Zomwe muyenera kudziwa zamagetsi zamagalimoto anu?

Njira yamagetsi. Mfundo yantchito

Momwe magetsi a galimoto amagwirira ntchito. Dongosolo lamagetsi lagalimotoyo lili ndi mayendedwe otsekedwa ndi batire. Zimagwira ntchito pagawo laling'ono la mphamvu ya dera lanyumba. Kuphatikiza pa mabwalo akuluakulu oyendetsera, kuyambira ndi kuyatsa, pali mabwalo ena omwe magetsi akutsogolo, ma mota amagetsi, masensa ndi miyeso ya zida zamagetsi, zinthu zotenthetsera, zotsekera maginito, mawailesi, etc. Mabwalo onse amatsegulidwa ndikutsekedwa mwina ndi masiwichi. kapena ma relay - masiwichi akutali oyendetsedwa ndi ma elekitiroma. Panopa imayenda kudzera mu chingwe kuchokera pa batire kupita ku mphamvu yamagetsi ndikubwerera ku batri kudzera mu thupi lachitsulo la galimoto. Nyumbayo imalumikizidwa ndi batire pansi ndi chingwe chokhuthala. Mu dongosolo loyikirapo (-) loyikirapo, madzi akuyenda kuchokera ku terminal (+) kupita ku gawo lomwe likugwiritsidwa ntchito. Chigawocho chimakhazikika pagalimoto yagalimoto, yomwe imakhazikika pa batire yoyipa (-).

Chipangizo chamagetsi chamagalimoto

Dongosolo lamtunduwu limatchedwa maziko, ndipo gawo lililonse lomwe limalumikizidwa ndi thupi lagalimoto limatchedwa nthaka. Zamakono zimayesedwa mu amperes (amperes); Kupanikizika komwe kumayenda mozungulira dera kumatchedwa voltage (volts). Magalimoto amakono ali ndi batri 12-volt. Mphamvu yake imayesedwa mu amperes / ora. Batire ya 56Ah iyenera kupereka 1A kwa maola 56 kapena 2A kwa maola 28. Ngati batire yamagetsi igwa, zocheperako pano zikuyenda ndipo pamapeto pake palibe zida zokwanira kuti zigwire ntchito. Zamakono, zamagetsi ndi kukana. Kutalika kwa waya mpaka pano kumatchedwa kukana ndipo kumayesedwa mu ohms. Mawaya opyapyala ndiosavuta kugwira kuposa akuda chifukwa ma elekitironi amakhala ndi malo ochepa oti adutse.
Mphamvu zambiri zofunika kupanga pakadali pano kudzera pakukana ndikusandulika kutentha.

Mfundo zoyambira zamagetsi zamagetsi

Izi zitha kukhala zothandiza, mwachitsanzo, mu babu loyatsa kwambiri lomwe limayatsa ndi loyera loyera. Komabe, chinthu chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yayikulu sichiyenera kulumikizidwa ndi mawaya ofooka kwambiri, apo ayi mawaya amatenthedwa, kutentha kapena kuwotcha. Ma unit onse amagetsi amalumikizidwa: voteji ya 1 volt imapangitsa kuti 1 ampere ipitirire pakulimbana kwa 1 ohm. Volt imagawidwa ma ohms ofanana ndi amperes. Mwachitsanzo, babu ya 3 ohm mu 12 volt system imagwiritsa ntchito 4 A. Izi zikutanthauza kuti iyenera kulumikizidwa ndi mawaya olimba mokwanira kunyamula 4 A. Nthawi zambiri madzi ampweya amawonetsedwa m'ma watt, omwe amatsimikizika pochulukitsa ma amplifiers ndi volt. Nyali yomwe ili mchitsanzo imagwiritsa ntchito ma watts 48.

Njira yamagetsi polarity

Zabwino komanso zoyipa
Magetsi amangoyenda kuchokera ku batri limodzi kupita mbali imodzi, ndipo zinthu zina zimangogwira ntchito ngati mayendedwe ake alunjika njira yoyenera. Kulandila njira imodzi kumatchedwa polarity. Pagalimoto zambiri, malo osungira () mabatire amakhala pansi ndipo magetsi (+) olumikizidwa ndi magetsi amalumikizidwa ndi magetsi. Izi zimatchedwa dongosolo loyipa lokhazikika ndipo, mwachitsanzo, mukamagula zida zamagetsi, onetsetsani kuti zikugwirizana ndi makina amgalimoto yanu. Kuyika wailesi ndikulakwitsa kolakwika kumawononga zida, koma mawayilesi ambiri agalimoto amakhala ndi switch yakunja yosakanikirana kuti igwirizane ndi galimotoyo. Pitani pamalo oyenera musanakhazikitse.

Short dera ndi mafyuzi

Ngati waya wa saizi yolakwika wagwiritsidwa ntchito, kapena ngati waya uduka kapena utaduka, zimatha kuyambitsa dera lalifupi mwangozi kuti lingodutsa gawo lotsutsa. Zomwe zilipo mu waya zimatha kukhala zowopsa ndikusungunula waya kapena kuyambitsa moto. Bokosi lama fuseti nthawi zambiri limapezeka mgulu la ziwonetsero monga zikuwonetsera apa. Bokosilo likuwonetsedwa ndi chivindikiro chatsekedwa. Pofuna kupewa izi, madera othandizira amaphatikizidwa. Fuse yamtundu wofala kwambiri ndi yayifupi pama waya opyapyala otsekedwa m'nyumba yosamva kutentha, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yamagalasi. Kukula kwa wochititsa woteteza ndi thinnest yomwe imatha kupirira mayendedwe achilengedwe osazungulira kwambiri ndipo amawerengedwa mu amperes. Kutuluka kwadzidzidzi kwaposachedwa kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti waya wamagetsi asungunuke kapena "kuphulika," ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale dera lotseguka.

Kufufuza zamagetsi

Izi zikachitika, fufuzani dera lalifupi kapena lotseguka, kenako ikani fuseti yatsopano ndi malo olondola (onani Kuyang'ana ndikusintha ma Fusasi). Pali mafyuzi ambiri, aliyense amateteza gulu laling'ono lazinthu kuti fyuzi imodzi isatseke dongosolo lonse. Mafyuzi ambiri amaphatikizidwa mubokosi lama fuseti, koma pakhoza kukhala mafyuzi amizere mu zingwe. Masekeli osanjikiza ndi ofanana. Dera limakhala ndi zinthu zopitilira chimodzi, monga mababu oyatsira magetsi. Zilibe kanthu kuti ndi zolumikizana mosiyanasiyana kapena zikufanana. Mwachitsanzo, nyali ya nyali yamtundu wina imakhala ndi kukana kwakanthawi kotero kuti imakoka mpweya winawake kuti uwale bwino. Koma pali nyali zosachepera ziwiri mu unyolo. Ngati atalumikizidwa motsatana, mphamvu yamagetsi imayenera kudutsa nyali imodzi kuti ifike inayo.

Kukaniza mumagetsi

Pakadali pano padzakumana kulimbana kawiri, ndipo kulimbikira kawiri kudzagawanitsa pakati, kotero mababu adzawala pang'ono. Kulumikizana kofananira kwa nyali kumatanthauza kuti magetsi amangodutsa mu babu iliyonse kamodzi. Zina mwazinthu zimayenera kulumikizidwa motsatana. Mwachitsanzo, munthu amene watumiza mafuta m'galimoto amasintha kayendedwe kake malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta mu thankiyo ndipo "amatumiza" mphamvu yaying'ono yamagetsi kutengera kukula kwa mafutawo. Zinthu ziwirizi zimalumikizidwa motsatana, kotero kusintha kwa kukana mu sensa kumakhudza malo a singano ya sensa. Maseketi othandizira. Sitata ili ndi chingwe chake cholemera, kuchokera pa batri. Dongosolo loyatsira limapereka magetsi okwera pamagetsi; ndipo dongosolo loyendetsa limaphatikizaponso jenereta yomwe imayika batiri. Maseketi ena onse amatchedwa madera othandizira.

Kugwirizana kwamagetsi

Ambiri mwa iwo amalumikizidwa kudzera pa switch switch, chifukwa chake amangogwira ntchito poyatsira. Izi zimakulepheretsani mwangozi kusiya chilichonse chomwe chingakhetse batire yanu. Komabe, nyali zam'mbali ndi zam'mbuyo, zomwe zimayenera kutsalira pomwe galimoto yayimilira, nthawi zonse zimalumikizidwa mosasamala kanthu kosinthira. Mukakhazikitsa zida zosankhira monga zoteteza pazenera lakumbuyo, nthawi zonse muziyendetsa pazoyatsira. Zina mwazinthu zothandizira zimatha kugwira ntchito popanda poyatsira posinthira pa "wothandiza". Kusinthaku nthawi zambiri kumalumikiza wailesi kuti izitha kuseweredwa injini ikazimitsidwa. Mawaya ndi madera osindikizidwa. Zida zolumikizira ku PCBzi zimachotsedwa ndikufinya misampha yomwe ili kumapeto kwake.

Zowonjezera pazokhudza magetsi

Zingwe zamawaya ndi zingwe zimagawidwa malinga ndi momwe zingathere posachedwa. Maukonde ovuta a mawaya amayenda kudzera pamakinawo. Pofuna kupewa chisokonezo, waya iliyonse imakhala ndi mitundu yolembera mitundu (koma m'galimoto yokha: mulibe mitundu yolembapo mitundu kapena yapadziko lonse lapansi). Mabuku ambiri ogwiritsira ntchito magalimoto ndi mabuku othandizira amakhala ndi zithunzi zolumikizira zomwe zingakhale zovuta kuzimvetsa. Komabe, kujambula mitundu ndiwothandiza potsatira zochitika. Mawaya amayenda moyandikana, amalumikizidwa pamodzi mupulasitiki kapena m'chimake cha nsalu kuti apange kosavuta kuyika. Mtolo wama wayawu umafutukula kutalika kwagalimotoyo ndipo mawaya amtundu umodzi kapena magulu ang'onoang'ono amawonekera akafunika, otchedwa chingwe choluka.

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi ma fuse amagwira ntchito bwanji pamabwalo amagetsi agalimoto? M'galimoto, ma fuse amakhala ndi ntchito imodzi yokha. Iwo kupewa mapangidwe mochulukira mu dera magetsi galimoto pa bolodi maukonde.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa fuse? Fuse iliyonse imavotera katundu wina wake. Kuti mwiniwake wagalimoto athe kudziwa fuse yomwe ikufunika pagawo linalake, kuchuluka kwa amperage kumawonetsedwa pazogulitsa zonse.

Momwe mungayang'anire ma fuse mugalimoto akugwira ntchito kapena ayi? Ndikokwanira kutulutsa fusesi muzitsulo ndikuwona ngati mitsempha yomwe ili mkati mwake yaphulika. M'ma fuse akale, izi zitha kuchitika popanda kuzichotsa pa socket.

Kodi ma fuse ndi a chiyani? Kutentha kwambiri kwa chingwe cha fuse chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti chingwe cha fuse chisungunuke. Izi ndizofunikira kuti fuyusiyo idutse mwachangu dera lodzaza kwambiri.