Chifukwa chiyani timafunikira ma crossovers mu chigawo cha acoustics?

Mukayika makina amakono a stereo m'galimoto, mwiniwake ayenera kusankha crossover yoyenera. Sizovuta kuchita izi ngati mutadziwa kaye zomwe zili, zomwe zimapangidwira, komanso ngati gawo la machitidwe oyankhula.

Cholinga

⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ Crossover ndi chipangizo chapadera pamakina a okamba nkhani, opangidwa kuti akonzekerere zomwe zimafunikira kwa aliyense wa olankhula omwe adayikidwa. Zotsirizirazi zidapangidwa kuti zizigwira ntchito mkati mwa ma frequency angapo. Kutulutsa kwafupipafupi kwa siginecha yoperekedwa kwa wokamba nkhani kunja kwamtunduwu kumatha kupangitsa, pang'ono, kusokoneza mawu opangidwanso, mwachitsanzo:

1. ngati kutsika kwafupipafupi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, chithunzi cha phokoso chidzasokonezedwa;
2. Ngati ma frequency okwera kwambiri agwiritsidwa ntchito, mwiniwake wa stereo sangakumane ndi kusokonekera kokha, komanso kulephera kwa tweeter (tweeter).

Pazikhalidwe zabwinobwino, ntchito ya tweeter ndikungotulutsa mawu okwera kwambiri, otsika, motsatana, otsika. Gulu lapakati limadyetsedwa mpaka pakati-woofer - wokamba nkhani yemwe amayang'anira phokoso la ma frequency apakati.

Kutengera zomwe tafotokozazi, kuti mubweretsenso ma audio agalimoto ndipamwamba kwambiri, ndikofunikira kusankha ma frequency oyenerera ndikuyika kwa okamba enieni. Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli, crossover imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Chipangizo cha Crossover

Mwadongosolo, crossover imaphatikizapo zosefera pafupipafupi zomwe zimagwira ntchito motere: mwachitsanzo, ngati ma frequency a crossover akhazikitsidwa ku 1000 Hz, zosefera imodzi imasankha ma frequency pansi pa chizindikirochi. Ndipo chachiwiri ndikukonza ma frequency band okha omwe amapitilira chizindikirocho. Zosefera zili ndi mayina awo: otsika-pass - pokonza ma frequency pansi pa chikwi cha hertz; hi-pass - pokonza ma frequency pamwamba pa chikwi cha hertz.

Choncho, mfundo imene njira ziwiri crossover ntchito zinaperekedwa pamwambapa. Palinso njira zitatu pamsika. Kusiyana kwakukulu, monga momwe dzinalo limatanthawuzira, ndi fyuluta yachitatu yomwe imayendetsa gulu lapakati lapakati, kuchokera ku hertz mazana asanu ndi limodzi mpaka asanu.

M'malo mwake, kukulitsa njira zosefera za gulu la mawu, ndiyeno kuzidyetsa kwa okamba oyenerera, kumabweretsa kutulutsa kwabwino komanso kwachilengedwe mkati mwagalimoto.

Zolemba zamakono

Ma crossovers ambiri amakono ali ndi inductors ndi capacitors. Kutengera kuchuluka ndi mtundu wamapangidwe a zinthuzi, mtengo wa chinthu chomalizidwa umatsimikiziridwa. Chifukwa chake ndi chakuti izi ndizosavuta zogwira ntchito. Amakonza ma frequency osiyanasiyana a siginecha yamawu popanda zovuta zambiri.

Ma capacitor amatha kudzipatula ndikukonza ma frequency apamwamba, pomwe ma coil amafunikira kuti aziwongolera ma frequency otsika. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu izi, chifukwa chake, mutha kupeza fyuluta yosavuta kwambiri. Palibe zomveka kusanthula malamulo ovuta afizikiki ndikupereka fanizo monga chitsanzo. Aliyense amene akufuna kuti adziŵe maziko a chiphunzitso mwatsatanetsatane angapeze zambiri m'mabuku kapena pa intaneti. Ndikokwanira kwa akatswiri a mbiri kuti atsitsimutse kukumbukira mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito maukonde amtundu wa LC-CL.

Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zogwira ntchito kumakhudza mphamvu ya crossover. Nambala 1 imayimira chinthu chimodzi, 2 - motsatana, ziwiri. Kutengera kuchuluka ndi njira yolumikizira zinthu, makinawa amasefa ma frequency osayenera panjira inayake m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Ndizomveka kuganiza kuti zinthu zowonjezereka zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimapangitsa kuti kusefera kukhala bwino. Zosafunikira zosefera pafupipafupi panjira inayake zili ndi mawonekedwe ake ake otchedwa roll-off slope.

Zosefera zili ndi chibadwa chodula ma frequency osafunika pang'onopang'ono, osati nthawi yomweyo.

Zimatchedwa sensitivity. Kutengera chizindikiro ichi, mankhwala amagawidwa m'magulu anayi:

• zitsanzo za dongosolo loyamba;
• zitsanzo zachiwiri;
• zitsanzo za dongosolo lachitatu;
• zitsanzo za dongosolo lachinayi.

Kusiyana pakati pa ma crossovers omwe amagwira ntchito ndi osagwira ntchito

Tiyeni tiyambe kufananitsa ndi crossover passive. Zimadziwika pochita kuti crossover passive ndiyo mitundu yodziwika bwino komanso yodziwika bwino pamsika. Kutengera dzinali, mutha kumvetsetsa kuti zongokhala sizifuna mphamvu zowonjezera. Chifukwa chake, ndikosavuta komanso mwachangu kuti mwini galimotoyo akhazikitse zidazo m'galimoto yake. Koma, mwatsoka, kuthamanga sikuti nthawi zonse kumatsimikizira mtundu.

Chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chokhazikika cha dera, dongosololi liyenera kutenga mphamvu zina kuchokera ku fyuluta kuti zitsimikizire kugwira ntchito kwake. Pachifukwa ichi, zinthu zowonongeka zimakonda kusintha kusintha kwa gawo. Zachidziwikire, ichi sichiri chovuta kwambiri, koma mwiniwake sangathe kuwongolera ma frequency.

Ma crossovers ogwira ntchito amakulolani kuti muchotse vutoli. Chowonadi ndi chakuti, ngakhale kuti ndizovuta kwambiri kuposa zongokhala, mtsinje wa audio umasefedwa bwino kwambiri mwa iwo. Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa ma coil ndi ma capacitor okha, komanso zinthu zina zowonjezera za semiconductor, opanga adatha kuchepetsa kwambiri kukula kwa chipangizocho.

Sizipezeka kawirikawiri ngati zida zosiyana, koma mu amplifier yamagalimoto aliwonse, monga gawo lofunikira, pali fyuluta yogwira. Chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chokhazikika cha dera, dongosololi liyenera kutenga mphamvu zina kuchokera ku fyuluta kuti zitsimikizire kugwira ntchito kwake. Pachifukwa ichi, zinthu zowonongeka zimakonda kusintha kusintha kwa gawo. Zachidziwikire, ichi sichiri chovuta kwambiri, koma mwiniwake sangathe kuwongolera ma frequency.

Ma crossovers ogwira ntchito amakulolani kuti muchotse vutoli. Chowonadi ndi chakuti, ngakhale kuti ndizovuta kwambiri kuposa zongokhala, mtsinje wa audio umasefedwa bwino kwambiri mwa iwo. Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa ma coil ndi ma capacitor okha, komanso zinthu zina zowonjezera za semiconductor, opanga adatha kuchepetsa kwambiri kukula kwa chipangizocho.

Sizipezeka kawirikawiri ngati zida zosiyana, koma mu amplifier yamagalimoto aliwonse, monga gawo lofunikira, pali fyuluta yogwira.

Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mudziwe bwino mutu womwe uli pansipa "Momwe mungalumikizire ndikuyika Twitter molondola".

Zosintha mwamakonda

Kuti mupeze zomvera zamagalimoto apamwamba kwambiri, muyenera kusankha ma frequency olondola. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito crossover yanjira zitatu, ma frequency awiri odulira ayenera kufotokozedwa. Mfundo yoyamba idzalemba mzere pakati pa otsika ndi apakatikati pafupipafupi, chachiwiri - malire pakati pa sing'anga ndi apamwamba. Musanalumikizane ndi crossover, mwiniwake wa galimotoyo ayenera kukumbukira nthawi zonse kuti m'pofunika kusankha bwino mawonekedwe afupipafupi a wokamba nkhani.

Nthawi zonse sayenera kudyetsedwa ma frequency omwe sangathe kugwira ntchito bwino. Apo ayi, sizidzangoyambitsa kuwonongeka kwa khalidwe labwino, komanso kuchepa kwa moyo wautumiki.

Chithunzi cha Passive crossover wiring

Video: Kodi audio crossover ndi chiyani?

Pomaliza

Tachita khama kwambiri popanga nkhaniyi, kuyesera kuilemba m'chinenero chosavuta komanso chomveka. Koma zili ndi inu kusankha ngati tinachita kapena ayi. Ngati mudakali ndi mafunso, pangani mutu pa "Forum", ife ndi gulu lathu laubwenzi tidzakambirana mwatsatanetsatane ndikupeza yankho labwino kwambiri. 

Ndipo potsiriza, mukufuna kuthandiza polojekitiyi? Lembetsani ku gulu lathu la Facebook.