenjeza za ngolo ziyenera kusinthidwanso. Nthawi zambiri, ma waya amaphatikizidwa ndi zinthu izi.

3.5 Kusankha socket yoyenera: 7-pin kapena 13-pin

Kuwonjezera apo , mukhoza kuyitanitsa zofanana zida zolumikizira ndi ma 7-pin kapena 13-pini cholumikizira . Malumikizidwe owonjezera ndi ofunikira kwa ma trailer ena monga apaulendo. Kuphatikiza pa mawaya, amatha kukhala ndi magetsi okhazikika komanso othamangitsa ( mwachitsanzo poika mabatire otha kuchajwanso ).

Ma trailer osavuta kwambiri okha ndi omwe ali oyenera pulagi ya 7-pin popanda zina zowonjezera .

Popeza zofunikira zimatha kusintha ndipo kusiyana kwamitengo sikungakhale kofunikira, timalimbikitsa zida zamawaya okhala ndi socket 13 . Pogwiritsa ntchito adaputala, socket yamapini 13 imatha kulumikizidwa ndi pulagi ya trailer ya pini 7.

4. Kuyika kwa towbar

4.1 Kuyika mawaya

Kuyendera garaja ya akatswiri kungakhale kopindulitsa, makamaka za wiring kit. Makamaka mabasi a CAN, kulumikizana kolakwika kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu komanso kokwera mtengo. Apo ayi zosavuta 7-pini zolumikizira nthawi zambiri amalumikizidwa ndi waya wowunikira kumbuyo ( chizindikiro chotembenukira, kuwala kwa brake, kuwala kwa mchira, kuwala kwa chifunga chakumbuyo ndi kuwala kobwerera kumbuyo ).

Choyikacho chiyenera kukhala ndi bukhu lokhazikitsira lomwe lili ndi chithunzi chatsatanetsatane chamagetsi.

4.2 Kukhazikitsa towbar

Malangizo oyika amaphatikizidwa ndi ngolo iliyonse yapamwamba kwambiri .

Komabe, kukhazikitsa ndi kosavuta.
- Kukweza galimoto kapena kukonza dzenje kumalimbikitsidwa. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma jacks, galimotoyo iyenera kukhazikika ndi ma axle stands.

Tsopano unsembe n'zosavuta.
- Ma towbars amapangidwa pansi pagalimoto. Malo olumikizirana amakonzedwa m'njira yoti mabowo obowola omwe ali kale.

- Iwo ali pa maziko chimango kapena reinforcements pansi.

- Kwa magalimoto opanda msewu ndi magalimoto opanda msewu okhala ndi chimango cha makwerero, chowotcha cha trailer chimangolowetsedwa pakati pa chimango cha makwerero ndikumangika mwamphamvu.

- Magalimoto ena onse ali kale ndi mabowo obowola, chifukwa magalimotowa amathanso kuyitanitsa ndi chokokera.