Chabwino n'chiti: kukonzanso injini kapena injini mgwirizano?

Masiku ano, pafupifupi pa siteshoni iliyonse, m'malo mokonzanso injini kapena kuchotsa kuvala kwa zinthu zina, amadzipereka kuti atenge injini ya "mgwirizano". Zotsutsa ndizosavuta: mofulumira, zotsika mtengo, zotsimikizika. Phindu? Koma m’kuchita zinthu nzosiyana kwambiri.

Choncho, ma syndromes amakhumudwitsa: utsi wa buluu kuchokera ku chimney, mphamvu imatayika, mawonekedwe a soot pa makandulo, mafuta ndi mafuta "adutsa" malire onse omwe angaganizidwe komanso osatheka. Chigamulo cha Master: Khan's engine. Potsimikizira mawu a makina - kupanikizika kochepa mu masilindala ndi kugogoda pamene mukugwira ntchito "popanda ntchito". Yakwana nthawi yoti injini ipume.

Yankho lidzaperekedwa nthawi yomweyo: chifukwa chiyani mudetsa manja anu ndikugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zowonjezera pamene mutha kukhazikitsa injini yatsopano mwachangu komanso mwaukadaulo? Chabwino, ngati chatsopano: chogwiritsidwa ntchito, koma chili bwino. Chitsimikizo! Injini ili pansi pa mgwirizano. Mapepala, zisindikizo, siginecha - zonse zilipo.

Chifukwa cha chizoloŵezi choterechi chikufotokozedwa momveka bwino: izi ndi ntchito yopatsa ndalama osati kwa "wozunzidwa" - galimoto ya mgwirizano idzawononga ndalama zochepa kuposa bulkhead ndipo, "likulu" - komanso ntchito. Zoonadi, muzochitika zopambana, galimotoyo idzakhala yokwera mtengo kwambiri masiku awiri kapena atatu, ndipo katswiri wamakina pa ntchito yotereyo sadzafunikanso.

Zinali kusowa kwa anthu oganiza bwino omwe adakhala chifukwa cha kulakalaka kwa zida zopangira mgwirizano: simungapeze katswiri wabwino masana ndi moto, ndipo chifukwa cha ntchito yake adzafunsa nthawi zambiri kuposa "makina"; kumatafuna makeke mosamalitsa pamalipiro. Masamu osavuta, iye ndi titi m'manja mwake. Bizinesi basi.

Mikangano "ya" yomwe ingatsogolere mwiniwake wa galimoto wonyansidwa ndi pafupifupi mofanana kulikonse: galimoto ya mgwirizano ndi yotsika mtengo, ilipo, injini, malinga ndi lamulo, tsopano tili ndi gawo lopuma losawerengeka, ntchitoyo idzatenga nthawi yochepa. . Pa zonsezi, zomaliza ndizowona: bulkhead kapena, Mulungu asalole, kukonzanso injini kumatenga nthawi yayitali kwambiri. Kupatula apo, gawo lamagetsi lotopa liyenera kupatulidwa, lopanda pake, kunyamula ndikupeza zida zosinthira zofunika, kukonza zida zomwe zikuyenera kubwezeretsedwa, kenako ndikusonkhanitsa.

Bicycle ponena za "gawo lopanda chiwerengero" lidzapita kumbali kwa mwiniwake wotsatira: palibe chomwe chimafufuzidwa mosamala ndi apolisi apagalimoto pagalimoto yogwiritsidwa ntchito podutsa njira yolembetsera, ngati galimoto. Pang'onopang'ono, molondola komanso mosunga nthawi, ogwira ntchito amayang'ana manambala, ndipo kusiyana kulikonse kumakutumizirani "kugogoda". Ndiko kuti, kufufuza.

Komabe, ngakhale mkangano uwu umayimitsa ochepa, amati, si vuto langa. Koma nkhani "yotsika mtengo" nthawi zonse imakhala yopambana! Palibe chomwe chimakopa woyendetsa galimoto ngati mwayi wosunga ndalama. Aliyense wayiwala kale za wansembe ndi kutsika mtengo, koma, ndithudi, amakumbukira za tchizi mumsampha wa mbewa.

Injini yabwino kwambiri, yokhala ndi mtunda wotsika kuchokera kudziko lamafuta apamwamba kwambiri, ikhala yokwera mtengo. Osatsika mtengo kwambiri kuposa "likulu", lomwe pamapeto pake limakutsimikizirani injini yabwino: yanu malinga ndi zolemba zomwe zilipo komanso zatsopano.

Apa m'pofunika kutchula zonse "i": fotokozani kusiyana pakati pa bulkhead ndi kukonzanso injini. Ndichizoloŵezi chotchedwa bulkhead kulowerera pang'ono, pamene ziwalo zowonongeka zimasinthidwa ndi mfundo: monga kusintha maulamuliro a valve, zisindikizo za tsinde la valve ndi camshaft. Panthawi ya bulkhead, mutu wa silinda umagwedezeka ndipo ma gaskets amasinthidwa.

Ngati galimotoyo ili pafupi ndi chitukuko chonse cha gwero lake, ndiye kuti idzafunika kukonzanso kwakukulu: injini idzaphwanyidwa kwathunthu, chiwerengero cha chiwonongeko cha chinthu chilichonse chidzayesedwa, chipika ndi mutu zidzafufuzidwa chifukwa cha ming'alu ndi zina. zizindikiro za ntchito, ndipo mipata yonse idzayesedwa mosamala. Mutu wa silinda udzatsukidwa ndi kupukutidwa, ngati kuli kofunikira, ming'alu idzabwezeretsedwa ndi kuwotcherera, camshaft idzabwezeretsedwa kapena kusinthidwa ndi yatsopano, ma valve adzasinthidwa, okweza ma hydraulic atsopano ndi zisindikizo za valve stem zidzayikidwa. Iwo adzabwezeretsa ntchito choyambirira cha crank limagwirira - chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa ntchito ya injini kuyaka mkati. Chotchingacho chidzatopetsa kukhazikitsa ma pistoni atsopano ndi mphete za pistoni, zomangira zidzayikidwa ngati kuli kofunikira, ming'alu idzakonzedwa, ma liner adzasinthidwa.

Inde, pakupanga kwake kudzakhala injini yatsopano mu chikhalidwe chake ndi magawo ake, omwe amafunikabe kusonkhanitsidwa molondola, ndipo, chofunika kwambiri, kukhazikitsidwa molondola kwa nthawi yoyamba mwa kusintha makina opangira moto ndi mafuta osakaniza. Pali zambiri zoti muchite kotero kuti palibe katswiri yemwe angatchule nthawi yomweyo mtengo weniweni wa kukonzanso koteroko.

Zonse za bulkhead ndi kukonzanso ndi ntchito zodula zomwe zingathe kupewedwa kapena, mwinamwake, kuchedwa. Kugwira ntchito moyenera ndi kukonzanso panthawi yake, kusamalira mosamala ndi kuyang'anitsitsa kosalekeza kudzalola ngakhale injini zamakono zolimba zamphamvu kwambiri kuti zikondweretse eni ake kwa makilomita zikwi zambiri.

Chabwino, ngati "muchotsa ku ulamuliro", ndiye kuti ngakhale magalimoto odziwika akale - "mamiliyoni" - sangathe kutsutsa chirichonse kumayendedwe amtundu waukulu wa mzinda waukulu ndi kupanikizana kwake ndikuyamba mwadzidzidzi kuchokera kumagetsi. , kusowa kwa kutentha ndi kuzizira koyenera, kugwira ntchito kosalekeza pa liwiro lapamwamba komanso kuimitsa mwadzidzidzi . Chitsulo chimathanso. Koma m'manja mwaluso, imatha kuchita izi pang'onopang'ono.