Kodi chitsulo chogwiritsira ntchito kumbuyo ndi momwe chimagwirira ntchito

Axle yakumbuyo nthawi zambiri imatchedwa mtengo kapena subframe, kapena gearbox yotumizira. Zomwe zili, momwe zimawonekera, komanso momwe zimagwirira ntchito - werengani.

 Kodi chitsulo chogwira matayala kumbuyo ndi chiyani?

Axle yakumbuyo ndi galimoto yomwe imaphatikiza mawilo awiri pa ekisi imodzi, mawilo okhala ndi kuyimitsidwa ndi kuyimitsidwa ndi thupi. Pankhani ya gudumu lakumbuyo, msonkhano wa gearbox umatchedwa mlatho. 

Ntchito zoyambira kumbuyo

Chigawochi chimagwira ntchito zingapo:

• kutumiza kwa makokedwe. Kusiyanitsa kwamakina kumbuyo kumawonjezera makokedwe a underdrive. Komanso, mlathowu umatha kusintha magudumu oyendetsa magudumu oyendetsa, kulola mawilo kutembenuka mozungulira mthupi pomwe crankshaft imazungulira molumikizira galimoto;
• Kutembenuza kwa magudumu oyendetsa mothamanga mosiyanasiyana. Izi zimatheka pogwiritsa ntchito masiyanidwe (ma satelayiti othandizira), omwe amapatsanso makokedwe kutengera katundu pagudumu. Izi zimapangitsa kuti muthe kusinthana mosamala, makamaka kuthamanga kwambiri, ndipo kupezeka kwa loko kosiyanako kumakupatsani mwayi wothana ndi magawo ovuta gudumu limodzi likamatsika;
• kuthandizira mawilo ndi thupi. Mwachitsanzo, magalimoto a VAZ 2101-2123, GAZ "Volga" ali ndi chitsulo chotsekera kumbuyo, mnyumbamo (kusungitsa) komwe kuli bokosi lamagalimoto loyendetsera chitsulo chogwirira ndi chitsulo chogwira matayala, komanso mabuleki a mabuleki. Poterepa, kuyimitsidwa kumadalira.

Pamagalimoto amakono kwambiri, axle yachikale imapereka kuthekera kopitilira kumtunda chifukwa cha kuyimitsidwa kwakutali, kulimba kwanyengo, komanso kuyenda mosavutikira, mwachitsanzo, mu Toyota Land Cruiser 200 SUV.

Kapangidwe ndi kapangidwe ka chitsulo chogwirizira cham'mbuyo mgalimoto

Zinthu zakutsogolo zakutchire kumbuyo:

• crankcase (yosungira), nthawi zambiri chidutswa chimodzi, ndi chivundikiro pakati kuti mufikire kumbuyo kwa kusiyanasiyana. Pa magalimoto a UAZ, thupi limakhala ndi magawo awiri;
• Zida zoyendetsa ndi zoyendetsa ziwiri zazikulu;
• nyumba zosiyanitsira (cholumikizira chazitsulo chimasonkhanitsidwa mmenemo);
• magiya theka-chitsulo chogwira matayala (ma satelayiti);
• gulu la mayendedwe (zoyendera pagalimoto ndi masiyanidwe) ndi makina ochapira spacer;
• ya kusintha ndikusindikiza ma gaskets.

Mfundo ntchito ya chitsulo chogwira matayala kumbuyo. Galimoto ikayenda molunjika, makokedwewo amapititsidwa kudzera mu shaft propeller kupita pagalimoto yoyendetsa. Zida zoyendetsedwazo zimazungulira chifukwa chotsogozedwa, ndipo ma satelayiti amazungulira mofanana (koma osati mozungulira), ndikugawa mphindizo ku mawilo 50:50. 

Mukamayendetsa galimoto ya shaft imodzi, muyenera kuzungulira mozungulira, chifukwa kasinthasintha ka ma satelayiti ozungulira, pang'ono pang'ono, makokedwewo amaperekedwa pagudumu lotsitsidwa. Chifukwa chake, imapereka chitetezo ndipo palibe masikono popumira, kuthothoka komanso kuvala pang'ono mphira.

Kusiyanitsa kumagawika m'magulu angapo, iliyonse yomwe imagwira ntchito yomweyo, koma imachita m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Pali ma disc, ma screw, masikono ochepa, okhala ndi ma block okhwima. Zonsezi zimapereka kuthekera kopitilira kumtunda, chifukwa chake imagwiritsidwa ntchito pama crossovers ndi ma SUV. 

Momwe mungasungire chitsulo chakumbuyo chakumbuyo. Kukonzekera kwazitsulo kumafuna kusintha kwa mafuta nthawi ndi nthawi. Chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zida zama hypoid, mafuta mu bokosilo amayenera kutsatira mtundu wa GL-5. Kamodzi 200-250 zikwi zilizonse, padzakhala kofunika kusintha chigwirizano pakati pa zoyendetsa ndi zoyendetsa, komanso mayendedwe. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera cha mayendedwe, ma satelayiti ndi spacer washer, zimatha pafupifupi 300 km. 

Mitundu yamisonkhano yolowera kumbuyo

Lero pali mitundu itatu ya msonkhano wokhudzana ndi kumbuyo, wosiyana ndi mtundu wamagudumu ndi othandizira axle:

• shafts yofananira;
• kutsitsa kwathunthu matayala a shawa;
• kuyimitsidwa pawokha.

Chitsulo chogwira matayala ndi shafts theka-moyenera, amawateteza ndi zomata zooneka ngati C mu crankcase. Chitsulo chogwira matayala cholumikizira chimakhazikika ndi spline m'bokosi losiyanitsira, ndipo limathandizidwa ndi chozungulira chozungulira. Kuti muwonetsetse kuti mlathowo ndi wolimba, chidindo cha mafuta chimayikidwa patsogolo pa chimbalangacho.

Chitsulo chogwira matayala kumbuyo ndi shafts moyenera imasiyana chifukwa imatumiza makokedwe pagudumu, koma sivomereza katundu wotsatira ngati mawonekedwe amgalimoto. Ma shave shaft awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pamagalimoto ndi ma SUV, ali ndi mphamvu zambiri, koma ali ndi vuto lalikulu komanso kapangidwe kovuta.

Kumbuyo chitsulo chogwira matayala ndi kuyimitsidwa palokha - apa nkhwangwayo ili ndi hinge yakunja ndi yamkati yofanana ndi ma velocities ang'ono, pomwe gawo la kuyimitsidwa kwa thupi limachitidwa ndi gulu loyimitsidwa lodziyimira palokha, lomwe lili ndi ma levers 3 mbali imodzi. Ma axles oterowo ali ndi ndodo zosinthira chamber ndi chala, amakhala ndi maulendo osiyanasiyana oyimitsidwa, komanso kuwongolera bwino kwa bokosi la giya lakumbuyo chifukwa cha kapangidwe kosavuta kamangidwe kake ndi subframe.

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi milatho yagalimoto ndi chiyani? Pali mosalekeza (omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto okhala ndi kuyimitsidwa kodalira), kugawanika (mawilo amayikidwa pa kuyimitsidwa kodziyimira pawokha) ndi portal (yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto okhala ndi kuyimitsidwa kwamalumikizidwe angapo ndikuwonjezera chilolezo chapansi) mlatho.

Kodi milatho yamagalimoto imagwiritsidwa ntchito chiyani? Chigawochi chimagwirizanitsa magudumu oyendetsa galimoto ndikuwateteza ku kuyimitsidwa. Imalandila ndikutumiza torque kumawilo.

Kodi ekseli yakumbuyo ndi ya chiyani? Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto akumbuyo ndi magudumu anayi. Zimagwirizanitsa mawilo a axle. Amapereka kutumiza kwa torque ku mawilo pogwiritsa ntchito shaft ya propeller (kuchokera kumalo otumizira) ndi kusiyanitsa (kulola mawilo kuti azizungulira mozungulira).