Kodi plywood ndi chiyani?

         

Mapulani a plywood kapena "mapepala" amakhala ndi zigawo zitatu kapena zingapo zopyapyala zamatabwa achilengedwe olumikizidwa pamodzi.

Zigawozi zimadziwika kuti "zigawo", chifukwa chake amatchedwa "plywood". Monga lamulo, plywood yowonjezereka, imakhala ndi zigawo zambiri.

        

Ndizinthu zosunthika zomwe zimakhala ndi ntchito zambiri, kuyambira pakhoma ndi pansi kupita ku nkhungu za konkriti, mipando yopangira ndi zoyika. 

        

Plywood ndi yamphamvu kwambiri kuposa zida zina zamatabwa monga medium density fibreboard (MDF).

Onani tsamba lathu MDF ndi chiyani?, kuti mumve zambiri pa Medium Density Fibreboard.

        

Mphamvu ya plywood ndi chifukwa chakuti mayendedwe a ulusi wamtundu uliwonse amasinthana ndi zigawo zoyandikana.

         

        

Kuzungulira kwa njere pagawo lililonse, komwe kumatchedwa mtanda, nthawi zambiri kumakhala madigiri 90 (ngodya yolondola). Izi zikutanthauza kuti njere za wina ndi mzake zimalunjika mbali imodzi, ndipo wosanjikizawo amawongoleredwa pamakona a digirii 90 pakati pawo. Komabe, ngodya yozungulira imatha kukhala yotsika mpaka madigiri 30. M'mitengo ina yokulirapo, zigawo zisanu ndi ziwiri zimatha kukonzedwa motsatizana pamakona a 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, ndi 180 madigiri).

       

Kuzungulira njere kuli ndi ubwino wambiri. Izi:

• Amachepetsa mwayi wogawanika pamene mapepala akhomeredwa m'mphepete

• Amachepetsa kukulitsa ndi kuchepa kuti akhazikike bwino

• Amapereka plywood mphamvu yosasinthasintha kumbali zonse pa bolodi lonse. 

        

Mbiri Yachidule ya Plywood

   

Egypt yakale

Zida zamatabwa zomwe zidapangidwa ku Egypt wakale cha m'ma 3500 BC ndi zitsanzo zakale kwambiri zogwiritsa ntchito plywood. Anapangidwa ndi matabwa ocheka ndi matayala omwe amamatira mopingasa, mofanana ndi matabwa amakono.

        

China, England ndi France

Pafupifupi zaka 1,000 zapitazo. Anthu a ku China ankakonza matabwa n’kumamatira kuti apange mipando.

Anthu a ku Britain ndi a ku France anapanga mapanelo mofanana kuchokera ku plywood m'zaka za m'ma 17 ndi 18.

        

Kuchokera kunyumba mpaka kumanga

Zitsanzo zoyambirira za plywood, zomwe nthawi zambiri zinkapangidwa kuchokera ku matabwa olimba okongoletsera, zinkagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zinthu zapakhomo monga makabati, zifuwa, ma countertops, ndi zitseko.

Softwood plywood kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito pomanga idawonekera m'zaka za zana la 20.

         

Kodi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito chiyani?

   

Kuchuluka kwa ntchito

Kusiyanasiyana kwa ntchito za plywood, m'nyumba ndi kunja, kumawoneka kosatha. Pomanga, angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'makoma, pansi, madenga ndi masitepe; monga formwork (mtundu wa mawonekedwe) kugwira konkire pakukhazikitsa; ndi m’mafelemu akanthawi omangira njerwa kapena mwala poyala mipata yopingasa.

        

Zinyumba

Plywood imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri popanga mipando.

        

Package, modelling ndi zojambulajambula

Ntchito zina zimaphatikizapo zoyikapo zotetezedwa, zida zamasewera ndi masewera, ngakhale matupi a magalimoto ena ndi ndege zopepuka.

Nthawi zambiri plywood yopyapyala imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zitsanzo, ndipo akatswiri ena amajambulapo atapaka pulasitala, chosindikizira chomwe chimapereka malo owoneka bwino omwe amasunga utoto bwino.

        

Zapangidwira Zolinga Zapadera

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya plywood imapangidwira zolinga zenizeni. Mwachitsanzo, plywood yolimba kwambiri yopangidwa kuchokera ku mahogany ndi/kapena birch idagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga ndege zankhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, pomwe plywood yam'madzi yopangidwa kuchokera kumaso amphamvu ndi ma veneers amkati okhala ndi zolakwika zochepa imagwira bwino ntchito panyowa ndi chinyezi.

         

makhalidwe a

   

Mphamvu

Plywood ndi yolimba, nthawi zambiri imagonjetsedwa ndi kuwonongeka, imakhala yopepuka, komanso yosavuta kudula ndi "kugwira ntchito" ndi zida.

Ndiabwino kwambiri ngati pepala lopangira kapena kuphimba zazikulu, zosalala, zotsetsereka kapena zowoneka bwino monga makoma, pansi, mitundu ina ya madenga ndi zotengera zazikulu. 

        

Zothandiza pa ntchito zovuta

Mitundu ina ya plywood ndi yoyenera kugwira ntchito zovuta kwambiri, monga kupanga zitsanzo, zithunzi zamatabwa, ndi mabokosi ang'onoang'ono.

        

Mapanelo akuluakulu amaphimba mwachangu malo akuluakulu

Chifukwa plywood imapezeka m'mapanelo akuluakulu, madera akuluakulu amatha kuphimbidwa ndi kuphatikizika pang'ono, ndipo kusankha kwakukulu kwa makulidwe kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu ingapo kuchokera ku mashelufu akulu mpaka kuwonda.

         

Kodi plywood imapangidwa bwanji?

   

Kupanga plywood nthawi zambiri kumafuna zipika zotchedwa "hullers" zomwe zimakhala zazikulu m'mimba mwake komanso zowongoka kuposa chipika chomwe matabwawo amadulidwa.

Khungwa limachotsedwa peeler isanatenthedwe ndikunyowetsedwa kwa maola 12 mpaka 40 musanadule.

        

Kenako imayikidwa m'makina akulu osenda ndikuzungulira mozungulira ... 

        … pamene tsamba lalitali limalekanitsa pepala lopitirira kapena wosanjikiza ndi chipika.        Pepala lalitali limadulidwa mu zidutswa za kutalika ndi m'lifupi koyambirira, ndipo malowo amafufuzidwa kuti akhale ndi zolakwika.        

Zigawozo zimakanikizidwa ndikumata pamodzi, ndipo matabwa omwe amatsatira amadulidwa mpaka kufika pomaliza.

Chomaliza ntchito zambiri akupera - kusanja - matabwa. Ma board ena amakutidwa (monga melamine kapena acrylic) ndipo m'mphepete mwake amasindikizidwa.

         

Kodi mitundu ya plywood ndi chiyani?

   

Mtundu wa plywood ndi waukulu kwambiri. M'munsimu muli ena mwa mitundu ikuluikulu yomwe ilipo. Lankhulani ndi ogulitsa omanga anu kapena yang'anani pa intaneti ngati mukufuna china chake chachindunji kuti mukwaniritse chosowa china.

        

Coniferous plywood

Uwu ndi mtundu wamba wa plywood womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pomanga ndi mafakitale.

        

Plywood yolimba

Mtundu uwu uli ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso zolimba. Kukana kwake kuwonongeka ndi kuvala kumapangitsa kukhala koyenera kumadera ovuta kuphatikizapo pansi ndi makoma.

       

plywood otentha

Chopangidwa kuchokera kumitengo ya ku Asia, Africa ndi South America yotentha, plywood iyi imaposa plywood yofewa chifukwa cha mphamvu yake yowonjezereka komanso kusalala kwa plies. Ndilo kusankha kokondedwa ndi ambiri pantchito yomanga. Zitsanzo zina zimakhala ndi maonekedwe okongola kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mumitundu ina ya mipando. 

       

Plywood yapaulendo

Chopangidwa kuchokera ku mahogany kapena birch, ndipo nthawi zambiri zonsezi, plywood yamphamvu kwambiri iyi imakhala yomatira pamodzi ndi zomatira zomwe sizimva kutentha ndi chinyezi. Inagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ndege zina pa nthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano m'njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimafuna mphamvu zofanana ndi kupirira.

        

Kukongoletsa plywood

Plywood iyi ili ndi matabwa olimba owoneka bwino omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamipando, pakhoma ndi ntchito zina "zapamwamba". Mitundu ina yokongoletsera yakunja imaphatikizapo nkhungu ndi mapepala opangidwa ndi utomoni.

        

plywood yosinthika

Plywood yosinthika, yomwe nthawi zina imatchedwa "chipboard plywood" chifukwa chogwiritsidwa ntchito mu zipewa za "chimney" mu nthawi za Victorian, idagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mawonekedwe opindika. 

        

plywood yam'madzi

Plywood yam'madzi, monga momwe dzina lake likusonyezera, ndiye kusankha kwa mabwato ndi ntchito zina zambiri komwe kumakhala konyowa komanso konyowa. Imalimbana ndi kuukira kwa fungal ndi delamination - zigawo zikayamba kufota, nthawi zambiri chifukwa chokumana ndi chinyontho. Choyipa chake ndikuti ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa mitundu ina yambiri ya plywood.

        

Plywood yopanda moto

Ichi ndi plywood chopangidwa ndi mankhwala kuti awonjezere kukana moto.

        

Plywood laminated ndi phenol

Laminate yotentha imasungunuka pamwamba pa plywood iyi. Pamwamba pake amatha kusiyidwa bwino kuti apange mawonekedwe - mwachitsanzo, nkhungu yopangira konkriti kapena mawonekedwe osakhalitsa kuti agwire zipilala za njerwa ndi mitundu ina m'malo mwake mpaka matope akhazikike - kapena mawonekedwe atha kukanikizidwa kuti asagwedezeke kapena kukongoletsa. kumaliza. Mapulogalamu.

         

Ndi makulidwe ati omwe alipo?

   

Makulidwe apamwamba komanso ochepa kwambiri a mapepala nthawi zambiri amadalira mtundu wa plywood, koma kukula kodziwika bwino ndi 4ft ndi 8ft (1220mm x 2440mm). Mapepala akuluakulu ndi ang'onoang'ono nthawi zambiri amapezeka, nthawi zambiri amawonjezera phazi limodzi (1 mm).

        

Makulidwe a plywood amasiyana kuchokera pa 1/16" (1.4mm) mpaka 1" (25mm), ngakhale mapepala okhuthala amapezeka kuti agwiritse ntchito mwapadera.

         

Kodi plywood imasankhidwa bwanji?

   

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya plywood imayikidwa mosiyanasiyana, kutengera mtundu wa nkhuni zomwe amapangidwa kuchokera kapena dziko lomwe adachokera. Kuunikira kumatanthawuza mtundu wa nkhuni zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kaya gawo limodzi kapena zonse zakunja kapena zakunja zili ndi zolakwika zochepa kapena zambiri, komanso ngati cholakwika chilichonse chachotsedwa panthawi yopanga.

                 

Mwachitsanzo, mitundu ya birch plywood:

• S kalasi (wapamwamba) - zigawo zazing'ono zokha ndi makhalidwe

• Kalasi BB (yapakatikati) - zigamba zowulungika zoyikidwa m'malo mwa mfundo zazikulu ndi zolakwika zilizonse.

• Gulu la WG (otsika) - zolakwika zotseguka pama mfundo ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi mfundo zazikulu zokonzedwa.

• Kalasi C (otsika kwambiri) - zolakwika zotseguka zololedwa

       

Palinso mitundu yaku Brazil, Chile, Finnish, Russian, Swedish ndi mitundu ina yambiri. Musanagule, yang'anani kalasi ya plywood kuti muwonetsetse kuti plywood ikukwaniritsa zofunikira pa ntchitoyo. 

         

Kodi miyezo ya plywood ndi yotani?

   

Pali miyezo yosiyana - European ndi BS (British Standards) - ya plywood yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Mwachitsanzo, mu gawo lazomangamanga, muyezo waku Europe wa mapanelo opangidwa ndi matabwa EN 13986 amafuna kuti plywood yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pantchito yomanga ikwaniritse gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a EN 636, ndipo ogulitsa ayenera kupereka umboni wa izi. 

        

Maphunzirowa amatengera kukana chinyezi kwa plywood yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana a nyumba monga madenga, magawo, pansi, ndi makoma akunja opangidwa ndi matabwa.

        Mitundu ina imaphatikizana bwino kwambiri ndi nyengo komanso mphamvu zakunja kuti zikwaniritse milingo yeniyeni monga BS 1088 (plywood yogwiritsidwa ntchito panyanja), pomwe malamulo okhazikika a BS 5268-2:2002 amagwira ntchito ku mphamvu za plywood, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga. Ndibwino kuyang'ana ngati plywood yomwe mukugula ndi yolondola kuti mugwiritse ntchito.