Menyani mtunda

Yakale kuposa injini yoyaka mkati kuyambira pomwe idawonekera koyamba m'zaka za m'ma XNUMX, galimoto yamagetsi yamagetsi yakhala ikusangalala ndi kubwezeretsedwa kwazaka zaposachedwa.

Zowona, okayikira amanena kuti chifukwa cha kukwera kwa mitengo yamafuta amadzimadzi, n’zosatheka kusaona kupita patsogolo kwakukulu kwaumisiri kumene kuyendetsa galimoto zamagetsi kwapanga posachedwapa. Zachilengedwe zamagalimoto amagetsi zikukhalanso zofunika kwambiri.

Ma motors amagetsi siatsopano kapena osowa. Timachita nawo tsiku lililonse, mumakina ochapira, zobowolera, zoseweretsa, makina osiyanasiyana ndi zida zomwe zimatizungulira kuchokera kulikonse. Pamsewu, komabe, akadali njira yosowa, yocheperako, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatengedwa kuti ndi yokwera mtengo komanso yovuta kuti igwire ntchito chifukwa chaufupi pamtengo uliwonse komanso kusowa kwa zida zamagetsi.

Kuphatikiza pa magalimoto amagetsi, ma hybrids agunda m'misewu, mwachitsanzo, magalimoto okhala ndi injini yamagetsi ndi injini yoyaka mkati, yomwe Toyota Prius mwina ndi chitsanzo chodziwika kwambiri ku Poland. Mawuwa ayang'ana kwambiri magalimoto amagetsi amagetsi, omwe lero ndi Tesla, Nissan Leaf(1), BMW ActiveE, Ford Focus Electric, Ford Transit Connect Electric, Honda Fit EV, Mitsubishi i-MiEV.

Koma tiyeni tiyambe ndi zoyambira, i.e. ndi?

- mfundo za ntchito ya galimoto magetsi

Choyambira chamagetsi chamagetsi chimagwira ntchito chifukwa cha zigawo zitatu. Awa ndi maginito, rotor ndi commutator yoyikidwa pamenepo. Rotor imapangidwa ndi ma coil angapo omwe amakhala pamakona osiyanasiyana wina ndi mzake. Izi zimalola kuti rotor azizungulira bwino. The commutator, nayenso, ndi amene ali ndi udindo wa kuyenda kwa panopa mu makoyilo wotsatira. Zimapangidwa ndi zitsulo zingapo zolekanitsidwa ndi chotetezera (2).

Monga chitsanzo, injiniyo iyenera kukhala ndi maginito osachepera awiri okhazikika okhala ndi mitengo yoyang'anizana. Pakati pawo pali rotor. Mphamvu yamagetsi imalumikizidwa ndi makinawo kudzera m'maburashi omwe amatchedwa maburashi, omwe amalumikizana ndi mawonekedwe awiri otsutsana a commutator, amapereka zamakono ku imodzi mwamakoyilo (3). Ma coils, chifukwa cha zochitika zakuthupi zomwe Faraday ndi Maxwell anapeza, amapanga mphamvu ya maginito yomwe imatsutsana ndi mphamvu ya maginito ya maginito osatha. Mphamvu zotsutsana zimatembenuza rotor, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti commutator azizungulira, ndipo kuyendayenda kwina kwa kayendedwe kamakono kumayamba, kuchititsa munda, kutsutsa maginito, kuzungulira rotor, commutator, etc. Tinganene kuti galimoto ikuyenda chifukwa mayendedwe apano komanso akuchucha chifukwa injini ikuyenda.

Kuzungulira kwa shaft yamagalimoto kumasinthidwa kukhala kuzungulira kwa shaft ya chipangizocho, kuphatikiza galimoto. Ndizo zonse zomwe zimakhudza mfundo yoyendetsera galimoto yamagetsi. Zoonadi, masiku ano teknolojiyi ikuwongolera kwambiri ndikusinthidwa.

Mwachitsanzo, magalimoto osonkhanitsa amasiyidwa chifukwa chakuti amatha msanga, i.e. amafuna kukonza ndi kukonza pafupipafupi. Galimoto yopanda maburashi idapangidwa mofanana ndi mota yopukutidwa, imakhala ndi maginito, ma coil ndi commutator, koma apa ma coil amayima mkati mwa nyumbayo, ndipo maginito amayikidwa pa rotor. The commutator imayendetsedwa pakompyuta. Ngakhale kuti brushless motor imakhala yogwira mtima kwambiri, chifukwa cha mapangidwe ovuta a madalaivala a commutator, ndi okwera mtengo kuposa achikhalidwe.

Mudzapeza kupitiriza kwa nkhaniyi m’kope la April la magazini 

#Minimalist Life Personal helicopter yamagetsi ya munthu mmodzi wochokera ku Hirobo Japan # #Helicopter

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