Kodi chilolezo chapansi cha galimoto ndi njira 6 zowonjezeretsa
Zamkatimu
Pali mikangano yovuta kwambiri ya mawu ofotokozera tanthauzo lachilolezo chapansi. Zimafika poti amayamba kuyang'ana kusiyana pakati pa chilolezo chapansi ndi chilolezo. Ndipotu, ichi ndi chinthu chomwecho, kumasulira kwenikweni kwa Chingerezi "clearance".
Koma pali ma nuances, makamaka chifukwa nthawi zambiri khalidwe la galimoto limakhala chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri, kudziwa kuti n'zotheka kuyenda zina.
Zomwe zimatchedwa chilolezo m'galimoto
Pali matanthauzo angapo, kutengera dziko ndi miyezo yovomerezeka ndi makampani ndi ogula.
Zonse zokhudzana ndi kupeza malo oyezera kuchokera pafupi kwambiri ndi galimoto kupita kumtunda kupita kumtunda, komwe kumatanthawuza lingaliro la chilolezo.
- Malingana ndi GOST yamakono ya ku Russia, chilolezo cha pansi chimayesedwa ngati mtunda wochokera kumalo otsika kwambiri kupita ku msewu, koma mkatikati mwa pansi ndi chassis.
Ndipo ichi ndi rectangle, kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo malire ndi miyeso ya galimoto, koma pambali ndi ndege ofukula, kupanga dera la 80 peresenti mtunda pakati pa malo amkati matayala.
Izi zimachitidwa kuti musaganizire zinthu zoyimitsidwa zotsika, zoteteza matope ndi zina zomwe zimatetezedwa ndi kuyandikira kwa mawilo.
Kuyeza kumapangidwa pansi pa katundu womwe umapanga kulemera kwakukulu kololedwa kwa galimotoyo.
- Miyezo yaku Germany imatsata pafupifupi cholinga chomwecho, koma mwanjira ina. Arc ya bwalo imakokedwa, kulembera mbali zamkati za magudumu ndi malo otsika kwambiri a thupi. Kuphatikiza kwa ma arcs otere kumapanga silinda, yomwe galimotoyo imadutsa popanda kuigwira ndi thupi ndi chassis.
Kutalika kochepa kwa silinda iyi pamwamba pa msewu kudzakhala chilolezo. Mwachitsanzo, kukwera kwa ma axle gearbox a SUV sikungaganizidwe ngati atasunthidwa kumbali kuchokera kumtunda wautali wa galimoto, zomwe zimakhala zomveka kuyendetsa galimoto.
- Muukadaulo wankhondo, kusagwirizana sikuphatikizidwa. Palibe chomwe chiyenera kukhudza pansi poyezera malo ovomerezeka. Choncho, malo onse pansi pamunsi amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
- Nthawi zina zilolezo ziwiri zimakambitsirana, imodzi pansi pa ma axles amtundu wopitilira, ndipo yachiwiri pansi pazigawo zina zonse zomwe zayimitsidwa. Izi ndizomveka kwa ma SUV, chifukwa ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kusintha kwa chilolezo chapansi pomwe kuyimitsidwa kukugwira ntchito. Mtunda wochokera kumalo otsika kwambiri a mlatho sukusintha, koma izi sizofunikira, thumba lolimba limasinthidwa kuti lidulidwe munthaka pamtunda wa njanji.
Kuchotsa nthawi zambiri kumadalira kwambiri katundu wa makina. Chifukwa chake kusagwirizana pakuwunika kwake. Si onse opanga omwe amatchula njira yoyezera.
Chotsatira chake, ma crossovers ambiri ali ndi masentimita 15-17 kuchokera ku 12-14 centimita omwe adalengeza, ngakhale galimotoyo itadzaza pang'ono. Makamaka ngati wogulitsa akuyika chitetezo chowonjezera cha magetsi, popanda zomwe zimakhala zosafunika kwambiri kuyendetsa.
Kodi overhang angles ndi chiyani
Nthawi zambiri, ma overhangs agalimoto amakhala chizindikiro chofunikira chofananira cha kuthekera kwapadziko lonse lapansi.
Izi ndizo mtunda wa kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kuchokera kumagulu okhudzana ndi mawilo ndi msewu wopita ku miyeso yakunja ya galimoto. Koma paokha, sizimakhudza magwiridwe antchito monga ngodya zomwe zimapanga nthawi imodzi, chifukwa tsatanetsatane muzowonjezera zimatha kupezeka kwambiri.
Ngati mzere umakokedwa pakati pa malo olumikizana ndi gawo lotsika kwambiri la overhang, ndiye kuti ngodya pakati pa mzerewo ndi ndege ya msewu imakhala yozungulira, yomwe imatchulidwa molondola muyeso ngati ngodya yolowera kapena yotuluka.
Popeza, mwa tanthawuzo, mulibe thupi kapena chimango pamakona awa, kuwonjezeka kwawo kumakupatsani mwayi woyendetsa mpaka zopinga popanda kuwonongeka ndi kupanikizana, mwachitsanzo, kuyimitsa pamtunda wapamwamba kapena kugonjetsa kukwera kotsetsereka ndikudumpha kwambiri pambiri. .
Nthawi zambiri, ngodya zimachepetsedwa ndi ma bumpers, zinthu zotulutsa mpweya kapena zomata.
Kuthamanga kwa maonekedwe a galimoto kumavutika kwambiri ndi ma bumpers okwera kwambiri komanso okwera kwambiri. Mukhoza, mwachitsanzo, kuona momwe izi zinasankhidwira kutsogolo kwa Lexus RX crossover ya m'badwo woyamba ndi wachiwiri, ndi momwe luso lodutsa dziko linaperekedwa mwadala nsembe yachitatu, makamaka m'mibadwo yachinayi.
Mbali yakumbuyo yakumbuyo nthawi zambiri imakhala yosavuta, pomwe imawonjezeka chifukwa cha lingaliro la kapangidwe ka aerodynamic pseudo-diffuser.
Momwe mungayezere malo otsetsereka agalimoto
Kuti muyese chilolezo chapansi, ndikwanira kukhazikitsa galimoto pamalo athyathyathya, kuyiyika pamlingo wofunikira, mokwanira kapena pang'ono, ndikupeza malo otsikitsitsa pansi pamtunda wa pafupifupi 10 centimita kutali ndi mkati mwa mawilo.
Nthawi zambiri, ichi ndi chinsalu chachitetezo pansi pa ma crankcase a injini ndi kufala, kapena ngati magalimoto akumsewu - "apulo" wa masheya a gearbox.
Palinso zolakwika za mapangidwe, pamene zinthu za dongosolo la utsi, matanki amafuta, ndipo ngakhale pansi pa thupi ndi mawaya amagetsi, mabuleki ndi mizere yamafuta ndizotsika kwambiri. Misewu yokhotakhota imatsutsana kwambiri ndi magalimoto otere popanda kutenga njira zodzitetezera.
Mutha kuyeza mtunda kuchokera pamalo omwe mwapeza kupita kumsewu ndi muyeso wamba wa tepi. Podziwa chilolezo chapansi, mukhoza kuneneratu molondola ndimeyi yotetezeka ya galimoto pa zopinga zomwe zingatheke.
Zigawo zosinthika, monga alonda amatope, zimatha kuchotsedwa, sizidzawonongeka mwanjira iliyonse.
Momwe mungakulitsire chilolezo pansi
Ngati mungafune, kuthekera kwa makina kuthana ndi zopinga kumatha kupitsidwanso paokha. Pali njira zingapo zomwe zimasiyana pakulondola kwakupeza zotsatira zomwe mukufuna.
Spacers
Iyi ndi imodzi mwa njira zothandiza kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amatchedwa kuyimitsa kuyimitsidwa. Pachifukwa ichi, ma spacers opangidwa mwapadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito, amayikidwa pakati pa zotanuka ndi zonyowa za kuyimitsidwa (akasupe ndi ma shock absorbers) ndi malo awo ophatikizika pathupi. Mtundu wa spacers umadalira mtundu wa kuyimitsidwa.
Nthawi zambiri, kuyimitsidwa kumapangidwa molingana ndi mfundo ya MacPherson, pomwe akasupe ndi zotsekemera zimaphatikizidwa kukhala rack, ma spacers amayikidwa pakati pa zothandizira kumtunda ndi magalasi amthupi. Kutalika kwa ma spacers nthawi zambiri kumakhala pafupifupi 3 cm, ndi zolakwika zotheka.
Ndi kuchuluka kwa kukweza kumeneku, mawonekedwe agalimoto adzasintha pang'ono. Kupitilira izi kungayambitse zovuta pakuwongolera, kuwongolera mawilo komanso kuchepetsa moyo wamagalimoto.
Akasupe aatali kapena olimba
Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zotanuka ndi zinthu zina, mwachitsanzo, akasupe okhala ndi makulidwe a bar kapena ma coil owonjezera, kunena mosapita m'mbali, sikukweza kuyimitsidwa.
Malo okwera azomwe amanjenjemera samasamutsidwa, kuyenda koyimitsidwa kumasintha, ndipo chilolezocho chimadalira kwambiri katundu. Kulakwitsa kwa njirayi ndi kodziwikiratu, koma kumagwiritsidwabe ntchito, chifukwa ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.
Ndikokwanira kungogula ndi kupereka akasupe kuchokera kugalimoto ina, zosintha, kapena zopangidwa mwapadera ndi makampani opanga.
Kawirikawiri, zizindikiro za kit zimasonyeza kuchuluka kwa kukweza, koma sizidziwika pansi pa katundu wotani, popeza kuphatikiza kwa kusintha kwautali ndi kuuma kumafuna kuwerengera.
Kuyimitsidwa kwa pneumohydraulic (akasupe a mpweya)
Kugwiritsa ntchito ma cushion oponderezedwa, kuphatikiza kapena popanda ma hydraulics, kumatheka m'njira zosiyanasiyana, monga ma spacers ndi zinthu zina zotanuka.
Chifukwa chake, zonse zimabwera ku imodzi mwamilandu yomwe tafotokozayi. Koma pali maubwino awiri:
- chilolezo chingasinthidwe mwamsanga kuchokera pampando wa dalaivala;
- mogwirizana, zimakhala zotheka kusintha kuuma kwa kuyimitsidwa.
Nthawi zambiri, njirayo imaphatikizidwa ndi kuyika kwa zotsekemera zosinthika, zomwe zimapatsa mphamvu kuuma kwamphamvu ndikusintha kuyimitsidwa kosavuta kukhala chosinthira. Kusintha kotereku kumapereka zotsatira zabwino kwambiri, komanso kumawononga ndalama zambiri.
Matayala apamwamba
Kusintha ma geometry a matayala molondola kumawonjezera chilolezo chapansi ndikusunga zinthu zoyimitsidwa zosankhidwa ndi fakitale, koma ndizotheka pang'ono:
- mawilo akuluakulu amayamba kukhudza mazenera ndi magawo a chassis poyendetsa mabampu ndi kumakona;
- mphamvu ya galimoto ikuwonongeka, zomwe zimafuna kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe kake;
- ngodya zazikulu zoterera zimachepetsa kugwira ntchito pa asphalt.
Komabe, matayala akuluakulu pafupifupi nthawi zonse amaikidwa pamene ikukonzekera SUVs, nthawi zambiri ndi makongoletsedwe magudumu okonza, kuyimitsidwa ndi kunyamulira thupi anapanga, magiya magiya mabokosi gearbox ndi kusamutsa milandu kusintha.
Ma disks akuluakulu
Kuchulukitsa kwa ma disks kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri kuti awonjezere chilolezo. Nthawi zambiri izi zimafunika kukonza mawonekedwe kapena kutengera mabuleki amphamvu kwambiri.
Ngakhale ndizotheka ngati pakufunika kuwonjezera utali wozungulira wa gudumu, ndipo simukufuna kusintha mbiri ya mphira pazifukwa zosungitsira kuwongolera.
Kugwiritsa ntchito ma pillows (mabuffers)
Njirayi ndi yophweka monga yolakwika. Pakati pa zopota za akasupe pali zinthu zowonjezera zotanuka zopangidwa ndi mphira kapena polyurethane, zomwe zimasintha kuuma kwa kuyimitsidwa.
Chilolezo chapansi chimawonjezeka, galimotoyo imapeza kukhazikika pamachitidwe, zomwe zimaganiziridwa kuti ndi zamasewera.
Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuyimitsidwa kumakhala kosakwanira, chiopsezo cha kusweka kwa kasupe kumawonjezeka chifukwa cha katundu wosagwirizana pa ma coils, ndipo ulendo wobwereranso wa zowonongeka zimachepa.
M'malo mwake, iyi ndi njira yotsika mtengo yogwiritsira ntchito akasupe olimba, koma ndi kuchepa kwina pakudalirika. Yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito makina ngati galimoto, makamaka ndi ngolo. Kutengera nthawi zonse kuyang'anira mkhalidwe wa kuyimitsidwa.
Kuchulukitsa chilolezo ndi ntchito yosatetezeka, chifukwa chake iyenera kuchitidwa ndi katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito, ndipo woyendetsa amachenjezedwa za zotsatira zake. Chisankho choyenera chingakhale kusintha galimotoyo kuti ikhale yoyenera kwambiri, pomwe chilolezocho chimakhala ndi fakitale.
