Kodi lamba wanthawi ndi chiyani

Kodi lamba wanthawi ndi chiyani komanso ntchito ya lamba momwemo

Makina ogawa gasi (chidule cha GRM) ndi njira yomwe imapereka polowera ndi kutulutsa kwamadzi ogwirira ntchito mu injini zoyaka moto. Mwachidule, imayang'anira nthawi ya valve, pokhala ndi udindo wopereka nthawi yake (jekeseni) ya mafuta osakaniza mpweya muzitsulo zogwirira ntchito komanso kutulutsa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya kuchokera kwa iwo.

Lamba wanthawi (nthawi yofupikitsa) ndi yomwe imayang'anira kulunzanitsa crankshaft ndi camshafts. Izi zimatsimikizira kufanana kwenikweni kwa kayendetsedwe ka injini: ma valve amatsegula ndi kutseka ndendende nthawi zomwe zimagwirizana ndi malo amodzi a pistoni.

Magalimoto ambiri amakono ali ndi injini zoyaka mkati mwa sitiroko, njira yoyendetsera yomwe ili ndi magawo anayi - kudya, kuponderezana, sitiroko yamagetsi ndi utsi.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito bwino injini, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kayendedwe ka pistoni mkati mwa masilinda ndi kulunzanitsa bwino ndi kutsegula ndi kutseka kwa mavavu olowera ndi kutulutsa. Popanda nthawi yoyenera, injini sizingagwire ntchito. Ntchitoyi ikuchitika ndi makina ogawa gasi (GRM).

Cholinga cha nthawiyi ndikudzaza masilindala ndi kusakaniza kwamafuta a mpweya ndikuchotsa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya pa nthawi yodziwika bwino.

Chinthu chowongolera nthawi ndi camshaft, makamera omwe amatsegula ndi kutseka ma valve. Kuti camshaft igwire ntchito yake, iyenera kuzunguliridwa. Izi ndi zomwe lamba amachita, omwe amatumiza torque kuchokera ku crankshaft. Pa injini iliyonse yathunthu, camshaft imazungulira kamodzi ndipo crankshaft imazungulira kawiri.

Kuphatikiza pa kulunzanitsa crankshaft ndi camshaft, lamba wanthawi yayitali nthawi zambiri amatsimikiziranso kugwira ntchito kwa mpope wamadzi.

Nthawi zambiri, lamba limakutidwanso ndi chotchinga kuti dothi, mchenga kapena matalala zisalowepo. Komabe, kufika kwa icho kuti chiwunikidwe kapena kusinthidwa nthawi zambiri sikovuta.

Lamba wa nthawi amawoneka ngati mphete yotakata yokhala ndi mano mkati. Amapangidwa kuchokera ku mphira, komwe fiberglass kapena ma polima amawonjezeredwa kuti awonjezere kukana komanso kukana kutentha.

Zifukwa zolephera

Ngakhale kuti malamba amasiku ano ali ndi mphamvu, amatha kuvala.

Madalaivala ambiri samayang'anira bwino momwe alili ndipo amanyalanyaza nthawi zosinthira zomwe opanga amavomereza. Zotsatira zake, kuvala kwachilengedwe kumatha ndi kupuma.

Vuto lalikulu likhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi mafuta kapena madzi ena omwe amalowa palamba, zomwe zingayambitse kutsetsereka, motero, kusokonezeka kwa injini. Pamapeto pake, zonse zidzatha pa thanthwe. Madzi akunja sangathe kukhala odalirika komanso kuchotsedwa kwathunthu, kotero lamba liyenera kusinthidwa posachedwa muzochitika zotere.

Kuphatikiza apo, pampu yamadzi, odzigudubuza ndi makina kapena ma hydraulic tensioners amathanso kukhala magwero azovuta, zomwe zimafunikanso kuyang'aniridwa.

Zotsatira za thanthwe

Lamba wanthawiyo akasweka, camshaft nthawi yomweyo imasiya kusinthasintha ndikusiya kuwongolera ma valve, omwe amaundana m'boma lomwe anali panthawi yopuma.

Kenaka, ma pistoniwo anagunda ma valve, kuwasokoneza. Ma pistoniwo amatha kuwonongeka. Kuchita kwa unyolo kungayambitse kulephera kwa camshaft, mutu wa silinda ndi mbali zina za injini. Zonsezi zidzabweretsa kukonzanso kwamtengo wapatali kwa unit, ndipo nthawi zina kungayambitse ngozi.

Mwamwayi, lamba wosweka nthawi nthawi zambiri amapezeka poyambitsa injini panthawi yoyambira. Ngati izi zichitika pa liwiro lotsika, ndiye kuti kuwonongeka kosasinthika kungapewedwe ndipo nkhaniyi imangowonongeka ndi ma valve kapena owongolera awo.

Zonsezi ndi zoona kwa otchedwa injini zosokoneza, imene pistoni ndi mavavu kugawana malo wamba, koma osati kugunda pa ntchito yachibadwa. Mapangidwe awa ndi mtundu wa malipiro owonjezera mphamvu ndi mphamvu. Awa ndi mafuta ambiri komanso mayunitsi ambiri a dizilo. Ngati injini yanu ilibe zosokoneza, ndiye ngati galimoto ya rabara ikusweka, ndikwanira kuisintha ndipo mukhoza kupitiriza kuyendetsa.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa lamba ndi unyolo kufala

Kuphatikiza pa lamba wa mphira, unyolo wachitsulo ungagwiritsidwe ntchito kutumiza kuzungulira kuchokera ku crankshaft kupita ku camshaft, yomwe imawoneka ngati unyolo wa njinga.

Unyolo ndi wokwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa lamba, koma umakhala ndi moyo wautali wautumiki. Nthawi zambiri, opanga amalimbikitsa kuti asinthe pambuyo pa mtunda wina, ndipo ena amatsutsa kuti unyolo suyenera kusinthidwa konse. Zonse zimadalira mtundu wa galimoto.

Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa kuvala kwa unyolo, mosiyana ndi lamba wa mphira, kumakhala kovuta kuyesa kuwona, koma chitsulo chowonongeka chidzadzipangitsa kumva mwa kugogoda injini ikazizira. Ndipo kupuma kosayembekezereka m'derali sikumaphatikizidwa.

Poyerekeza ndi lamba, unyolowu sukhudzidwa ndi kusinthasintha kwa kutentha komanso kachitidwe koyendetsa mwaukali.

Zoyipa zake zimaphatikizapo phokoso panthawi yogwira ntchito komanso kufunikira kothira mafuta pafupipafupi.

Chinthu chinanso cha ma chain drive ndi ma hydraulic tensioners, omwe amayendetsedwa ndi kuthamanga kwamafuta a injini. Ngati pazifukwa zilizonse kuthamanga kwa mafuta kutsika, kuthamanga kwa unyolo kumatha kusweka. Malumikizidwe a unyolo wotayirira amatha kutsetsereka pamano, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti injini isagwire ntchito bwino.

Nthawi yosintha lamba wanthawi

Mofanana ndi zida zina zogwiritsira ntchito ndi zipangizo, nthawi yoyendetsa galimoto iyenera kusinthidwa ndi yatsopano panthawi yake. Chinthuchi sichikhoza kukonzedwa. Kukoka ndi m'malo ndi bizinesi yowopsa kwambiri. Chisamaliro choyambirira komanso zotsika mtengo zimathandizira kupewa kukonzanso kapena kusintha injini, mtengo wake womwe ungafanane ndi mtengo wagalimoto yokha.

Nthawi yoyenera yosinthira lamba wanthawi yayitali imadalira mtundu wa makinawo komanso mtundu wa injini. Opanga ku Europe nthawi zambiri amawonetsa mtunda wa makilomita 70-100, ngakhale pali kuchotserapo, m'mwamba ndi pansi. Mu Chiyukireniya zinthu, ndi bwino kuganizira 50 zikwi.

Koma nthawi zambiri galimoto ya rabara imayenera kusinthidwa kale kuposa masiku awa. Ikhoza kutambasula ndi kugwa, ndipo ming'alu ingawonekere pamenepo. Izi zitha kuwonedwa ndi kuyang'ana kowonekera. Poyang'anira, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti lambayo wakhazikika bwino, ndipo mano sanathe komanso kukhala ndi mgwirizano wodalirika ndi magiya a shafts. Musalole zamadzi zilizonse zamafuta kuti zigwirizane ndi galimotoyo. Ngakhale mafuta ochepa amatha kutsetsereka.

Pogula lamba wa nthawi, samalani ndi zolembera. Kuyendetsa kuyenera kukhala kogwirizana ndi injini yanu, kukhala ndi nambala yolondola ya mano, phula ndi m'lifupi.

Lamba ayenera kukhala wodalirika, wokhazikika, wosagwirizana ndi kutambasula komanso kupirira kutentha kwapamwamba. Choncho, kupewa zinthu zokayikitsa chiyambi ndi khalidwe osadziwika.

Kuti musagwirenso ntchitoyo pambuyo pake, nthawi yomweyo ndikofunikira kusintha magawo omwe ali ndi zida zomwezo - odzigudubuza, ma tensioners, komanso pampu yamadzi ngati imayendetsedwa ndi lamba wanthawi.