Kodi jekeseni wamafuta ndi chiyani?

Bosch adapanga jekeseni wamafuta a dizilo mu 1920 poyankha kukwera kwamafuta ndi mitengo. Chiyambireni jekeseni wamafuta m'magalimoto, kuthamanga ndi kuthamanga kwa magalimoto ambiri kwasintha. kukokomeza kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kwapangitsa injini kukhala yotsika mtengo, yogwira ntchito bwino komanso yapanga apamwamba mphamvu ya akavalo. Tekinoloje iyi, ngakhale zasinthidwa, inde amagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano m'mainjini a dizilo ndi mafuta.

Injector yamafuta ndi chipangizo chopopera ndi kubaya mafuta m'chipinda choyatsira mkati. injini. The jekeseni atomize mafuta ndi kupopera mwachindunji mu chipinda kuyaka pa mfundo zina kuyaka mkombero. Majekeseni atsopano amathanso kuyeza kuchuluka kwa mafuta monga momwe amachitira ndi kuwongolera. ndi chiyani zamagetsi zamagetsi (ECM). mafuta fMafuta ojambulira tsopano amakhala ngati njira ina ya carburetor, momwe mpweya wamafuta osakanikirana umayamwa ndi vacuum yomwe imapangidwa ndi pisitoni yopita pansi.

Monga lamulo, majekeseni a mafuta a dizilo amaikidwa pamutu wa injini ndi nsonga mkati mwa chipinda choyaka moto. chemba, dzenje kukula, kuchuluka kwa mabowo ndi ngodya zopopera zimatha kusiyana ndi injini kupita ku injini.

Majekeseni a petulo akhoza kuikidwa pakumwa. zambiri (много-port jekeseni, throttle matupi, kapena posachedwapa mwachindunji mu chipinda choyaka moto (GDI).

Chifukwa chiyani majekeseni amafuta amafunikira?

Majekeseni amafuta ndizofunikira kwambiri pa injini chifukwa:

Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito injini zoyatsira mkati imati kusakaniza kwamafuta ndi mpweya wabwino kumapangitsa kuyaka bwino, komwe, amapereka mphamvu zamainjini apamwamba komanso kuchepa kwa mpweya.

Kusakanikirana kosakwanira kwamafuta ndi mpweya woperekedwa ndi ma carburetor kumasiya tinthu tating'ono tambiri tosawotchedwa mkati mwa chipinda choyaka cha injini yoyaka moto. Izi zimabweretsa kufalitsa kosayenera kwa lawi loyaka chifukwa cha wonongeka amadziwika kuti "detonation", komanso mpweya wambiri.

Mafuta osayaka ngati mpweya kapena mpweya wosayaka ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono mkati mwa chipinda choyaka moto amasokoneza magwiridwe antchito (mileage).), ndi mpweya wa galimoto. Kuti izi zitheke, ukadaulo wapamwamba wa jakisoni wamafuta udakhala wofunikira.

Mitundu ya jekeseni wamafuta

Kukula kwa matekinoloje a jakisoni wamafuta kwapangitsa kuti pakhale njira zosiyanasiyana zojambulira mafuta, monga jakisoni wamafuta a throttle, jakisoni wamafuta ambiri, jakisoni wamafuta otsatizana ndi jakisoni wachindunji, zomwe zimasiyana kutengera ntchito.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya ma jekeseni amafuta:

Zamakono dieMajekeseni odziyendetsa okha amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa atomization ndi jekeseni kapena atomization dizilo (mafuta olemera kuposa mafuta) mwachindunji muchipinda choyaka moto cha dizilo magalimoto kwa compression poyatsira (Ayi Spark plug).

Majekeseni amafuta a dizilo amafunikira jekeseni wokwera kwambiri. (up mpaka 30,000 psi) kuposa ma jekeseni a petulo chifukwa dizilo ndi lolemera kuposa petulo komanso kuthamanga kwambiri kumafunika kuti atomize mafutawo.

2. Majekeseni amafuta a petulo

Majekeseni amafuta amafuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito kubaya mwachindunji kapena kupopera mafuta. (GDI) kapena kudzera munjira zambiri (multi-port) kapena kugwedeza thupi m'chipinda choyaka kuti chiyatse.

Mapangidwe a jekeseni wa petulo ikusintha ndi mtundu…ma nozzles atsopano a GDI amagwiritsa ntchito bowo lambiri, malo ambiri ndi throttle thupi ntchito kugwirizana popanda cholinga.Kuthamanga kwa jekeseni wa petrol ndikotsika kwambiri kuposa Imfakusankha…3000 psi kwa GDI ndi 35 psi kwa Wosindikiza kalembedwe

Zoyambira Zopangira Mafuta - Majekeseni

Pali 2 mitundu ya mafuta dosing (jekeseni nthawi ulamuliro kuchuluka,pressure, ndi nthawi yoperekera mafuta) mafuta majekeseni. Ma injini amakono amakhala ndi jakisoni mpaka 5 pamayendedwe oyaka aliwonse ... kuti apindule ndikuchita bwino komanso kuchepetsa umuna.

1. Majekeseni amafuta okhala ndi makina owongolera

Makina ojambulira mafuta omwe amawongolera mafuta liwiro, kuchuluka, время ndi kuthamanga ikuchitika umakaniko ntchito akasupe ndi plungers. Zigawozi zimalandira chizindikiro kuchokera ku cam kapena pampu yamafuta othamanga kwambiri.

2. Majekeseni amagetsi amagetsi

Mafuta ojambulirawa amayendetsedwa pakompyuta pankhani ya kuchuluka kwamafuta. pressure, ndi masiku omalizira. Solenoid yamagetsi imalandira deta kuchokera ku module control module. (ECU) galimoto.

kapangidwe ka jekeseni wamafuta

Mapangidwe osavuta a mphuno yamafuta amafanana ndi mphuno ya payipi yamunda yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupopera madzi paudzu.Ntchito yomweyi imachitidwa ndi jekeseni wamafuta, koma kusiyana kwake ndikuti mmalo mwa madzi, mafuta amawathira ndi "kupopera" mkati mwa injini, ndikulowa m'chipinda choyaka moto.

Tiyeni Mvetsetsani kamangidwe ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka jekeseni wamafuta poganizira zojambulira mafuta pamakina ndi pakompyuta.

Injector yamafuta ndi makina owongolera

Majekeseni amafuta okhala ndi makina owongolera ali kuchokera mzigawo zotsatirazi:

Nyumba ya jekeseni - nyumba yakunja kapena "chipolopolo" momwe mbali zina zonse za jekeseni zili. an injector yopangidwa mkati. Mkati mwa jekeseni thupi liyenera kukhala ndi capillary yokonzedwa bwino kapena njira yomwe mafuta othamanga kwambiri kuchokera ku pampu yamafuta amatha kuyenda kuti atomization ndi jekeseni.

· Plunger - Injector yamafuta imatha kugwiritsa ntchito pisitoni yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsegula kapena kutseka jekeseniyo ndi mphamvu yamafuta. Imayendetsedwa ndi kuphatikiza akasupe ndi ma spacers.

· Akasupe - Kasupe mmodzi kapena awiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwa majekeseni amafuta oyendetsedwa ndi makina. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

1. Plunger kasupe. Kuyenda kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa plunger kumayendetsedwa ndi kasupe wa plunger, yemwe amaponderezedwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mafuta. Pamene kuthamanga kwa mafuta mkati mwa jekeseni wamafuta kumawonjezeka kufika pamtengo woposa kasupe / shim kuphatikiza, singano mu nozzle umakwera, mafuta ndi atomized ndi jekeseni, monga kuthamanga amachepetsa mphuno imatseka.

2. Main kasupe. Kasupe wamkulu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera doko la jekeseni. kukakamizidwa.Main kasupe amagwira ntchito kuchokera ku mphamvu yamafuta opangidwa ndi pampu yamafuta.

Injector yamafuta yokhala ndi mphamvu zamagetsi

Uwu ndi mtundu wa "smart" wa jekeseni wamafuta womwe umayendetsedwa ndi injini yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi (ECM), yomwe imadziwikanso kuti ubongo wamainjini amakono.

Majekeseni amafuta oyendetsedwa ndi magetsi amakhala ndi zotsatirazi magawo:

· Thupi la Nozzle. Monga jekeseni wamafuta woyendetsedwa ndi makina, thupi lamtundu uwu ndi chipolopolo chopangidwa mwaluso chomwe chili mkati mwake momwe zinthu zina zonse zilili.

· Plunger. Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi majekeseni amafuta oyendetsedwa ndi makina, plunger imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutsegula ndi kutseka mphuno, koma muzobaya zoyendetsedwa ndimagetsi, kutsegula kwa nozzle kumayendetsedwa pakompyuta pogwiritsa ntchito ma electromagnets kapena solenoids.

Kasupe - Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi jekeseni wamafuta omwe amayendetsedwa mwamakina, kasupe wa plunger amagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwirizira pulayi pamalo ake mpaka kuthamanga kwa jekeseni kufikiridwa, kenako kutseka jekeseni wamafuta pomwe mokakamizidwa.

· Magetsi amagetsi. Mosiyana ndi majekeseni oyendetsedwa ndi makina, jekeseni yamtunduwu imakhala ndi ma electromagnets kapena solenoids mozungulira plunger yomwe imayang'anira kutsegula kwa jekeseni. Izi zimachitika polandira chizindikiro chamagetsi kuchokera ku ECM kudzera pa intaneti yolumikiza jekeseni wamafuta ku ECM.

· Pulagi / cholumikizira chamagetsi. Injector yoyendetsedwa ndi magetsi imakhala ndi cholumikizira chomwe chizindikiro chamagetsi kuchokera ku injini ya ECM chimaperekedwa kupita ku majekeseni. Izi zimatsegula mphuno в kupopera mafuta.