Zinthu khumi zoyenera kuyang'ana mgalimoto yanu nyengo yachisanu isanakwane

Onani mbali ziti zagalimoto zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana kuti muzitha kuyendetsa bwino m'nyengo yozizira, ndipo injini imayaka ngakhale muchisanu kwambiri.

Zima ndi nthawi yovuta kwambiri kwa madalaivala. Madzulo akugwa mwachangu, poterera komanso kugwa chipale chofewa kumapangitsa kuti misewu ikhale yowopsa. Komanso, chisanu chimatha kulepheretsa galimoto yoyimitsidwa panja. Kuti galimoto isalephereke ndikuyambitsa injini m'mawa wachisanu, ndipo chofunika kwambiri, kuti zisawonongeke pamsewu, ziyenera kukonzekera bwino panthawiyi. Sitingathe kuyang'ana mfundo zambiri popanda zida zapadera. Ndi bwino ngati makaniko achita izi, mwachitsanzo, posintha matayala. Tidafunsa ogwira ntchito odziwa zambiri m'malo angapo operekera chithandizo zomwe tiyenera kusamala kwambiri pakugwa. Tasankha mfundo khumi zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana pagalimoto musanayambe nyengo yozizira.

Onaninso: Matayala achisanu - nthawi yosintha, yomwe mungasankhe, yomwe muyenera kukumbukira. Wotsogolera 

1. Batire

Popanda batire yogwira ntchito, mutha kuyiwala za kuyambitsa injini. Choncho, nyengo yozizira isanafike, ndi bwino kuyang'ana momwe batire ilili komanso mphamvu yake yoyambira mu malo ogwirira ntchito. Izi zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito tester yapadera. Amakanika ayeneranso kuyang'ana magetsi a galimoto. Batire litha kutha chifukwa chafupikitsa pakuyikirako, kapena alternator sangathe kulitcha pomwe mukuyendetsa.

Kumbukirani kuti pantographs sayenera kusiyidwa usiku: nyali zoviikidwa kapena zolembera, wailesi, zowunikira mkati. Ndiye n'zosavuta kutulutsa batire. 

Ena amango amalangiza kuti m'mawa chisanu, musanayambe galimoto, yambitsa batire - kuyatsa kuwala kwa masekondi angapo.

"Pakazizira kwambiri -XNUMX digiri, mutha kutenga batri kunyumba usiku," akutero Rafal Kulikovsky, mlangizi wa Toyota Dealer, Auto Park ku Bialystok. - Pamene kutentha kumatsika, mphamvu yamagetsi ya batri imachepa. Ngati sitigwiritsa ntchito galimotoyo kwa nthawi yayitalibwino kusunga batire malo otentha.

Lumikizani batire, kuyambira ndi "-" terminal, ndiye "+". Lumikizani motsatira dongosolo. 

Mabatire omwe akugulitsidwa pano ndi aulere. M'nyengo yozizira, zingakhale bwino kuona mtundu wotchedwa. diso lamatsenga lili mubwalo la batri. Chobiriwira chimatanthawuza kuti batire yachajitsidwa, yakuda ikutanthauza kuti ikufunika kuyitanitsanso, ndipo yoyera kapena yachikasu imatanthauza kuti batire iyenera kusinthidwa ndi yatsopano. Nthawi zambiri muyenera kugula zaka zinayi kapena zisanu zilizonse. Zikapezeka kuti batire yacheperako, iyenera kuwonjezeredwa poyilumikiza ku charger.

Ngati tili ndi batire yautumiki, tiyenera kuyang'ana mulingo wa electrolyte. Timakonza zofooka zake ndi madzi osungunuka.

Onaninso: Batire yagalimoto - mungagule bwanji komanso liti? Wotsogolera 

2. Jenereta

Ndikofunikira kuyeza kuchuluka kwacharge. Alternator imayitanitsa batire poyendetsa ndipo ndiye gwero lamphamvu injini ikugwira ntchito. Chizindikiro chosonyeza kusagwira ntchito kwa jenereta ndicho kuyatsa kwa nyali yochenjeza za batire mukuyendetsa. Ichi ndi chizindikiro kwa dalaivala kuti panopa wachotsedwa pa batire ndipo sikulinso.

Ndi bwino ngati katswiri amawunikanso momwe lamba wowonjezera wa alternator, yemwe amadziwikanso kuti V-belt kapena multi-groove lamba, chifukwa cha ming'alu. Zikatero, zidzafunika kusinthidwa.

Onaninso: Starter ndi alternator. Kuwonongeka kwanthawi zonse ndi ndalama zokonzetsera 

3. Mapulagi owala ndi ma spark plugs

Mapulagi owala amapezeka m'magalimoto okhala ndi injini za dizilo. Iwo ali ndi udindo wotenthetsera chipinda choyaka moto, ndipo atatha kutembenuza fungulo mu loko yoyatsira, amatenga magetsi kuchokera ku batri pachifukwa ichi. Sagwiranso ntchito poyendetsa galimoto. Chiwerengero cha mapulagi owala chimafanana ndi kuchuluka kwa masilindala a injini. Pamalo operekera chithandizo, yang'anani momwe alili ndi multimeter, ngati atenthetsa bwino.

Mapulagi oyaka oyaka angayambitse vuto kuyambitsa galimoto yanu nyengo yozizira. Zitha kuchitika kuti titha kuyambitsa injini pambuyo pa kugwedezeka kwa nthawi yayitali, kapena sitingathe kuchita. Kudzutsidwa kwa dalaivala kuyenera kukhala injini yosagwirizana yomwe ikuyenda atangoyamba kumene, zomwe zingatanthauze kuti spark plugs imodzi kapena ziwiri zalephera. Zizindikiro zina ndi monga kuwala kwa koyilo yachikasu komwe sikumazimitsa atangoyatsa kiyi yoyatsira ndipo kuwala kwa injini kumayaka. Sikoyenera kusintha mapulagi onse owala, olakwika okha, chifukwa amakhala ndi moyo wautali wautumiki, amatha kupirira mpaka ma kilomita mazana angapo.

Ma Spark plugs omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto okhala ndi injini zamafuta amasinthidwa pambuyo pa tsiku lotha ntchito lomwe wopanga amavomereza. Kawirikawiri izi ndi mtunda wa 60 zikwi. Km mpaka 120 Km. Ndibwino kuti muchite izi nyengo yachisanu isanakwane pa nthawi yokuyenderani ngati mukuyembekezera kusintha kwa pulagi mu December kapena January. Tidzasunga nthawi yoyendera msonkhanowu. Kuchita bwino kwa zigawozi sikumayendetsedwa. Komabe, ndizothandiza kwa makaniko kuyang'ana mtunda pakati pa maelekitirodi. Ma spark plugs olakwika amatha kuyambitsidwa ndi zovuta pakuyambitsa injini, kugwira ntchito kwake kosagwirizana ndi kugwedezeka, makamaka pakuthamanga.

Onaninso: Dongosolo loyatsira - mfundo yoyendetsera, kukonza, kuwonongeka, kukonza. Wotsogolera 

4. Mawaya oyaka moto

Dzina lawo lina ndi zingwe zamphamvu kwambiri. Atha kupezeka m'magalimoto akale, komabe pali magalimoto ambiri achinyamata m'misewu yaku Poland. M'magalimoto amakono, zingwe zasinthidwa ndi ma coils ndi ma module owongolera.

M'dzinja, zingakhale bwino kuyang'ana momwe zingwe zimawonekera. Ngati chang'ambika kapena chosweka, sinthani. Mofananamo, ngati tiwona kuti tili ndi zowonongeka zamakono pamene mawaya amanyowa. Kuti muwone ngati pali ma punctures, kwezani chovalacho pakada mdima kapena mu garaja yakuda. Inde, injini ikuyenda - ngati tiwona mawaya amoto, izi zikutanthauza kuti pali puncture.

Mawayawa amasamutsa magetsi ku ma spark plugs. Ngati pali ma punctures, mtengo wocheperako wamagetsi umapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuyambitsa kuyendetsa. Injini imagwiranso ntchito mosiyanasiyana ndikutsamwitsidwa poyendetsa.

Dinani apa kuti muwone zithunzi - Zinthu 10 zoti mufufuze m'galimoto yanu nyengo yachisanu isanakwane

5. Kupanikizika kwa matayala

Ayenera kuwunika pafupipafupi, kamodzi pa milungu itatu iliyonse komanso asananyamukenso. Kutentha kwa mpweya kumatsika, kuthamanga kwa matayala kumachepa. Cholakwika chimabweretsa kuyaka kowonjezereka komanso kuvala kwa matayala mwachangu komanso kosagwirizana. Zimakhalanso zoopsa chifukwa zimapangitsa kuyendetsa galimoto kukhala kovuta.

- Njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli ndikuwonjezera mawilo ndi nayitrogeni, imasunga kuthamanga kofunikira kangapo kuposa mpweya, akutero Jacek Baginski, woyang'anira ntchito wa Mazda Gołembiewscy ku Białystok.

Njira yosavuta yowonera kuthamanga kwa gasi ndi kompresa. Pankhaniyi, mawilo ayenera kukhala ozizira. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kuthamanga kuyenera kukhala kofanana mu mawilo aliwonse. Zambiri za kukakamiza koyenera kwa galimoto yathu zitha kupezeka mkati mwa choyatsira mafuta, pa zomata pafupi ndi mzati wam'mbali, m'chipinda chamagetsi, kapena m'mabuku a eni ake agalimoto.

Onaninso: Madalaivala sasamala za kuthamanga kwa matayala. Dera la Lublin ndiloipa kwambiri 

6. Kuyika kwa kuwala

Kumakhala mdima mwachangu m'nyengo yozizira, ndipo nyali zoyikika bwino zimatha kuwunikira bwino msewu kapena oyendetsa akhungu a magalimoto omwe akubwera. Magetsi ogwira ntchito - makamaka pa malo opangira matenda - ayenera kuikidwa osati nyengo yozizira isanafike, komanso pambuyo pa kusintha kwa babu.

Kukonza kumachitika pamtunda wathyathyathya, galimoto sayenera kunyamulidwa, kupanikizika kwa mawilo kuyenera kukhala kolondola. Ndikofunika kuti makaniko kapena diagnostician athe kusintha molondola nyali za mutu pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera choyezera.

Magalimoto ambiri amakhalanso ndi makina owongolera nyali. Zosintha ndi chosinthira pa dashboard ziyenera kupangidwa tikamayendetsa ndi okwera ndi katundu, chifukwa galimoto ikadzaza, kutsogolo kwa galimoto kumadzuka.

Onaninso: Kuyendetsa motetezeka usiku - momwe mungakonzekere, zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana 

7. Zoziziritsa

Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kuzizira kwake ndi glycometer kuti mupewe kuzizira. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti radiator iphulike.

"Zogulitsa zomwe zimapezeka pamsika zimazizira kwambiri kuposa 35 kapena kuchotsera 37 digiri Celsius," akutero Jakub Sosnowski, eni ake a Diversa ochokera ku Białystok, omwe amagulitsa mafuta ndi madzi ogwirira ntchito mwa zina. - Ngati n'koyenera, onjezerani mlingo wamadzimadzi, ndi bwino kuwonjezera mankhwala omalizidwa, pokhapokha ngati ili mu thanki ili ndi magawo oyenera. Timawonjezera chidwi ngati tikufuna kubwezeretsa magawo awa.

Kusiyana pakati pa zoziziritsa kukhosi kumakhala pamaziko omwe amapangidwira: ethylene glycol (nthawi zambiri buluu) ndi propylene glycol (nthawi zambiri yobiriwira) ndi zinthu zopanda silicate. Kumbukirani kuti ethylene glycol sagwirizana ndi propylene glycol ndi mosemphanitsa. Utoto ulibe kanthu, zolemba zake ndizofunikira. Kuzizira kumasinthidwa zaka zitatu mpaka zisanu zilizonse.

Onaninso: Dongosolo lozizira - kusintha kwamadzimadzi ndikuwunika nyengo yozizira isanakwane. Wotsogolera 

8. Wipers ndi washer madzimadzi

Muyenera kuyang'ana tsambalo kuti muwone misozi, mabala, kapena mikwingwirima. Kenako pakufunika chosinthira. Nthenga zimafunikanso kusinthidwa zikamagwedezeka ndipo sizilimbana ndi kuchotsa madzi kapena matalala pagalasi, ndikusiya mikwingwirima. M'nyengo yozizira, musagwiritse ntchito ma wiper pagalasi yokutidwa ndi ayezi, chifukwa idzawonongeka mwamsanga. Wipers wa Windshield ayenera kusinthidwa kamodzi pachaka.

Madzi ochapira mawotchi a m'chilimwe ayenera kusinthidwa ndi madzi ochapira ozizira. Kuti muchite izi, choyamba chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndikwabwino kugula imodzi yokhala ndi kuzizira kosachepera madigiri 20 Celsius. Ubwino wamadzimadzi umafunika. Ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito zamadzimadzi zotsika mtengo.

Zamadzimadzi zotsika zimatha kuzizira pa madigiri XNUMX Celsius. Ngati madzi aundana pagalasi, simungathe kuwona chilichonse. Kuonjezera apo, kuyesa kuyambitsa makina ochapira amatha kuwomba fuse kapena kuwononga mpope wa washer. Madzi oundana amathanso kupangitsa thanki kuphulika. Zotsika mtengo kwambiri nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi methanol yambiri. Izi nazonso zimakhala zoopsa ku thanzi la dalaivala ndi okwera.

Chitini cha malita asanu chamadzi ochapira nthawi yozizira chimawononga pafupifupi 20 PLN.

Onaninso: Zopukuta zamagalimoto - zosinthira, mitundu, mitengo. Photoguide 

9. Kuyimitsidwa

Onetsetsani kuti palibe kusewera mu kuyimitsidwa ndi chiwongolero cha galimoto, zomwe zingasokoneze kusamalira. Ndikoyenera kutchera khutu kwambiri ku shock absorbers. Akatopa, mtunda woyima udzakhala wautali, zomwe zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri pamalo oterera pomwe galimotoyo imatenga nthawi yayitali kuyima. Mukakwera pamakona ndi zotsekemera zotayira, zimakhala zosavuta kutsetsereka ndipo thupi limagwedezeka. Kuonjezera apo, zotsekemera zosokoneza zimafupikitsa moyo wa tayala.

Sizipweteka kuyang'ana damping mphamvu ya absorbers mantha pa matenda njira. Ndizothandiza kwa makaniko kuti ayang'ane ngati zotsekemera zotsekemera zatsekedwa ndipo ngati mafuta akutuluka kuchokera kwa iwo, ngati pali sewero lililonse pazitsulo zowonongeka.

Pofufuza momwe kuyimitsidwa, makamaka pambuyo pokonzanso, ndi bwino kuyang'ana geometry yake. Kuwongolera kolakwika kwa magudumu kumathandizira osati kuthamangitsa matayala, komanso kukhazikika kwagalimoto poyendetsa.

Onaninso: Zodzikongoletsera - momwe ndi chifukwa chake muyenera kuzisamalira. Wotsogolera 

10. Mabuleki

Grzegorz Krul, wamkulu wa malo opangira magalimoto a Martom ku Białystok, akutikumbutsa kuti nyengo yozizira isanakwane ndikofunikira kuyang'ana makulidwe a mapadi ndi momwe ma brake discs alili. Zidzakhalanso bwino kuyang'ana ma hoses a brake - osinthasintha ndi zitsulo. Pankhani yoyamba, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti ili bwino komanso kuti siili pachiwopsezo cha kusokonezedwa. Chitsulo nacho chimawononga. Musaiwale kuyang'ana ntchito ya handbrake.

Pa njira yodziwira matenda, ndi bwino kuyang'ana kugawa kwa mphamvu ya braking, kaya ngakhale pakati pa ma axles akumanzere ndi kumanja a galimoto. M'nyengo yozizira, mphamvu yoyendetsa mabuleki yosagwirizana ingayambitse mosavuta skid. Ngati msewu uli woterera, galimotoyo imakhala yosakhazikika pamene ikuphwanyidwa ndipo ikhoza kuponyedwa.

M'dzinja, makaniko ayenera kuyang'ana khalidwe la brake fluid m'galimoto yathu.

"Izi zimachitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mita yapadera, madziwa amafufuzidwa kuti ali ndi madzi," akutero Tadeusz Winski, mkulu wa utumiki wa Fiat Polmozbyt Plus ku Białystok. - Ndi madzi a hygroscopic, kutanthauza kuti amatenga chinyezi.

Onaninso: Ma brake system - nthawi yoti musinthe mapepala, ma disc ndi madzimadzi - kalozera 

Brake fluid iyenera kusinthidwa zaka ziwiri zilizonse. Madzi omwe ali mkati mwake amatsitsa kuwira. Ikhoza kutenthedwa ngakhale pansi pa mabuleki olemera. Zotsatira zake, ntchito ya braking idzachepetsedwa kwambiri. Magalimoto ambiri amafuna kugwiritsa ntchito madzimadzi amtundu wa DOT-4. Ngati tikufuna kuwonjezera mlingo wamadzimadzi mu thanki, kumbukirani kuwonjezera zomwe zili kale momwemo. Ndibwino kuti muyang'ane mlingo wa brake fluid osachepera kamodzi pamwezi. 

Petr Valchak