Kodi turbocharger ndi chiyani? Phunzirani za momwe turbocharger imagwirira ntchito mu injini yoyaka mkati

Dzinalo palokha limasonyeza kuti cholinga cha turbine ndi compression. Mpweya umafunika kuti uyatse mafuta, choncho turbocharger imakhudza mpweya wolowa m'chipinda choyaka. Kodi kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya kumatanthauza chiyani? Chifukwa cha izi, n'zotheka kuwotcha mlingo waukulu wa mafuta, zomwe zikutanthauza kuonjezera mphamvu ya injini. Koma iyi si ntchito yokhayo yomwe turbine imagwira. Dziwani zambiri zama turbocharger zamagalimoto!

Kodi turbine imakonzedwa bwanji?

Ngati mukufuna kumvetsetsa momwe turbine imagwirira ntchito, muyenera kudziwa momwe imagwirira ntchito. Amagawidwa m'magawo awiri otchedwa:

• ozizira;
• otentha.

Mbali yotentha imakhala ndi gudumu la turbine, lomwe limayendetsedwa ndi mpweya wotuluka chifukwa cha kuyaka kwa kusakaniza kwa mpweya wamafuta. Chotsitsacho chimayikidwa m'nyumba yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi utsi wa injini. Mbali yozizira imakhalanso ndi chopondera ndi nyumba momwe mpweya umakankhira kuchokera ku fyuluta ya mpweya. Ma rotor onse amayikidwa pakatikati pa compressor.

Peyala kumbali yozizira ndi gawo lofunikanso. Ndodo imatseka valavu yotulutsa mpweya pamene kuwonjezereka kwakukulu kumafika.

Kugwiritsa ntchito turbocharger m'galimoto yoyaka mkati

Pansi pa mphamvu ya mpweya wa flue, rotor kumbali yotentha imathamanga. Pa nthawi yomweyi, rotor yomwe ili kumapeto ena a pachimake imayendetsedwa. Chokhazikika cha geometry turbocharger chimadalira kwambiri mphamvu ya mpweya wotulutsa mpweya, motero kuthamanga kwa injini kumapangitsa kuti ma rotor atembenuke mofulumira. Mu mapangidwe atsopano, kusuntha kwa masamba osuntha a turbine kumakhudza. Chiŵerengero cha kuthamanga kwa mphamvu ndi kuthamanga kwa injini kumachepa. Chifukwa chake, boost ikuwoneka kale mumayendedwe otsika.

Turbocharger - mfundo ntchito ndi zotsatira pa injini

Chotheka ndi chiyani chifukwa chakuti mpweya wopanikizika umalowa m'chipinda choyaka moto? Monga mukudziwira, mpweya wochuluka, mpweya wochuluka. Chotsatiracho chokha sichimakhudza kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu ya unit, koma kuwonjezera apo, wowongolera injini amatulutsanso mlingo wowonjezereka wa mafuta ndi kukweza kulikonse. Popanda okosijeni, sakanatha kuwotchedwa. Choncho, turbocharger kumawonjezera mphamvu ndi makokedwe a injini.

Turbocharger - kodi mbali yozizira imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Dzina limeneli linachokera kuti? Ndikugogomezera kuti mpweya womwe umalowa m'malo olowera ndi wozizira (kapena wozizira kwambiri kuposa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya). Poyamba, opanga adayika ma turbocharger okha mu injini zomwe zimakakamiza mpweya kuchokera ku fyuluta kupita kuchipinda choyaka. Komabe, zidadziwika kuti zimawotcha ndipo mphamvu ya chipangizocho imachepa. Chifukwa chake, ndinayenera kukhazikitsa makina ozizirira komanso choziziritsa kukhosi.

Kodi intercooler imagwira ntchito bwanji ndipo chifukwa chiyani imayikidwa?

Radiyeta idapangidwa kuti mpweya wodutsa mu zipsepse zake uziziziritsa mpweya womwe umalowetsedwamo. Makina a gasi amatsimikizira kuti kuchuluka kwa mpweya kumadalira kutentha. Kuzizira kwambiri, kumakhala ndi okosijeni wambiri. Choncho, mpweya wochuluka ukhoza kukakamizidwa kulowa mu chipinda cha injini panthawi imodzi, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti ziwotchedwe. Kuchokera kufakitale, choziziritsa kukhosi nthawi zambiri chinkakwera pakhoma la magudumu kapena kumunsi kwa bampa. Komabe, zawonedwa kuti zimapereka zotulukapo zabwino kwambiri zikaikidwa patsogolo pa choziziritsira madzimadzi.

Kodi turbocharger ya dizilo imagwira ntchito bwanji - ndi yosiyana?

Mwachidule - ayi. Injini zonse zoyatsira moto ndi zoyatsira moto zimatulutsa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya, motero turbocharger mu injini yamafuta, dizilo, ndi gasi imagwira ntchito chimodzimodzi. Komabe, kasamalidwe kake kungakhale kosiyana pogwiritsa ntchito:

• valavu yodutsa;
• kuwongolera vacuum (mwachitsanzo vavu N75);
• malo osiyanasiyana a masamba. 

Kuzungulira kwa turbine mu injini yopatsidwa kumathanso kusiyana. Mu dizilo ndi mayunitsi ang'onoang'ono a petulo, kuwonjezeka kumatha kumveka kale kuchokera pamagawo otsika. Mitundu yakale yamagalimoto amafuta nthawi zambiri imakwera kwambiri pa 3000 rpm.

Ma turbocharger atsopano amagalimoto ndi zida zawo zamagalimoto

Mpaka posachedwa, kugwiritsa ntchito ma turbocharger opitilira imodzi pa injini kunasungidwa kwa injini zogwira ntchito kwambiri zokha. Tsopano palibe chodabwitsa mu izi, chifukwa ngakhale isanafike 2000, mapangidwe ndi ma turbines awiri opangidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito misa (mwachitsanzo, Audi A6 C5 2.7 biturbo). Nthawi zambiri, zomera zazikulu zoyaka moto zimakhala ndi ma turbines awiri amitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mmodzi wa iwo amayendetsa injini pang'onopang'ono rpm, ndipo winayo amapereka mphamvu pa rpm yapamwamba mpaka rev limiter itatha.

Turbocharger ndi chinthu chopangidwa mwaluso komanso choyenera kusamalidwa. Imayendetsedwa ndi mafuta a injini ndipo imafunikira chisamaliro choyenera. Izi ndizothandiza osati pakuyendetsa mwachangu, kuthamangitsa kapena kuwonjezera mphamvu mgalimoto. Ndizothandiza kwambiri. Mutha kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta (simufunika kuwonjezera mphamvu ya injini kuti mupeze mphamvu zambiri), kuchotsa utsi (makamaka ma dizilo), ndikuwonjezera mphamvu panthawi yofunika kwambiri (podutsa, mwachitsanzo).