Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa torque ndi mphamvu

Akatswiri opanga magalimoto akhala akudziwa kwanthawi yayitali malingaliro ndi mawonekedwe azinthu zakuthupi monga mphamvu ya injini ndi torque. Mafunso amabwera kuchokera kwa oyamba kumene, koma oyendetsa galimoto omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi zamakono.

Makamaka posachedwapa, pamene ambiri popularizers ndi ndemanga galimoto, amene samvetsa kwenikweni maziko chiphunzitso, anayamba kutchula kuchuluka kwa makokedwe kufotokoza Motors, kuika patsogolo ngati chizindikiro chofunika kwambiri cha mtengo ntchito galimoto.

Popanda kufotokoza kwenikweni, choncho kusocheretsa owerenga ndi owona.

Kodi mphamvu ya injini ndi chiyani

Mphamvu ndikutha kugwira ntchito pagawo la nthawi. Pokhudzana ndi injini yamagalimoto, lingaliro ili likuwonetsa kutulutsa kwa injini momwe ndingathere.

Galimoto yoyenda imatsutsana ndi kuthamangitsidwa kwa injini, zotayika zimapita ku aerodynamics, kukangana ndi mphamvu zomwe zingatheke poyenda kukwera. Mphamvu zambiri zomwe zimalowa mu ntchitoyi sekondi iliyonse, kuthamanga kwagalimoto kumakhala kokwera kwambiri, motero mphamvu yake ngati galimoto.

Mphamvu zimayesedwa mu mahatchi, zomwe zakhala zikuchitika kale kapena mu kilowatts, izi zimavomerezedwa mufizikiki. Chiŵerengerocho ndi chosavuta - mphamvu imodzi ya akavalo ndi pafupifupi 0,736 kilowatts.

Mitundu ya mphamvu

Kuthamanga kwa injini kumapangidwa potembenuza mphamvu ya kusakaniza koyaka mu masilindala kukhala ntchito yamakina kuti izungulire crankshaft ndi kufalikira komwe kumayenderana. Mtengo wofunikira ndikukakamiza pisitoni mu silinda.

Kutengera njira yowerengera, mphamvu imatha kukhala yosiyana:

• chizindikiro - imawerengeredwa kudzera pakupanikizika kwapakati pa kuzungulira ndi dera la pistoni pansi;
• ogwira - pafupifupi zofanana, koma kukakamizidwa kovomerezeka kumakonzedwa chifukwa cha zotayika mu silinda;
• mwadzina, ndiyenso pazipita - chizindikiro pafupi ndi wogwiritsa ntchito mapeto, kusonyeza mphamvu ya galimoto kubwerera kwathunthu;
• mwachindunji kapena lita - limasonyeza ungwiro wa galimoto, mphamvu yake kupereka pazipita ku unit ya voliyumu ntchito.

Popeza tikukamba za ntchito pa nthawi ya nthawi, kubwerera kudzadalira kuthamanga kwa crankshaft, ndikuwonjezeka kwa liwiro kumawonjezeka.

Koma mwachidziwitso kokha, popeza zotayika zimawonjezeka pa liwiro lalikulu, mikhalidwe yodzaza masilindala ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira kumakulirakulira. Choncho, pali lingaliro la zosintha mphamvu pazipita.

Injini imatha kuzungulira kwambiri, koma kubwererako kudzachepa. Mpaka pano, mtengo uliwonse wa liwiro la ntchito umafanana ndi mphamvu yake.

Momwe mungadziwire mphamvu ya injini

Mtengo wa parameter umawerengedwa panthawi ya chitukuko cha galimoto. Kenako mayeso, kukonza bwino, kukhathamiritsa kwa mitundu kumachitika. Chotsatira chake, deta yowerengera ya injini imasonyeza mphamvu yake yovotera. Zomwe zimatchedwa kuti pazipita, zimamveka bwino kwa ogula.

Pali maimidwe galimoto kuti akhoza kutsegula injini ndi kudziwa mphamvu yake pa liwiro lililonse. Izi zikhoza kuchitika mu galimoto komanso.

 

Imayikidwa pamtunda wodzigudubuza, mphamvu yotulutsidwa mu katunduyo imayesedwa molondola, kutayika kwapatsira kumaganiziridwa, pambuyo pake kompyuta imapereka zotsatira zokhudzana ndi galimoto. Izi ndizothandiza pozindikira momwe galimotoyo ilili, komanso pakukonzekera, ndiye kuti, kukonza injini kuti isinthe mawonekedwe osankhidwa.

Makina amakono owongolera injini amasunga chithunzi chake cha masamu m'chikumbukiro, mafuta amaperekedwa kudzera momwemo, nthawi yoyatsira imapangidwa, ndikusintha kwina kwa magwiridwe antchito.

Malinga ndi zomwe zilipo, makompyuta amatha kuwerengera mphamvu molakwika, nthawi zina deta imawonetsedwa paziwonetsero za dalaivala.

Kodi torque ndi chiyani

Makokedwe ndi ofanana ndi mankhwala mphamvu ndi lever mkono, amene akhoza kukhala injini flywheel, chinthu chilichonse kufala kapena gudumu galimoto.

Mtengo uwu umagwirizana ndendende ndi mphamvu, zomwe zimayenderana ndi torque ndi liwiro lozungulira. Ndi iye amene amatengedwa ngati maziko a injini chitsanzo pa ntchito ya kompyuta ulamuliro. Mphindiyi imakhalanso yokhudzana ndi kupanikizika kwa mpweya pa pistoni.

Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu kwa mtengo wa torque ndikuti kumatha kusinthidwa mosavuta pakufalitsa. Kutsika m'bokosi kapena kusintha chiŵerengero cha gear cha gearbox ya gearbox, ngakhale kuwonjezeka kosavuta kapena kuchepa kwa utali wa kuzungulira kwa gudumu molingana ndi kusintha kwa mphindi, motero kuyesayesa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pagalimoto yonse.

Choncho, n'zopanda tanthauzo kunena kuti galimoto imathandizira ndi makokedwe injini. Ndikokwanira kuyatsa zida m'munsi - ndipo zidzawonjezeka ndi kuchuluka kulikonse.

Liwiro lakunja (VSH)

Ubale pakati pa mphamvu, torque ndi zosintha zikuwonetsa bwino graph yamakalata awo. Zosintha zimakonzedwa motsatira njira yopingasa, mphamvu ndi torque zimakonzedwa motsatira njira ziwiri zoyima.

M'malo mwake, pakhoza kukhala ma VSH ambiri, ndi apadera pakutsegulira kulikonse. Koma amagwiritsa ntchito imodzi - pamene chopondapo chowongolera chimakhala chokhumudwa.

Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera ku VSH kuti mphamvu ikuwonjezeka ndi kuwonjezeka kwa liwiro. N'zosadabwitsa, chifukwa iwo molingana ndi makokedwe nthawi zonse, koma sizingakhale zofanana pa liwiro lonse.

Mphindi ndi yaying'ono pamunsi kwambiri, kenako imawonjezeka, ndipo imachepanso pamene ikuyandikira kwambiri. Ndipo kotero kuti mphamvu imakhala ndi nsonga pa liwiro lomwelo mwadzina.

Phindu lothandiza silili nthawi yomweyo monga kugawa kwake pakusintha. Ndikofunikira kuti mupange yunifolomu, mwa mawonekedwe a alumali, ndi bwino kulamulira galimoto yoteroyo. Izi ndi zomwe amayesetsa m'magalimoto a anthu wamba.

Ndi injini iti yomwe ili bwino, yokhala ndi torque yayikulu kapena mphamvu

Pali mitundu ingapo ya injini:

• otsika-liwiro, ndi "thirakitala" mphindi pa bottoms;
• masewera othamanga kwambiri okhala ndi nsonga yodziwika yamphamvu ndi torque pafupi ndi pazipita;
• anthu wamba zothandiza, alumali makokedwe angaimbidwenso, inu mukhoza kusuntha ndi pang'ono kusinthana, pokhala ndi nkhokwe mphamvu ngati inu kupota injini.

Zonse zimadalira cholinga cha injini ndi zokonda za dalaivala. Mphamvu ndizofunikira kwa othamanga, sali aulesi kwambiri kuti asinthe kuti akhale ndi mphindi pamawilo kuti apititse patsogolo liwiro lililonse. Koma injini zotere ziyenera kukwezedwa, zomwe zimapereka phokoso lowonjezera komanso kuchepa kwazinthu.

Madizilo amagalimoto amagalimoto okhala ndi makina amakono opangira ma turbocharging amasinthidwa kuti azigwira ntchito ndi torque yayikulu pama rev otsika komanso liwiro lotsika ndi mphamvu yayikulu. Zimakhala zolimba komanso zosavuta kuzisamalira.

Chifukwa chake, ndiye njira yayikulu pakumanga magalimoto. Ndi ma transmissions odziwikiratu komanso kugawa kwa torque mozungulira rpm komwe kumakupatsani mwayi kuti musaganize posankha injini, koma kungoyang'ana mphamvu yake yayikulu.

The CVT kapena Mipikisano liwiro basi kufala kusankha mphindi mulingo woyenera pa mawilo oyendetsa okha.