Zomwe mungasankhe: chosinthira kapena zodziwikiratu

Kutumiza kwodziwikiratu kumatha kuyimiridwa ndi bokosi lama roboti, lotsogola mwachangu komanso chosinthira. Pogula galimoto, wokonda magalimoto amaganiza za gearbox yomwe angakonde; chomwe chiri chabwino: chosinthira kapena kufalitsa kwadzidzidzi. Mukamasankha pakati pa chosinthira ndi makina othamanga, muyenera kudziwa momwe zimasiyanirana, ganizirani zabwino ndi zoyipa zawo, komanso kuti mumvetsetse kuti ndi ziti mwazida zomwe zili zodalirika.

Kutumiza kwa CVT

Monga gearbox ina iliyonse, chosinthira ndi chida chomwe chimasintha makokedwe kuchokera ku injini kupita ku mawilo. Kutumiza kwa makokedwe kumachitika mosadukiza mwanjira zina zowongolera. Nthawi zambiri, chosinthacho chimasankhidwa ndi chidule "CVT" (Continuously Variable Transmission), chomwe chimamasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chingerezi chimatanthauza "kufalikira ndi makokedwe osinthika mosalekeza".

Mitundu ya CVT

Kutengera ndi chipangizochi, mitundu yayikulu yotsatirayi imasiyanitsidwa:

• unyolo;
• V-lamba;
• toroidal.

Makina a V-lamba omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

V-lamba CVT imakhala ndi V-lamba wokhala pakati pama pulleys awiri. Poyenda galimoto, ma pulleys amaponderezedwa, kenako amalumikizidwa, ndikupereka kusintha kwa magiya. Cholinga chachikulu cha CVT ndikupereka kusintha kosalala, kosasunthika. Izi ndi zoona kwa magalimoto, ma scooter, oyendetsa matalala ndi zida zina.

Mu kusiyanasiyana kwa maunyolo a CVT, mphamvu imafalikira ndi malekezero amtundu wa unyolo, ndipo mphamvu yokoka imafalikira ndi unyolo.

Mu kusiyanasiyana toroidal, m'malo pulleys ntchito zimbale tapered ntchito, osati lamba, odzigudubuza. Amatha kutumiza makokedwe ambiri. Kuti apange magawo amtundu wa CVT, pamafunika chitsulo champhamvu kwambiri, chomwe chimakhudza mtengo wake.

Ubwino ndi zovuta za CVT

Ubwino waukulu pakufalitsa kwa CVT ndikutha kupereka kusintha kosasintha kwa makokedwe. Izi zimathandiza kuti mafuta azigwiritsidwa ntchito bwino komanso mphamvu zamagalimoto.

Zoyipa za kusiyanasiyana ndi izi:

1. Kulephera kuyika mu magalimoto okhala ndi injini yamphamvu.
2. Katundu wambiri, kukoka kapena kuyendetsa mwadongosolo pama revs apamwamba kumapangitsa kuti lamba wosinthasintha azivala mwachangu, motero, kuwonongeka kwa CVT.

Kutumiza kwachangu

Kutumiza kwadzidzidzi kumayang'aniridwa ndi chosankha chosunthira chomwe chili pakatikati kapenanso poyendetsa (mumagalimoto aku America). Kusuntha wosankhayo pamalo ena kumakupatsani mwayi wosankha momwe mungafunire poyendetsa. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizotheka kusankha mitundu yapadera yogwiritsira ntchito njira zodziwikira zokha: nyengo yozizira, masewera, ndalama. Kusiyana kwamafuta pakati pa mitundu yanthawi zonse, masewera ndi zachuma zikuwonekeratu.

Kutumiza kwachikale komwe kumakhalapo kumakhala ndi ma gearbox apulaneti, makina owongolera komanso chosinthira makokedwe. Makina atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mgalimoto, magalimoto komanso mabasi.

Makina osinthira makokedwe amakhala ndi matayala ampope ndi chopangira mphamvu okhala ndi riyakitala pakati pawo. Gudumu la pampu limalumikizidwa ndi crankshaft ya injini, gudumu lamphamvu limalumikizidwa ndi shaft yamagiya. Ma riyakitala, kutengera magwiridwe antchito, amazungulira mwaufulu kapena kutsekedwa ndi cholumikizira chopitilira muyeso.

Kutumiza kwa makokedwe kuchokera ku injini kupita ku bokosi lamagiya kumachitika poyenda kwamadzi (mafuta) omwe amatulutsidwa ndi zotumphukira pamasamba amphepo. Mipata pakati pa chopangira mafuta ndi chopangira mafuta ndiyochepa, ndipo masamba ake ali ndi mawonekedwe apadera omwe amapangitsa kuti mafuta azungulire mosalekeza. Chifukwa chake, kulibe kulumikizana kolimba pakati pa injini ndi kufalitsa, komwe kumathandizira kuti kufalikira kwa kuyeserera kosavuta.

Chosinthira makokedwe chimatembenuza liwiro lozungulira ndi makokedwe opatsirana mopitilira muyeso, chifukwa chake bokosi lamiyala yama mapulaneti limalumikizidwa nalo. Zimaperekanso mayendedwe obwerera m'mbuyo.

Kusunthira kwa magiya kumachitika mukapanikizika kwamafuta pogwiritsa ntchito mikangano. Kupanikizika pakati pama clutch, molingana ndi magwiridwe antchito a gearbox, kumagawidwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina a solenoid valves (solenoids) motsogozedwa ndi unit control.

Zoyipa zodziyendera zokha ndizotsika mtengo kwake, komanso kuchuluka kwamafuta.

Makhalidwe ofananitsa amitundu iwiri yama gearbox

Ndi chida chiti chomwe chili chabwino: CVT kapena zodziwikiratu? Tiyeni tikhale ndi mawonekedwe ofanana omwe amakupatsani mwayi wosiyanitsa ndikuwona mabokosi omwe ali abwino komanso odalirika.

Kusiyanitsa pakati pa chosinthira ndi makina othamanga kuchokera pamalingaliro azachuma

Ndi bokosi lamagetsi liti lomwe lili bwino malinga ndi mtengo wogwiritsira ntchito: CVT kapena yodzichitira yokha? Tiyeni tiyerekeze zina mwa zisonyezo.

1. Kutumiza madzi. Kusintha kwamafuta a CVT kumachitika pafupipafupi komanso kukwera mtengo.
2. Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta. Mafuta m'galimoto yokhala ndi ma variator ndiopanda ndalama zambiri.
3. Zokonza. Kusamalira ndi kukonza kwa kusiyanasiyana ndikokwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito makina. CVT ndi njira yovuta komanso yovuta.

Ngakhale ndizokwera mtengo kusunga CVT, bokosilo ndilotsika mtengo kuposa makina. Ndi kugwiritsa ntchito bwino bokosilo, limatha kukhala nthawi yayitali popanda kukonzedwa.

Ndi chida chiti chomwe chili chabwino pankhani yodalirika

Kuti tidziwe kuchuluka kwa kudalirika kwa zida, takhazikitsa zovuta zingapo:

• kuthekera kokoka;
• kutali ndi msewu;
• kuthamanga kwambiri;
• kukwera masewera.

Osiyanasiyana sangathe kuthana ndi zovuta. Lamba wake sangapirire kupsinjika. Mfuti yamakina idzachita bwino pano. Kutulutsa kwa CVT - kuyenda kosalala popanda mathamangitsidwe ankhanza.

Momwe mungadziwire kuti ndi chida chiti chomwe chayikidwa mgalimoto

1. Ndikofunika kuti muphunzire zolemba zamakina. Mayina a mtunduwo ndi CVT, makinawa ndi AT.
2. Yendetsani mayeso. Ngati chosinthira chayikidwa, ndiye kuti simungamve kusintha kwamagalimoto. Makinawa amatha "kumvetsera" ndikuyang'aniridwa ndi tachometer. CVT imagwira ntchito mu kiyi imodzi, yoyesedwa. Komabe, ndizotheka kuti pali mtundu winawake wapadera womwe umafanizira kusintha kwamagalimoto ndikulola driver kuti azimva kusuntha.

Tiyeni tifotokozere mwachidule

Masiku ano, zotumiza zodziwikiratu ndizofala kwambiri kuposa ma CVTs. Koma womaliza ali ndi kuthekera kwakukulu. Kutumiza kwazokha ndikotetezeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito mgalimoto zamagetsi zamagetsi zazikulu ndi zoyendetsedwa. Kuchokera pakuwona kwachuma, kusiyanasiyana kumawoneka kotheka.

CVT kapena zodziwikiratu? Chisankho ndi chanu. Ndipo zimatengera mawonekedwe azida zomwe ndizofunika kwambiri. Kodi mumakonda mzinda wosalala woyendetsa galimoto yaying'ono yonyamula? Kusankha kwanu ndi CVT. Ngati mumakonda kuyendetsa masewera kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kalavani, makina osinthika amangokupindulitsani.