Carron Armored Car, chitsanzo cha 1905 "N'zosakayikitsa kuti ambulera idzawonekera mu zida za asilikali oyenda pansi kuposa momwe angayambe kunyamula asilikali m'galimoto!" 1897 ndiye tsiku lokhazikitsidwa mwalamulo galimoto kulowa muutumiki ndi gulu lankhondo la France, pomwe, motsogozedwa ndi Colonel Feldman (mkulu wa luso lankhondo lankhondo), gulu lankhondo lankhondo linakhazikitsidwa, lomwe lidawonekera pambuyo pakugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto angapo ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumwera chakumadzulo ndi kum'mawa kwa France. . Chimodzi mwazinthu zoyamba za komitiyi chinali chisankho, pamodzi ndi Automobile Club of France, kuyesa magalimoto a Panard Levassor, Peugeot break, Morse, Delae, Georges-Richard ndi Maison Parisienne. Mayeserowa, omwe adaphatikizaponso kuthamanga kwa makilomita 200, adapambana magalimoto onse. Wowononga: Yambani kuyendetsa galimoto Chiyambi cha motorization ndi mechanization wa asilikali French January 17, 1898, utsogoleri wa luso utumiki wa zida zankhondo anatembenukira kwa akuluakulu akuluakulu ndi pempho kugula awiri Panard-Levassor, awiri Peugeot ndi awiri Maison Parisien magalimoto asilikali, koma anakana, chifukwa chimene anali lingaliro kuti magalimoto onse omwe alipo ndipo adzafunsidwa ngati kuli nkhondo, ndi kupatsidwa mayendedwe a chitukuko cha mafakitale a magalimoto, zida zogulidwa zimatha kutha msanga. Komabe, patatha chaka chimodzi asilikali anagula magalimoto oyambirira: Panhard-Levassor, Maison Parisian ndi Peugeot. Mu 1900, opanga osiyanasiyana amapereka magalimoto asanu ndi anayi omwe amangogwiritsidwa ntchito pankhondo. Imodzi mwa magalimoto amenewa inali basi ya Panhard-Levassor yonyamula anthu ogwira ntchito. Ngakhale kuti panthawiyo lingaliro la kunyamula asilikali m'galimoto linkawoneka ngati lopanda pake, ndipo mmodzi wa akatswiri ankhondo anati: "M'malo mwake, ambulera idzawonekera mu zida za asilikali kuposa asilikali omwe amanyamulidwa ndi galimoto!". Komabe, Ofesi Yankhondo idagula basi ya Panhard-Levassor, ndipo mu 1900, limodzi ndi magalimoto awiri ofunikira, idayendetsedwa pamayendedwe m'chigawo cha Bos, pomwe magalimoto asanu ndi atatu amitundu yosiyanasiyana adatenga nawo gawo. Magalimoto Panhard Levassor, 1896 - 1902 Galimotoyo itayikidwa mu utumiki, kunali koyenera kuyang'anira ntchito yake, ndipo pa February 18, 1902, lamulo linaperekedwa kuti ligule magalimoto: kalasi 25CV - ya garaja ya utumiki wa usilikali ndi magulu anzeru, 12CV - kwa mamembala a bungwe lalikulu lankhondo, 8CV - kwa akazembe olamulira magulu ankhondo. CV (Cheval Vapeur - French horsepower): 1CV ikufanana ndi 1,5 British horsepower kapena 2,2 British horsepower, 1 British horsepower ikufanana ndi 745,7 watts. Mphamvu yamahatchi yomwe tatengera ndi 736,499 watts. Wowononga: Yambani kuyendetsa galimoto Onyamula zida galimoto "Sharron" chitsanzo 1905 Galimoto yokhala ndi zida za Sharron inali yopangidwa mwaluso kwambiri munthawi yake. Asilikali a ku France anali m'modzi mwa oyamba kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto ngati apolisi. Olimba Charron, Girardot ndi Voig (CGV) idapanga magalimoto othamanga opambana ndipo inali yoyamba kuchitapo kanthu panjira yatsopanoyi popanga galimoto yokhala ndi zida zotengera zida zonyamula anthu. Galimotoyo inali ndi mfuti ya 8mm Hotchkiss, yomwe idayikidwa kumbuyo kwa barbette yokhala ndi zida m'malo mwa mipando yakumbuyo. Galimoto yoyendetsa kumbuyo (4 × 2) inali ndi kabati yotseguka yokhala ndi mipando iwiri, kumanja kwake komwe kunali malo antchito a dalaivala. Galimotoyo inaperekedwa ku Paris Motor Show mu 1902, inachititsa chidwi kwambiri asilikali. Mu 1903, galimoto oti muli nazo zida anayesedwa bwinobwino, koma izo zinali. Chifukwa chokwera mtengo kwambiri, magalimoto awiri okha adamangidwa - "Sharron" chitsanzo 1902 ndipo anakhalabe pa prototype siteji. Koma kasamalidwe kampani "Charron, Girardot ndi Voy" anazindikira kuti asilikali sakanakhoza kuchita popanda magalimoto oti muli nazo zida ndi ntchito kukonza galimoto anapitiriza. Pambuyo pa zaka 3, chitsanzo chatsopano cha galimoto yankhondo chinaperekedwa, momwe ndemanga zonse ndi zofooka zinaganiziridwa. Pa galimoto yankhondo Sharron Model 1905 ng'ombe ndi turret anali zida zonse. Tiyenera kutsindika kuti lingaliro la kupanga makinawa (ndi ntchito yake yoyamba) linaperekedwa ndi mkulu wa ku Russia, yemwe anali nawo pa nkhondo ya Russo-Japanese, Mikhail Aleksandrovich Nakashidze, mbadwa ya banja lakale lachi Georgian la kalonga. gulu la Siberia Cossack. Atangotsala pang'ono kutha nkhondo ya 1904-1905, Nakashidze anapereka ntchito yake ku Russian asilikali dipatimenti, mothandizidwa ndi mkulu wa asilikali Manchurian General Linevich. Koma dipatimenti ankaona makampani Russian insufficiently kukonzekera kulengedwa kwa makina a mtundu uwu, choncho, French kampani Charron, Girardot et Voig (CGV) analangizidwa kukhazikitsa ntchitoyo. Makina ofananirako adapangidwa ku Austria (Austro-Daimler). Zinali magalimoto awiri okhala ndi zida izi zomwe zidakhala zitsanzo za magalimoto omenyera zida zankhondo, mawonekedwe ake omwe tsopano akuwoneka ngati apamwamba. TTX zida galimoto "Sharron" chitsanzo 1905 Kulimbana ndi kulemera, t 2,95 Ogwira ntchito, h 5 Mitundu yonse, mm kutalika 4800 Kutalika 1700 kutalika 2400 Kusungitsa, mm 4,5 Armarm 8 mamilimita mfuti "Hotchkiss" chitsanzo 1914 Injini CGV, 4-silinda, 4-sitiroko, mu mzere, carburetor, madzi utakhazikika, mphamvu 22 kW Mphamvu zenizeni. kW/t 7,46 Liwiro lalikulu, km / h: pa khwalala 45 pansi pa msewu 30 Kugonjetsa zopinga kuwuka, mzinda. 25 Thupi la Sharron armored galimoto anali kunyamulidwa ndi chitsulo-nickel zitsulo makulidwe 4,5 mm wandiweyani, amene anapereka chitetezo kwa ogwira ntchito ndi injini ku zipolopolo mfuti ndi tiziduswa tating'ono. Dalaivala anali pafupi ndi mkuluyo, chiwonetserocho chinaperekedwa ndi zenera lalikulu lakutsogolo, lomwe linatsekedwa pankhondo ndi kapu yayikulu ya trapezoidal yokhala ndi mabowo owoneka ngati rhombus yokhala ndi zotsekera zakunja zozungulira. MU osamenyana momwe zinthu zilili, chivundikiro cha zida zankhondo chidayikidwa pamalo opingasa ndikukhazikika ndi mabulaketi awiri osunthika. Mazenera aŵiri aakulu mbali iriyonse ya chombocho analinso ndi zotchinga zankhondo. Kwa kulowa ndi kutuluka kwa ogwira ntchitoyo, chitseko chakumanzere chinatsegulidwa, chinatsegulidwa chakumbuyo kwa galimotoyo. Njira zachitsulo zooneka ngati U, zomangika kumbali zonse ziwiri za chombocho, zidapangidwa kuti zithetse zopinga (ngalande, ngalande, ngalande). Kuwala kumodzi kwakukulu kunayikidwa kutsogolo kwa pepala loyang'ana kutsogolo kwa chipinda cha injini, chachiwiri, chophimbidwa ndi chivundikiro chankhondo, papepala lakutsogolo la hull pansi pa windshield. Chipinda chomenyerapo nkhondo chinali kuseri kwa mipando ya dalaivala ndi ya olamulira, nsanja yotsika yozungulira yozungulira inayikidwa padenga lake ndi denga lotsetsereka kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo. Bevel yakutsogolo inali yayikulu mokwanira ndipo kwenikweni inali yotsekera ngati semicircular, chivindikiro chake chitha kukwezedwa pamalo opingasa. Mfuti yamakina ya 8-mm Hotchkiss idayikidwa pa bulaketi yapadera mu turret. Mtsuko wake unali wotetezedwa ndi thumba lankhondo lotseguka kuchokera pamwamba. Msilikali wapamadzi, wamkulu wachitatu Guillet, adapanga turret ya Sharron. Nsanjayo inalibe chotengera mpira, koma inakhazikika pa mzati womwe unayikidwa pansi pa chipinda chomenyerapo nkhondo. Zinali zotheka kukweza nsanja ndikuizungulira pamanja, pogwiritsa ntchito gudumu lowuluka lomwe limayenda motsatira zomangira zotsogola. Pokhapokha pa malo awa zinali zotheka kupereka moto wozungulira kuchokera ku mfuti ya makina. Chipinda cha injini chinali kutsogolo kwa chombocho. Galimotoyo inali ndi injini ya CGV ya 30-cylinder in-line carburetor yokhala ndi mphamvu ya 2,95 hp. Ndi. Kulemera kwankhondo yagalimoto yankhondo kunali matani 45. Liwiro pazipita m'misewu yopangidwa anali 30 Km / h, ndi pansi zofewa - 4 Km / h. Kufikira kwa injini yokonza ndi kukonza zidaperekedwa ndi ma hatchi okhala ndi zovundikira zochotseka m'makoma onse a hood ya zida. M'galimoto ya kumbuyo (2 × 10) pansi pa galimoto yokhala ndi zida, mawilo opangidwa ndi matabwa ankagwiritsidwa ntchito, otetezedwa ndi zipewa zachitsulo. Matayalawo anadzazidwa ndi zinthu zapadera za sponji zomwe zinapangitsa kuti galimoto yonyamula zidayo isunthe chipolopolo chikagunda gudumu kwa mphindi zina XNUMX. Kuti izi zichepetse kuthekera, mawilo akumbuyo anali okutidwa ndi zida zankhondo za mawonekedwe a semicircular. Pa nthawi yake, Charron oti muli nazo zida galimoto analidi patsogolo patsogolo maganizo a uinjiniya, ophatikizapo angapo njira zamakono luso, mwachitsanzo: chinsalu chozungulira, mawilo oteteza zipolopolo za mphira, kuyatsa magetsi, kuthekera koyambitsa mota kuchokera kuchipinda chowongolera. Pazonse, magalimoto awiri okhala ndi zida za Sharron adamangidwa chitsanzo cha 1905. Imodzi idagulidwa ndi Unduna wa Zachitetezo ku France (anatumizidwa ku Morocco), yachiwiri idagulidwa ndi dipatimenti yankhondo yaku Russia (anatumizidwa ku Russia), komwe makinawo adagwiritsidwa ntchito kupondereza zipolowe ku St. Galimoto yankhondoyo inali yoyenererana ndi asilikali a ku Russia, ndipo Charron, Girardot et Voig (CGV) posakhalitsa analandira lamulo la magalimoto 12, omwe, komabe, anamangidwa ndi kulandidwa ndi Ajeremani paulendo wodutsa ku Germany kuti "awone mphamvu zawo", ndiyeno. amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika zazikulu zankhondo za gulu lankhondo la Germany. Galimoto imodzi yokhala ndi zida zamtundu wa Sharron idapangidwa ndi kampani ya Panar-Levassor, magalimoto ena anayi, ofanana ndi mtundu wa Sharron wa 1902, adamangidwa ndi kampani ya Hotchkiss mu 1909 motsogozedwa ndi boma la Turkey. Zotsatira: Kholyavsky G. L. "Magalimoto okhala ndi zida zoyenda ndi theka ndi onyamula zida zankhondo"; E. D. Kochnev. Encyclopedia ya magalimoto ankhondo; Baryatinsky M. B., Kolomiets M. V. Magalimoto ankhondo ankhondo aku Russia 1906-1917; M. Kolomiets "Zida zankhondo za ku Russia. Magalimoto onyamula zida ndi masitima apamtunda ankhondo mu Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko Lonse”; "Galimoto yankhondo. Magazini Yagalimoto Yolimbana ndi Magudumu "(март 1994).