Magalimoto olimbana ndi PzKpfw IV chassis

Mfuti zankhondo za Sturmgeschütz IV zokha, zomwe zidapezedwa m'dambo ndikukonzedwa ku Land Forces Training Center ku Poznań, ndizomwe zilipo mpaka pano. Ili ku White Eagle Museum ku Skarzysko-Kamen ndipo idapezeka pa Julayi 25, 2020.

Magalimoto angapo omenyera amitundu yosiyanasiyana adapangidwa pagalimoto ya tanki ya PzKpfw IV: mfuti zodziyendetsa zokha, zida zankhondo, mfuti zolimbana ndi ndege, ngakhale mfuti. Zonsezi zimagwirizana ndi mitundu yodabwitsa ya magalimoto omenyera nkhondo omwe aku Germany adapanga pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, zomwe zimatsimikizira chisokonezo komanso kukonza zambiri. Ntchito zamakina ena zimangowirikiza kawiri, zomwe zimayambitsa mikangano yambiri - cholinga chopanga makina omwe ali ndi mphamvu zofananira, koma zamitundu yosiyanasiyana chinali chiyani?

Mwachiwonekere, magalimoto ambiri amtunduwu anamangidwa mu theka lachiwiri la nkhondo, pamene kupanga matanki a PzKpfw IV kunachepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono, kupereka PzKpfw V Panther. Komabe, injini, ma transmissions, chassis ndi zinthu zina zambiri zidapangidwabe. Panali maukonde ambiri ogwirizana omwe amapanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira ma gaskets ndi gaskets mpaka mawilo amsewu, magudumu oyendetsa ndi osagwira ntchito, zosefera, majenereta, ma carburetors, njanji, mbale zankhondo, ma wheel axles, mizere yamafuta, ma gearbox, ma clutches ndi zida zawo. . friction discs, bearings, shock absorbers, akasupe a masamba, ma brake pads, mapampu amafuta ndi zigawo zambiri zosiyana, zambiri zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamtundu wina wa galimoto, koma osati pamtundu wina uliwonse. Inde, zinali zotheka kusinthana kupanga mwachitsanzo kwa mtundu wina wa injini, koma mayendedwe atsopano, gaskets, zigawo, carburetors, zosefera, zipangizo poyatsira, spark plugs, mapampu mafuta, mayunitsi nthawi, mavavu ndi mayunitsi ena ambiri anayenera kukhala. analamula. kulamulidwa ndi ma subkontrakitala, omwe amayeneranso kukhazikitsa zatsopano kunyumba, kuyitanitsa zinthu zina zofunika ndi zinthu kuchokera kwa ma subcontractors ena ... Zonsezi zidachitika chifukwa cha mapangano osainidwa ndi mapangano, ndipo kutembenuka kwa makinawo sikunali kophweka. . Ichi chinali chimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe akasinja a PzKpfw IV adapangidwa mochedwa kwambiri kuposa Pantera, yomwe idayenera kukhala m'badwo wotsatira wa magalimoto omenyera nkhondo.

Magalimoto onse ankhondo a 10,5 cm K gepanzerte Selbstfahrlafette adatumizidwa ku Panzerjäger Abteilung 521.

Komabe, panthawi imodzimodziyo, zinali zotheka kupanga chiwerengero chachikulu cha PzKpfw IV chassis, chomwe sichinkafunika kumalizidwa ngati akasinja, koma chikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magalimoto osiyanasiyana omenyana. Ndipo mosemphanitsa - kuwonjezeka kupanga chassis Panther pafupifupi kwathunthu odzipereka kupanga akasinja, kotero kunali kovuta kugawa galimotoyo ake pomanga magalimoto apadera. Ndi SdKfz 173 8,8cm Jagdpanzer V Jagdpanther owononga thanki, izi sizinatheke, zomwe mayunitsi 1944 okha anapangidwa kuyambira January 392 mpaka kumapeto kwa nkhondo. Pagalimoto yosinthira, yomwe idayenera kukhala yowononga matanki 88 mm SdKfz 164 Hornisse (Nashorn), magawo 494 adamangidwa. Chotero, monga momwe zimakhalira nthaŵi zina, yankho lakanthaŵi linali lolimba kuposa njira yomalizira. Mwa njira, makinawa anapangidwa mpaka March 1945. Ngakhale kuti ambiri a iwo anamangidwa mu 1943, mkati mwa miyezi 15 anamangidwa mofanana ndi a Jagdpanthers, omwe m’lingaliro lake anayenera kuwaloŵa m’malo. Tingoyamba ndi galimoto iyi.

Mavu anasanduka chipembere: - SdKfz 164 Hornisse (Nashorn)

Ntchito yoyamba yowononga thanki yolemera yokhala ndi mfuti ya 105 mm pa chassis ya PzKpfw IV idalamulidwa kuchokera ku Krupp Gruson mu Epulo 1939. Panthawi imeneyo, vuto lalikulu linali kulimbana ndi akasinja olemera a ku France ndi British, pamene kulimbana ndi asilikali kunali kuyandikira mofulumira. Ajeremani ankadziwa za akasinja a French Char B1 ndi akasinja a British A11 Matilda I ndi A12 Matilda II okhala ndi zida zankhondo ndipo amawopa kuti zida zankhondo zitha kuwonekeranso pabwalo lankhondo.

Chifukwa chiyani mfuti ya 105 mm idasankhidwa ndipo inali chiyani? Inali mfuti ya 10 cm schwere Kanone 18 (10 cm sK 18) yokhala ndi mphamvu yeniyeni ya 105 mm. Mfutiyo idayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwononga mipanda ya adani ndi moto wachindunji komanso magalimoto omenyera olemera. Kukula kwake kudachitika mu 1926, ndipo makampani awiri adalowa nawo mpikisano, ogulitsa zida zankhondo zankhondo zaku Germany, Krupp ndi Rheinmetall. Mu 1930, kampani ya Rheinmetall inapambana, koma galimoto yoyendetsa galimoto yokhala ndi mawilo ndi zigawo ziwiri zopindika mchira zidalamulidwa kuchokera kwa Krupp. makina anali okonzeka ndi 105 mamilimita Rheinmetall cannon ndi mbiya kutalika 52 calibers (5,46 m) ndi kulemera okwana makilogalamu 5625 pamodzi ndi mfuti. Chifukwa cha kukwera kwa ngodya kuchokera ku -0º mpaka +48º, mfutiyo inawombera pamtunda wa makilomita 19 ndi kulemera kwa 15,4 kg, kuwombera pa liwiro loyamba la 835 m / s. Liwiro lotere lokhala ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa projectile lidapereka mphamvu yayikulu ya kinetic, yomwe palokha idawonetsetsa kuwonongeka kwa magalimoto okhala ndi zida. Pa mtunda wa mamita 500 ndi ofukula makonzedwe a zida zankhondo zinali zotheka kudutsa 149 mm zida, pa mtunda wa 1000 m - 133 mm, pa mtunda wa 1500 m - 119 mm ndi pa mtunda wa 2000 mamita - 109 mm pa. mm. Ngakhale titaganizira kuti pa otsetsereka 30 ° mfundo izi ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu m'munsi, iwo anali chidwi poyerekeza ndi luso la German odana akasinja ndi mfuti thanki.

Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, ngakhale kuti mfutizi zinagwiritsidwa ntchito mokhazikika m'magulu a zida zamagulu, mumagulu a zida zankhondo (batire imodzi pa squadron), pafupi ndi 15 cm Schwere Feldhaubitze 18 (sFH 18) howwitzers 150 mm cal. chiyambi cha 1433, poyerekeza ndi sFH 1944 howitzer, opangidwa mpaka mapeto a nkhondo, ndipo inamangidwa mu kuchuluka kwa 18. Komabe, kuwombera projectiles kwambiri amphamvu masekeli 6756 makilogalamu, ndi pafupifupi katatu mphamvu kuphulika.