injini ya nthunzi yamatabwa

Ma injini a nthunzi oyamba okhala ndi silinda yosunthika yosunthika adapangidwa m'zaka za zana la XNUMX ndipo adagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyendetsa zombo zazing'ono. Ubwino wawo ndi kuphweka kwa kumanga. Inde, injini za nthunzi zimenezo sizinali zamatabwa, koma zachitsulo. Zinali ndi ziwalo zochepa, sizinaphwanyidwe, ndipo zinali zotsika mtengo kupanga. Anapangidwa mopingasa kapena ofukula kuti asatenge malo ambiri m'sitimayo. Mitundu ya injini za nthunzi iyi idapangidwanso ngati ting'onoting'ono togwira ntchito. Zinali zidole za polytechnic zoyendetsedwa ndi nthunzi.

Kuphweka kwa mapangidwe a injini ya nthunzi ya cylinder oscillating ndi ubwino wake waukulu, ndipo tikhoza kuyesedwa kuti tipange chitsanzo choterocho ndi nkhuni. Tikufuna kuti chitsanzo chathu chizigwira ntchito osati kungoyima. Ndi zotheka. Komabe, sitidzayendetsa ndi nthunzi yotentha, koma ndi mpweya wozizira wamba, makamaka kuchokera ku compressor yapanyumba kapena, mwachitsanzo, chotsukira chotsuka. Wood ndi chinthu chosangalatsa komanso chosavuta kugwira ntchito, kotero mutha kukonzanso makina a injini ya nthunzi mmenemo. Popeza pomanga chitsanzo chathu, tidapereka gawo logawanika la silinda, chifukwa cha izi titha kuwona momwe pisitoni imagwirira ntchito komanso momwe silinda imayendera pokhudzana ndi mabowo anthawi. Ndikupangira kuti uyambe kugwira ntchito.

Kugwiritsa ntchito makina nthunzi yokhala ndi silinda yogwedeza. Tikhoza kuwasanthula chithunzi 1 pazithunzi zingapo zolembedwa kuyambira a mpaka f.

1. Mpweya umalowa mu silinda kudzera polowera ndikukankhira pisitoni.
2. Pistoni imazungulira gudumu lakuwulukira kupyola pisitoni ndodo yolumikizira ndodo.
3. Silinda imasintha malo ake, pamene pisitoni imayenda, imatseka cholowera ndikutsegula chitseko cha nthunzi.
4. Pistoni, yoyendetsedwa ndi inertia ya flywheel yothamanga, imakankhira nthunzi yotulutsa mpweya kudzera mu dzenje ili, ndipo kuzungulira kumayambanso.
5. Silinda imasintha malo ndipo cholowera chimatseguka.
6. Nthunzi yopanikizidwayo imadutsanso polowera ndikukankhira pisitoni.

Zida: Kubowola kwamagetsi pachoyimilira, kubowola kolumikizidwa ndi benchi yogwirira ntchito, sander ya lamba, chopukusira chogwedeza, dremel yokhala ndi nsonga zopangira matabwa, jigsaw, makina opaka ndi guluu otentha, M3 kufa ndi ulusi chuck, ukalipentala kubowola 14 mamilimita. Tidzagwiritsa ntchito compressor kapena vacuum cleaner kuyendetsa chitsanzo.

Zida: pine board 100 by 20 millimeters mulifupi, roller 14 millimeters m'mimba mwake, board 20 by 20 millimeters, board 30 by 30 millimeters, board 60 by 8 millimeters, plywood 10 mamilimita wandiweyani. Mafuta a silicone kapena mafuta a makina, msomali wokhala ndi mamilimita 3 ndi kutalika kwa mamilimita 60, kasupe wamphamvu, mtedza wokhala ndi makina ochapira a M3. Vanishi yoyera mu chotengera cha aerosol chopangira matabwa.

Makina oyambira. Tipanga kuchokera pa bolodi yoyezera 500 ndi 100 ndi 20 mamilimita. Musanapente, ndi bwino kuwongolera zolakwika zonse za bolodi ndi malo otsala mutadula ndi sandpaper.

Thandizo la Flywheel. Timadula paini bolodi la 150 ndi 100 ndi 20 mamilimita. Timafunikira zinthu ziwiri zofanana. Pambuyo pozungulira ndi chopukusira lamba, sandpaper 40 m'mphepete chapamwamba mu arcs ndikukonza ndi sandpaper yabwino muzothandizira, kubowola mabowo okhala ndi mamilimita 14 m'malo monga momwe tawonetsera mkuyu. chithunzi 2. Kutalika kwa chonyamulira pakati pa tsinde ndi ekseli kuyenera kukhala kokulirapo kuposa utali wozungulira wa gudumu.

Mzere wa flywheel. Tidzadula kuchokera ku plywood 10 millimeters wandiweyani. Gudumu ali awiri 180 millimeters. Jambulani mabwalo awiri ofanana pa plywood ndi caliper ndikudula ndi jigsaw. Pa bwalo loyamba, jambulani bwalo ndi mainchesi 130 mamilimita coaxially ndikudula pakati. Ili ndilo mphepete mwake, ndiko kuti, mkombero wake. Khalidwe lowonjezera kuzizira kwa gudumu lozungulira.

Flywheel. Flywheel yathu ili ndi masipokosi asanu. Adzalengedwa m'njira yoti tidzajambula makona atatu pa gudumu ndi m'mphepete mozungulira ndikuzungulira madigiri 72 pokhudzana ndi gudumu. Tiyeni tiyambe ndi kujambula bwalo ndi awiri a 120 millimeters pa pepala, kenako kuluka singano 15 millimeters wandiweyani ndi mabwalo pa ngodya za atatu atatu. Mutha kuziwona chithunzi 3. i 4., pomwe mawonekedwe a gudumu akuwonetsedwa. Timayika pepala pamabwalo odulidwa ndikuyika pakati pa mabwalo onse ang'onoang'ono ndi nkhonya ya dzenje. Izi zidzaonetsetsa kuti kubowola molondola. Timabowola ngodya zonse za makona atatu ndi kubowola ndi mainchesi 14 mamilimita. Popeza kubowola kwa tsamba kumatha kuwononga plywood, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mungobowola theka la makulidwe a plywood, kenaka mutembenuzire zinthuzo ndikumaliza kubowola. Bowolo lathyathyathya la m'mimba mwake limathera ndi kachingwe kakang'ono kotulukira komwe kangatipangitse kupeza bwino pakati pa dzenje lomwe lili mbali ina ya plywood. Poganizira za kupambana kwa matabwa a matabwa pamwamba pa ukalipentala wathyathyathya, tinadula zinthu zosafunikira zotsalira pa gudumu la ndege ndi jigsaw yamagetsi kuti tipeze singano zoluka bwino. Dremel amalipira zolakwika zilizonse ndikuzungulira m'mphepete mwa spokes. Lembani bwalo la nkhata ndi vicola guluu. Timabowola dzenje lokhala ndi mainchesi 6 chapakati kuti tiyike chomangira cha M6 pakati, motero timapeza pafupifupi nsonga yozungulira gudumu. Titayika bawuti ngati gudumu pobowola, timayendetsa gudumu lozungulira mwachangu, choyamba ndi gudumu lolimba kenako ndi sandpaper yabwino. Ndikukulangizani kuti musinthe njira yozungulira pobowola kuti bolt gudumu lisasunthike. Gudumu liyenera kukhala ndi m'mphepete mwake ndikuzungulira mofanana pambuyo pokonza, popanda kugunda mbali. Izi zikatheka, timachotsa bawuti kwakanthawi ndikubowola dzenje la ekisi ya chandamale ndi mainchesi 14 mamilimita.

Chingwe cholumikizira. Tidzadula kuchokera ku plywood 10 millimeters wandiweyani. Kuti ntchitoyi ikhale yosavuta, ndikupempha kuti ndiyambe ndikubowola mabowo awiri a 14mm 38mm motalikirana, kenako ndikuwonera mawonekedwe omaliza, monga momwe tawonera. chithunzi 5.

gwero la ndege. Amapangidwa ndi shaft ndi m'mimba mwake 14 millimeters ndi kutalika 190 millimeters.

Shaft axle. Imadulidwa kuchokera pamtengo wokhala ndi mamilimita 14 ndi kutalika kwa mamilimita 80.

Silinda. Tidzadula kuchokera ku plywood 10 millimeters wandiweyani. Zili ndi zinthu zisanu. Awiri aiwo amayesa mamilimita 140 ndi 60 ndipo ndi makoma a mbali ya silinda. Pansi ndi pamwamba 140 ndi 80 millimeters. Mbali yapansi ya silinda imayesa 60 ndi 60 ndipo ndi 15 millimeters yokhuthala. Zigawo izi zikuwonetsedwa mu chithunzi 6. Timamatira pansi ndi mbali za silinda ndi guluu woluka. Chimodzi mwazinthu zogwirira ntchito bwino zachitsanzo ndi perpendicularity ya gluing ya makoma ndi pansi. Boolani mabowo a zomangira pamwamba pa chivundikiro cha silinda. Timabowola mabowo ndi 3 mm kubowola kuti agwere pakati pa makulidwe a khoma la silinda. Boolani mabowo pachivundikirocho pang'ono ndi kubowola kwa 8mm kuti mitu yowonongayo ibisale.

Pisitoni. Miyeso yake ndi 60 ndi 60 ndi 30 millimeters. Mu pisitoni, timabowola dzenje lapakati lakhungu lomwe lili ndi mainchesi 14 mpaka kuya kwa mamilimita 20. Tiyikamo ndodo ya pisitoni.

Piston ndodo. Amapangidwa ndi shaft ndi m'mimba mwake mamilimita 14 ndi kutalika 320 millimeters. Ndodo ya pisitoni imathera mbali imodzi ndi pisitoni, ndipo mbali inayo ndi mbedza pa olamulira a ndodo yolumikizira.

Cholumikizira ndodo. Tidzapanga kuchokera ku bar ndi gawo la 30 ndi 30 ndi kutalika kwa mamilimita 40. Timabowola dzenje la 14 mm mu chipika ndi dzenje lachiwiri lakhungu perpendicular. Timamatira mbali ina yaulere ya ndodo ya pistoni mu dzenje ili. Tsukani mkati mwa dzenje ndikupukuta ndi mchenga wabwino kwambiri wokutidwa mu chubu. Cholumikizira ndodo chimazungulira pabowo ndipo tikufuna kuchepetsa kukangana pamalopo. Pomaliza, chogwiriracho chimazunguliridwa ndikumalizidwa ndi fayilo yamatabwa kapena lamba.

Nthawi Bracket. Tidzadula pa bolodi la paini loyeza 150 ndi 100 ndi 20. Pambuyo pa mchenga mu chithandizo, tambani mabowo atatu m'malo monga momwe chithunzichi chikusonyezera. Bowo loyamba lokhala ndi mainchesi 3 mm kwa olamulira anthawi. Zina ziwiri ndizolowera mpweya ndi kutuluka kwa silinda. Malo obowolera onse atatu akuwonetsedwa mu chithunzi 7. Posintha miyeso ya magawo makina, malo kubowola ayenera kupezeka empirically ndi chisanadze kusonkhanitsa makina ndi kudziwa chapamwamba ndi m'munsi malo a silinda, ndicho malo dzenje mokhomerera mu yamphamvu. Malo omwe nthawi idzagwire ntchito ndi mchenga ndi orbital sander ndi pepala labwino. Iyenera kukhala yosalala komanso yosalala.

Swinging time axle. Dulani kumapeto kwa msomali wautali wa 60 mm ndikuzungulira ndi fayilo kapena chopukusira. Pogwiritsa ntchito kufa kwa M3, dulani malekezero ake pafupifupi mamilimita 10 m'litali. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani kasupe wamphamvu, mtedza wa M3 ndi makina ochapira.

Kugawa. Tipanga kuchokera pamzere woyezera 140 ndi 60 ndi 8 mamilimita. Mabowo awiri amabowoledwa mu gawo ili lachitsanzo. Yoyamba ndi mamilimita atatu m'mimba mwake. Tiyika msomali mmenemo, womwe ndi mzere wozungulira wa silinda. Kumbukirani kubowola dzenje m'njira yoti mutu wa msomali ukhazikike pamtengo ndipo usatulukire pamwamba pake. Iyi ndi nthawi yofunika kwambiri pa ntchito yathu, yomwe ikukhudza ntchito yoyenera ya chitsanzo. Bowo lachiwiri la 3 mm m'mimba mwake ndi polowera / kutulutsa mpweya. Kutengera malo a silinda poyerekezera ndi mabowo mu bulaketi yanthawi, mpweya udzalowa mu pisitoni, ndikukankhira, kenako ndikukankhidwa ndi pisitoni mbali ina. Gwirizanitsani nthawi ndi msomali womatira womwe umakhala ngati ekseli pamwamba pa silinda. Mzerewu usagwedezeke ndipo uyenera kukhala perpendicular pamwamba. Pomaliza, boworani mu silinda pogwiritsa ntchito malo a dzenje mu bolodi lanthawi. Zowonongeka zonse za nkhuni, zomwe zidzakhudzana ndi chithandizo cha nthawi, zimasinthidwa ndi sander orbital ndi sandpaper yabwino.

Kupanga makina. Gwirizanitsani zitsulo zamtundu wa flywheel kumunsi, kusamala kuti zili pamzere ndikufanana ndi ndege ya maziko. Tisanayambe msonkhano wathunthu, tidzajambula zinthu ndi zigawo za makina ndi varnish yopanda mtundu. Timayika ndodo yolumikizira pa flywheel axis ndikumata molunjika kwa iyo. Lowetsani ndodo yolumikizira mu dzenje lachiwiri. Nkhwangwa zonse ziwiri ziyenera kukhala zofanana. Gwirani mphete zolimbikitsira zamatabwa ku flywheel. Mu mphete yakunja, ikani zomangira zamatabwa mu dzenje lomwe limateteza flywheel ku gwero la flywheel. Kumbali ina ya maziko, sungani chithandizo cha silinda. Mafuta mbali zonse zamatabwa zomwe zimasuntha ndikukhudzana ndi mafuta a silicone kapena mafuta a makina. Silicone iyenera kupukutidwa pang'ono kuti muchepetse mikangano. Kuchita bwino kwa makinawo kudzadalira izi. Silinda imayikidwa pa chonyamuliracho kotero kuti olamulira ake amatuluka kupitirira nthawi. Mutha kuziwona chithunzi 8. Ikani kasupe pa msomali wotuluka kupitirira chithandizo, ndiye chotsuka ndikuteteza chinthu chonsecho ndi mtedza. Silinda, yopanikizidwa ndi kasupe, iyenera kusuntha pang'ono pamzere wake. Timayika pisitoni m'malo mwake mu silinda, ndikuyika mapeto a ndodo ya pistoni pazitsulo zolumikizira. Timayika chivundikiro cha silinda ndikuchimanga ndi zomangira zamatabwa. Nyalitsani mbali zonse zogwirira ntchito zamakina, makamaka silinda ndi pisitoni, ndi mafuta amakina. Tisadandaule za mafutawo. Gudumu loyendetsedwa ndi dzanja liyenera kuzungulira popanda kukana kukana, ndipo ndodo yolumikizira iyenera kusamutsa kuyenda kwa pisitoni ndi silinda. Chithunzi 9. Ikani mapeto a payipi ya compressor mu cholowera ndikuyatsa. Tembenuzani gudumu ndipo mpweya woponderezedwa udzasuntha pisitoni ndipo flywheel imayamba kupota. Chofunikira kwambiri pachitsanzo chathu ndikulumikizana pakati pa mbale yanthawi ndi stator yake. Pokhapokha ngati mpweya wambiri ukuthawa motere, galimoto yokonzedwa bwino iyenera kuyenda mosavuta, kupatsa okonda DIY chisangalalo chochuluka. Chifukwa cha kulephera kungakhale kofooka kwambiri kasupe. Patapita kanthawi, mafutawo amalowetsedwa mu nkhuni ndipo kukangana kumakhala kochuluka. Limafotokozanso chifukwa chake anthu sanamange ma injini a nthunzi ndi matabwa. Komabe, injini yamatabwa ndi yothandiza kwambiri, ndipo chidziwitso cha momwe silinda ya oscillating imagwirira ntchito mu injini ya nthunzi yosavuta imakhalabe kwa nthawi yaitali.

injini ya nthunzi yamatabwa