Kodi zikutanthawuza chiyani ngati galimoto ili ndi kuyimitsidwa kwamtundu wa "wishbone"?

Okonza makina oyimitsa magalimoto ayenera kuganizira zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo mtengo, kulemera kwa kuyimitsidwa ndi compactness, komanso makhalidwe omwe akufuna kuti akwaniritse. Palibe mapangidwe omwe ali abwino pazolinga zonsezi, koma mitundu yowerengeka yoyambira idayima nthawi yayitali:

• Double wishbone, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti A-mkono
• McPherson
• njira zambiri
• Nkhono yam'mwamba kapena kumbuyo
• Mzere wozungulira
• Ma axle olimba (omwe amatchedwanso moyo axle), nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi akasupe a masamba.

Mapangidwe onse omwe ali pamwambawa ndi machitidwe oyimitsidwa odziimira okha, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti gudumu lirilonse likhoza kuyenda popanda ena, kupatulapo mapangidwe olimba a axle.

Kuyimitsidwa kawiri kwa wishbone

Kuyimitsidwa kumodzi komwe kumakhala kofala pamagalimoto ochita bwino kwambiri ndikulakalaka kawiri. Poyimitsidwa pawiri wishbone, gudumu lililonse limamangiriridwa kugalimoto ndi ma wishbones awiri (omwe amadziwikanso kuti A-arms). Mikono iwiri yoyang'anira iyi imakhala yofanana ndi katatu, zomwe zimapatsa kuyimitsidwa mayina "A-arm" ndi "double wishbone" chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awa. Kukonzekera kwa magudumu kumamangiriridwa pa mkono uliwonse wolamulira pamalo omwe angakhale pamwamba pa A opangidwa ndi mkono uliwonse wolamulira (ngakhale mikono nthawi zambiri imakhala yofanana ndi pansi, kotero kuti "pamwamba" iyi siili pamwamba); mkono uliwonse wowongolera umamangiriridwa ku chimango chagalimoto m'munsi mwa A. Pamene gudumu limakwezedwa ndikutsitsidwa (chifukwa cha tokhala kapena mpukutu wa thupi, mwachitsanzo), mkono uliwonse wowongolera umapindika pazitsamba ziwiri kapena zolumikizira mpira pamunsi pake; palinso cholumikizira kapena cholumikizira mpira pomwe mkono uliwonse umamangiriza pamagudumu.

Kodi kuyimitsidwa kwa wishbone kumagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji?

Kuyimitsidwa kwapawiri komwe kumalakalaka kumakhala ndi manja owongolera omwe amakhala atali wosiyana pang'ono, ndipo nthawi zambiri makona awo akapuma galimoto amakhalanso osiyana. Posankha mosamala chiŵerengero pakati pa utali ndi ngodya za manja apamwamba ndi apansi, akatswiri oyendetsa galimoto amatha kusintha kukwera ndi kuyendetsa galimoto. Ndikotheka, mwachitsanzo, kusintha kuyimitsidwa kwapawiri kuti galimotoyo ikhale ndi camber yoyenera (kupendekera kwamkati kapena kunja kwa gudumu) ngakhale gudumu likathamangitsidwa pamabampu kapena galimoto ikutsamira pakona. kutembenuka kolimba; palibe mtundu wina wamba wa kuyimitsidwa womwe ungathenso kusunga mawilo pa ngodya yoyenera pamsewu, ndipo kotero kuti kuyimitsidwa kumeneku kumakhala kofala pamagalimoto apamwamba monga Ferraris ndi masewera a masewera monga Acura RLX. Mapangidwe apawiri a wishbone ndiyenso kuyimitsidwa kwa kusankha kwa magalimoto othamanga othamanga monga omwe amathamanga mu Formula 1 kapena Indianapolis; pa magalimoto ambiriwa, zowongolera zimawonekera bwino pamene zimachokera ku thupi kupita ku msonkhano wamagudumu.

Tsoka ilo, mapangidwe amitundu iwiri amatenga malo ochulukirapo kuposa mitundu ina yoyimitsidwa ndipo ndizovuta kuti agwirizane ndi galimoto yoyendetsa kutsogolo, chifukwa chake sichikwanira galimoto iliyonse kapena galimoto. Ngakhale magalimoto ena opangidwa kuti azigwira mothamanga kwambiri, monga Porsche 911 ndi ma sedan ambiri a BMW, amagwiritsa ntchito zida zina osati zolakalaka ziwiri, komanso magalimoto ena amasewera, monga Alfa Romeo GTV6, amangogwiritsa ntchito zolakalaka ziwiri pagulu limodzi. . mawilo.

Nkhani imodzi ya mawu oti muzindikire ndi yakuti machitidwe ena oyimitsidwa, monga MacPherson strut suspension, ali ndi mkono umodzi; mkono uwu nthawi zina umatchedwanso wishbone ndipo kotero kuyimitsidwa akhoza kuganiziridwa ngati "wishbone" dongosolo, koma anthu ambiri amene amagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "wishbone" akutanthauza awiri wishbone khwekhwe.