Camshaft udindo kachipangizo

Ma injini amakono ali ndi chipangizo chovuta kwambiri ndipo amawongoleredwa ndi zida zowongolera zamagetsi potengera ma sensa. Sensa iliyonse imayang'anira magawo ena omwe akuwonetsa momwe injini ikugwirira ntchito pakadali pano, ndikutumiza chidziwitso ku kompyuta. M'nkhaniyi, tiona chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri za dongosolo kasamalidwe injini: camshaft udindo sensa (DPRS).

Kodi DPRV ndi chiyani

Chidule cha DPRV chikuyimira Camshaft Position Sensor. Mayina ena: Sensa ya Hall, gawo kapena CMP (chidule mu Chingerezi). Kuchokera ku dzinali zikuwonekeratu kuti akugwira nawo ntchito yogawa gasi. Momwemonso, kutengera deta yake, dongosololi limawerengera nthawi yoyenera ya jekeseni wamafuta ndi kuyatsa.

Sensa iyi imagwiritsa ntchito voteji (yopereka) ya 5 volts, ndipo chigawo chake chachikulu ndi chinthu cha Hall sensing. Iye mwini samadziwa nthawi ya jekeseni kapena kuyaka, koma amangopereka chidziwitso cha nthawi yomwe pisitoni ifika pa TDC yoyamba ya silinda. Malingana ndi deta iyi, nthawi ndi nthawi ya jekeseni zimawerengedwa.

Pantchito yake, DPRV imalumikizidwa bwino ndi crankshaft position sensor (DPKV), yomwe imayang'aniranso magwiridwe antchito olondola amagetsi. Ngati pazifukwa zina sensa ya camshaft ikulephera, deta yaikulu kuchokera ku crankshaft sensor idzaganiziridwa. Chizindikiro cha DPKV ndichofunika kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito poyatsira ndi jakisoni, popanda izi, injini sizingagwire ntchito.

DPRV imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mainjini onse amakono, kuphatikiza injini zoyatsira mkati zomwe zimakhala ndi nthawi yosinthira ma valve. Kuyika mu mutu wa silinda, kutengera kapangidwe ka injini.

Camshaft udindo kachipangizo kachipangizo

Monga tanenera kale, sensa imagwira ntchito pamaziko a Hall effect. Zotsatirazi zidapezeka m'zaka za zana la 19 ndi wasayansi wa dzina lomweli. Iye adawona kuti ngati mphamvu yachindunji imadutsa pa mbale yopyapyala yomwe imayikidwa m'munda wa zochita za maginito okhazikika, ndiye kuti kusiyana komwe kungapangidwe kumapangidwira kumalekezero ake ena. Ndiko kuti, mothandizidwa ndi maginito kulowetsa maginito, gawo la ma elekitironi limapotoka ndipo limapanga magetsi ang'onoang'ono pa nkhope zina za mbale (Hall voltage). Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chizindikiro.

DPRV imakonzedwa chimodzimodzi, koma zapamwamba kwambiri. Lili ndi maginito okhazikika ndi semiconductor yomwe zikhomo zinayi zimagwirizanitsidwa. Mphamvu yamagetsi imadyetsedwa kudera laling'ono lophatikizika, komwe limakonzedwa, ndipo olumikizana wamba (awiri kapena atatu) akutuluka kale mnyumba ya sensor. Thupilo limapangidwa ndi pulasitiki.

Momwe ntchito

Ma drive disk (drive wheel) amaikidwa pa camshaft moyang'anizana ndi DPRV. Kenako, mano apadera kapena ma protrusions amapangidwa pa camshaft drive disk. Panthawi yomwe izi zimadutsa sensa, DPRV imapanga chizindikiro cha digito cha mawonekedwe apadera, kusonyeza kugunda kwamakono kwa pistoni muzitsulo.

Kugwira ntchito kwa sensa ya camshaft kumaganiziridwa moyenera pamodzi ndi ntchito ya DPKV. Pakusintha kuwiri kulikonse kwa crankshaft, pamakhala kusintha kumodzi kwa wogawa. Ichi ndi chinsinsi cha kalunzanitsidwe wa jekeseni ndi poyatsira machitidwe. M'mawu ena, DPRV ndi DPKV amasonyeza mphindi ya psinjika sitiroko pa silinda yoyamba.

Crankshaft drive disc ili ndi mano 58 (60-2), ndiye kuti, gawo lomwe lili ndi mpata wa mano awiri likudutsa pa sensa ya crankshaft, dongosolo limafanizira chizindikiro ndi DPRV ndi DPKV ndikuzindikira nthawi ya jekeseni pa silinda yoyamba. . Pambuyo mano 30, jekeseni, mwachitsanzo, mu silinda yachitatu, ndiyeno yachinayi ndi yachiwiri. Umu ndi momwe kulunzanitsa kumagwirira ntchito. Zizindikiro zonsezi ndi ma pulses omwe amawerengedwa ndi unit control. Amangowoneka ngati mawonekedwe a mafunde.

Zizindikiro

Ziyenera kunenedwa nthawi yomweyo kuti ndi cholakwika cha camshaft sensor injini idzapitiriza kuthamanga ndikuyamba, koma ndikuchedwa.

Zizindikiro zotsatirazi zingasonyeze kusagwira ntchito kwa DPRV:

• kuchuluka kwamafuta amafuta, chifukwa jekeseni simalumikizidwa;
• galimoto imagwedezeka, imataya mphamvu;
• pali kutayika kwamphamvu kwamphamvu, galimoto silingathe kuthamanga;
• injini sichimayamba nthawi yomweyo, koma ndikuchedwa kwa masekondi 2-3 kapena kuyimitsa;
• dongosolo poyatsira ntchito ndi misfire, misfire;
• kompyuta yomwe ili pa board ikusonyeza cholakwika, Check Engine ikuwala.

Zizindikirozi zingasonyeze kusagwira ntchito kwa DPRV, koma zingasonyezenso mavuto ena. M'pofunika kukumana diagnostics mu utumiki kapena ntchito wapadera diagnostic scanner. Mwachitsanzo, chipangizo chapadziko lonse cha Rokodil ScanX.

Zolakwa P0340 - P0344, P0365 zimasonyeza kulephera kapena kupuma kwa waya wa DPRV.

Zina mwa zifukwa za kulephera kwa DPRV, zotsatirazi zikhoza kusiyanitsa:

• mavuto ndi kukhudzana ndi mawaya;
• kutulutsa kwa disk drive kumatha kudulidwa kapena kupindika, kotero sensa imawerenga deta yolakwika;
• kuwonongeka kwa sensa yokha.

Payokha, chipangizo chaching'ono ichi sichimalephera.

Njira zoyendera

Monga sensa ina iliyonse ya Hall effect, DPRV singayang'anitsidwe poyesa voteji pamalumikizidwe ndi ma multimeter ("kupitilira"). Chithunzi chathunthu cha ntchito yanu chikhoza kuperekedwa poyang'ana ndi oscilloscope. Pa oscillogram, ma pulses ndi dip fronts zidzawoneka. Kuwerenga ma waveform data kumafunikiranso chidziwitso ndi chidziwitso. Izi zikhoza kuchitika ndi katswiri wodziwa bwino pa siteshoni kapena malo operekera chithandizo.

Zizindikiro za sensa zimawonekera bwino pa oscillogram

Ngati kulephera kuzindikirika, sensa imasinthidwa ndi yatsopano, kukonza sikuperekedwa.

DPRV imagwira ntchito yofunikira pakuyatsira ndi jekeseni. Kulephera kwake kumabweretsa mavuto pakugwira ntchito kwa injini. Zizindikiro zikadziwika, ndikwabwino kuzindikiridwa ndi akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito.