DisplayPort kapena HDMI - kusankha iti? Ndi cholumikizira vidiyo iti chomwe chili bwinoko?

Sikuti hardware yokha imakhudza kwambiri machitidwe a makompyuta. Ngakhale khadi la zithunzi, purosesa, ndi kuchuluka kwa RAM zimatsimikizira zomwe wogwiritsa ntchito akudziwa, zingwe zimapanganso kusiyana kwakukulu. Lero tiwona zingwe zamakanema - DisplayPort ndi HDMI yodziwika bwino. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pawo ndipo zimakhudza bwanji kugwiritsa ntchito zida zatsiku ndi tsiku?

DisplayPort - zambiri zokhudzana ndi mawonekedwe 

Zodziwika bwino za mayankho awiriwa ndikuti onse ndi mawonekedwe a digito otumizira deta. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofalitsa ma audio ndi makanema. DisplayPort idakhazikitsidwa mu 2006 kudzera muzoyeserera za VESA, Video Electronics Standards Association. Cholumikizira ichi chimatha kufalitsa ndi kutulutsa mawu kuchokera kumodzi mpaka anayi otchedwa mizere yopatsirana, ndipo idapangidwa kuti ilumikizane ndi kompyuta ndi chowunikira ndi zowonetsera zina zakunja monga mapurojekiti, zowonera zazikulu, ma TV anzeru ndi zida zina. Ndikoyenera kutsindika kuti kulankhulana kwawo kumachokera ku mgwirizano, kusinthanitsa deta.

 

HDMI ndi yakale komanso yotchuka kwambiri. Chofunika kudziwa ndi chiyani?

High Definition Multimedia Interface ndi yankho lomwe linapangidwa mu 2002 mogwirizana ndi makampani asanu ndi awiri akuluakulu (kuphatikizapo Sony, Toshiba ndi Technicolor). Monga mng'ono wake, ndi chida digito posamutsa Audio ndi mavidiyo kuchokera kompyuta kunja zipangizo. Ndi HDMI, tikhoza kulumikiza chipangizo chilichonse wina ndi mzake, ngati apangidwa motsatira muyezo uwu. Makamaka, tikukamba za masewera a masewera, osewera DVD ndi Blu-Ray ndi zipangizo zina. Akuti makampani opitilira 1600 padziko lonse lapansi akupanga zida pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwewa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale imodzi mwamayankho otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Kupezeka kwa DisplayPort pazida zosiyanasiyana 

Choyamba, zonse zomwe zimatumizidwa kudzera mu mawonekedwewa zimatetezedwa kuti zisakopere mosavomerezeka pogwiritsa ntchito muyezo wa DPCP (DisplayPort Content Protection). Zomvera ndi makanema otetezedwa motere zimafalitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwa mitundu itatu yolumikizira: DisplayPort yokhazikika (yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwa zina, pama projekiti amitundu yosiyanasiyana kapena makadi ojambula, komanso oyang'anira), Mini DisplayPort, yolembedwanso ndi chidule cha mDP kapena MiniDP (yopangidwa ndi Apple ya MacBook, iMac, Mac Mini ndi Mac Pro, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pazida zonyamula kuchokera kumakampani monga Microsoft, DELL ndi Lenovo), komanso DisplayPort yaying'ono pazida zing'onozing'ono zam'manja (zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mufoni ndi zina. mapiritsi a mapiritsi).

Tsatanetsatane waukadaulo wa mawonekedwe a DisplayPort

Zosangalatsa momwe mungalumikizire laputopu kuti muyang'anire pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe awa, zomwe zafotokozedwazo sizingalumphe. Mibadwo yake iwiri yatsopano idapangidwa mu 2014 (1.3) ndi 2016 (1.4). Amapereka njira zotsatirazi zosamutsa deta:

Mtundu wa 1.3

Pafupifupi 26Gbps bandwidth imapereka malingaliro a 1920x1080 (Full HD) ndi 2560x1440 (QHD/2K) pa 240Hz, 120Hz ya 4K ndi 30Hz ya 8K,

Mtundu wa 1.4 

Kuwonjezeka kwa bandwidth mpaka 32,4 Gbps kumatsimikiziranso khalidwe lomwelo monga momwe adakhazikitsira pa Full HD, QHD/2K ndi 4K. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pawo ndikutha kuwonetsa zithunzi mumtundu wa 8K pa 60 Hz pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wopatsira kanema wopanda kutaya wotchedwa DSC (Display Stream Compression).

Miyezo yam'mbuyomu monga 1.2 idapereka mitengo yotsika. Momwemonso, mtundu waposachedwa wa DisplayPort, womwe unatulutsidwa mu 2019, umapereka bandwidth mpaka 80 Gbps, koma kukhazikitsidwa kwake kokulirapo sikuyenera kuchitika.

Mitundu ya cholumikizira cha HDMI ndi kupezeka kwake 

Kutumiza kwa ma audio ndi makanema malinga ndi muyezo uwu kumachitika pamizere inayi, ndipo pulagi yake ili ndi mapini 19. Pali mitundu isanu ya zolumikizira za HDMI pamsika, ndipo zitatu zodziwika kwambiri zimasiyana mofanana ndi DisplayPort. Izi ndi izi: lembani A (mulingo wa HDMI pazida monga mapurojekitala, ma TV kapena makadi ojambula), mtundu B (ie mini HDMI, yomwe nthawi zambiri imapezeka mu laputopu kapena ma netbook omwe akuzimiririka ndi kagawo kakang'ono ka zida zam'manja) ndikulemba C (micro- HDMI ). HDMI, imapezeka pamapiritsi kapena mafoni a m'manja okha).

Tsatanetsatane waukadaulo wa mawonekedwe a HDMI 

Miyezo iwiri yomaliza ya HDMI, i.e. Mabaibulo 2.0 m'mabaibulo osiyanasiyana (omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu 2013-2016) ndi 2.1 kuchokera ku 2017 amatha kupereka mlingo wokwanira womvera ndi mavidiyo. Zambiri ndi izi:

HDMI 2.0, 2.0a ndi 2.0b 

Imapereka bandwidth mpaka 14,4Gbps, mutu wa Full HD pakutsitsimutsa kwa 240Hz, komanso 144Hz ya 2K/QHD ndi 60Hz pakusewera kwa 4K.

HDMI 2.1 

Pafupifupi 43Gbps bandwidth yonse, kuphatikiza 240Hz ya Full HD ndi 2K/QHD resolution, 120Hz ya 4K, 60Hz ya 8K, ndi 30Hz pakusintha kwakukulu kwa 10K (mapikisesi 10240x4320).

Mabaibulo akale a HDMI (144Hz pa Full HD resolution) asinthidwa ndi atsopano komanso ogwira mtima kwambiri.

 

HDMI vs DisplayPort. Chosankha? 

Palinso zina zambiri zomwe zimakhudza kusankha pakati pa mawonekedwe awiriwa. Choyamba, si zida zonse zomwe zimathandizira DisplayPort, ndipo zina zili nazo zonse. Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti DisplayPort ndiyomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, koma mwatsoka ilibe magwiridwe antchito a ARC (Audio Return Channel). Pali zoneneratu kuti ndi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe opanga zida aziika patsogolo pa DisplayPort. Komanso, mwayi wofunikira wa HDMI ndi kuchuluka kwa data - mu mtundu waposachedwa umatha kufalitsa pafupifupi 43 Gb / s, ndipo liwiro la DisplayPort lalikulu ndi 32,4 Gb / s. Kupereka kwa AvtoTachkiu kumaphatikizapo zingwe m'mitundu yonse iwiri, yomwe mitengo yake imayambira ma zloty ochepa.

Popanga chisankho, choyamba muyenera kuganizira za mtundu wa ntchito zomwe mudzachite. Ngati tikufuna kusintha chinsalu ndi khalidwe lapamwamba kwambiri mwamsanga, chisankhocho chidzagwera pa HDMI. Kumbali ina, ngati tiyang'ana kwambiri mphamvu zamagetsi ndi chitukuko chamtsogolo cha DisplayPort, zomwe zichitike posachedwa, njira inayi ndiyofunika kuiganizira. Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti bandwidth yapamwamba kwambiri ya mawonekedwe omwe aperekedwa sikutanthauza mtundu wabwino wa kanema womwewo womwe umaseweredwa pa iliyonse ya iwo.

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