Kukhalitsa ndikofunikira kuposa kuwala, zomwe timadziwa za mababu.

Kuunikira koyenera kwagalimoto ndikofunikira kwambiri pachitetezo, akuti madalaivala omwe adachita nawo kafukufukuyu. Tsoka ilo, ngakhale izi, ambiri a iwo amadziwabe pang'ono za momwe angasankhire bwino ndikugwiritsa ntchito kuyatsa.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku yemwe adachitika mu Ogasiti ndi ARC Rynek i Opinia Research Institute yotumizidwa ndi OSRAM, si madalaivala onse aku Poland omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chokwanira pakuwunikira magalimoto. Pakadali pano, nyali zosagwirizana, zowoneka molakwika, kapena zowombedwa zitha kuyambitsa ngozi kapena ngozi, makamaka popeza masiku akucheperachepera ndipo timayendetsa pakada mdima pafupipafupi.

Kuyatsa ndikofunikira, komabe tili ndi zambiri zoti tichite

Madalaivala aku Poland amawona kuyatsa ngati chinthu chachitatu chofunikira kwambiri pachitetezo chagalimoto. Mndandanda wa zigawo zikuluzikulu zikuphatikizapo mabuleki ndi chiwongolero, komanso malamba ndi airbags. Ngakhale 90 peresenti mwa omwe adafunsidwa adavomereza kuti samayendetsa popanda magetsi, izi ndi pafupifupi 80 peresenti. ofunsidwa nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi magalimoto opanda magetsi pamsewu.

Ngakhale madalaivala amva zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mababu agalimoto, kugula kwawo kumatsogozedwa ndi zomwe zidachitika kale (39%) ndi mtengo (33%). Mmodzi yekha mwa anayi amalabadira chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakuwunikira bwino, zomwe ndi magawo a mababu, i.e. kuwala kochulukirapo, kosiyanasiyana kapena koyera. Komanso, 83 peresenti. mwa omwe adafunsidwa adatchula kulimba ngati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pamababu agalimoto. Zachidziwikire, nyali zakutsogolo zikatalikirapo, mavuto amachepa ndikusintha kwawo, kukonza ndi kuyendera msonkhanowo. Koma magwero owunikira omwe amatulutsa kuwala kochulukirapo amathandizira kuyendetsa bwino komanso chitetezo.

Yang'anani ndi kuwona

Pakadali pano, kusiyanitsa ndikofunikira kwambiri pakuwona bwino.

- Ngati ndi yaying'ono kwambiri, kuthekera kowona bwino zinthu ndikuzisiyanitsa kuchokera kumbuyo sikutsimikizika. Ngakhale dalaivala atasuntha kuyang'ana ku chinthu chofanana, chizindikiro cha msewu, woyenda pansi kapena wokwera njinga m'mphepete mwa msewu, muzochitika zotere amatha kuwona, koma osawona, ndiye kuti, sangazindikire zoopsazo ndipo adzatero. osayendetsa bwino, akufotokoza Dr. Adam Trapkowski, ophthalmologist, MD Sciences.

Choncho, zinthu zomwe zimasokoneza masomphenya ndi kusiyanitsa bwino ziyenera kuchepetsedwa kapena kuchotsedwa. Nyali zakutsogolo zopezeka bwino zokhala ndi mababu omwe amapereka kuwala kowala, kofanana ndi masana, amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri.

Kuti muwone bwino ndikuyenda bwino, tisaiwale za kukonza zolakwika zomwe zilipo, monga myopia, hyperopia kapena astigmatism. M'nyengo yamadzulo, pamene wophunzira akukula, amawonekera kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyezetsa maso nthawi ndi nthawi kuti musaphatikizepo matenda omwe amakhudza masomphenya amdima, kapena kuyamba kulandira chithandizo msanga.

Maso si onse

- Kuunikira kumakhudza moyo wabwino, psyche, malingaliro amalingaliro komanso ngakhale machitidwe a thupi. Osati kokha zomwe timawona ndizofunikira, komanso momwe timazionera. Masomphenya amatipatsa chidziwitso chochuluka kuposa mphamvu zina zonse pamodzi. Kusakwanira kwa kuwala kungathe kuchepetsa kwambiri maonekedwe athu, akutero Dr. Andrzej Markowski, katswiri wa zamaganizo, wachiwiri kwa pulezidenti wa Association of Traffic Psychologists ku Poland.

Ndikoyenera kuzindikira kuti usiku nthawi yochitira dalaivala yemwe ali ndi mphamvu zambiri zama psychomotor ndi nthawi yayitali katatu kuposa masana. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, timadziwa zambiri zochepera katatu. Pambuyo pa maola awiri akuyendetsa galimoto mosalekeza usiku, timachita ngati tili ndi 0,5 ppm ya mowa m'magazi athu, ndipo pambuyo pa maola 4,5 - 1 ppm. Zotsatira za kuwonongeka kwa maso ndi kutopa kwamanjenje, kuwonetseredwa ndi kugona mwadzidzidzi, kumva kukwiya, kupweteka kwambiri pakhosi, ndipo nthawi zina nseru.

Usiku, pamene kuwala kwachuluka, ngozi zimachitika ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu kuposa masana. Tsoka ilo, sitilabadira kusintha kwa nyali - 36 peresenti yokha. madalaivala ayang'ane pambuyo pa kusintha kwa babu. Atafunsidwa momwe timachitira, 44 peresenti. adavomereza kuti amawayesa pamalo opangira matenda kapena kuntchito, koma opitilira gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a madalaivala amazichita okha. Ndipo izi nthawi zambiri zimatanthauza kuti nyali yotereyi imawala molakwika - yotsika kwambiri kapena kuchititsa khungu ena ogwiritsa ntchito msewu.

Ubwino ndi chitetezo, kapena chifukwa chake simuyenera kusunga

Kuunikira koyenera kwa msewu ndikofunikira pachitetezo chamsewu. Ndikofunika kusankha mababu abwino, kuyeretsa ndikusintha nyali ndikuteteza dongosolo kuti lisawonongeke. Chivomerezo chiyenera kukhala chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pankhani ya khalidwe, osanenapo kuti kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi osavomerezeka kunja ndikoletsedwa. Komabe, theka la madalaivala ndi theka lokha la madalaivala omwe amasamala ngati katundu amene amagula amaloledwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Komanso, pafupifupi 92 peresenti. mwa omwe adafunsidwa sakudziwa chizindikiro chomwe kulolerako kumalembedwa (tikulankhula za chizindikiro cha E1).

Posankha magwero a kuwala, kumbukirani kuti mfundo zazikulu za chitetezo ndi zomwe timachita sizili kutsogolo kwa hood, koma 50 m ndi 75 m kumanja kwa msewu ndi 50 m kutsogolo kwa galimoto. Kuwala kowonjezereka kumatanthauza kuti malowo adzakhala owala kwambiri. 20 peresenti yokha. kuwala kwambiri pa mfundozi kungachititse kuti nthawi ya mdima mutakhala katatu kapena kawiri kuposa masana, ndiko kusiyana kwakukulu. Pali mababu pamsika omwe, poyerekeza ndi zinthu zokhazikika, amakhala ndi zochulukirapo mpaka 40 m, ndipo m'malo omwe ali ndi udindo kuchokera pachitetezo, amawunikira msewu mpaka 110%. chowala. Amaperekanso 20 peresenti. kuwala koyera kuposa mababu anthawi zonse, zomwe zimathandizira kuyendetsa bwino pochepetsa kutopa kwamaso popanga tinjira, zikwangwani zamagalimoto kapena anthu omwe akuyenda mumsewu kuti aziwoneka bwino.

Kafukufukuyu anachitidwa ndi ARC Rynek i Opinia Research Institute yomwe inatumizidwa ndi OSRAM mu August 2014 pa gulu loyimira madalaivala a 514 a ku Poland, omwe aliyense amagwiritsa ntchito galimoto kamodzi pa sabata.