Biodiesel, zomwe muyenera kudziwa za dizilo zamasamba
Tsogolo lakuyenda kosasunthika silingachitike njira imodzi: zida zogwiritsira ntchito ndizochuluka, kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana. kukoka magetsi al gasi wachilengedwe, palibe aliyense wa iwo pakali pano amene angathe kukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse paokha ndikuphimba bwino ntchito zonse.
Zina mwa zomwe zikuwoneka kuti zanyalanyazidwa posachedwapa ndi biodieselyomwe inali patsogolo pa njira zina zogwiritsira ntchito mafuta a petroleum zaka zingapo zapitazo, koma zomwe sizikukambidwa kwambiri masiku ano, ngakhale kuti zilipo kale mu dizilo yomwe timagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri.
Kodi biodiesel ndi chiyani
Mawu akuti biodiesel amatanthauzidwa ngati mafuta akapezedwa ndi njira mankhwala kuchokera mafuta a masamba monga rapeseed, mpendadzuwa, mafuta okazinga ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zina zotero. Zotsatira zake zimakhala zamadzimadzi zomwe zimakhala ndi viscosity yofanana ndi mafuta a dizilo, zosiyanasiyana mu gawo lililonse lachikhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kale ngati chowonjezera pamafuta wamba a dizilo kuti atsindike. lubricitymakamaka pamene mafuta a dizilo apansi ali ndi sulfure yochepa.
Kusiyana kwakukulu ndi mkulu Kusungunuka mphamvu zomwe zimafuna kukonzanso zigawo zina za injini. M'malo mwake, ndi injini zaposachedwa kwambiri za dizilo zomwe zidapangidwa kuti zizigwira ntchito pa biodiesel. 100%, ndipo kwa zam'mbuyo ndizofunika kuti zisapitirire 30%. Ntchito yake panopa ndi mafuta okha. B7 kapena B10, chidule chosonyeza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake m'maperesenti kuyambira 7 mpaka 10%.
Zopindulitsa zachilengedwe
Ubwino waukulu wa biodiesel umachokera ku chiyambi chake: kuti amachokera kuzinthu zongowonjezwdwa kumapangitsa kuti njira zonse zoperekera zinthu ziziyenda bwino. Kuchuluka kwa biodiesel mu mkombero wake yafupika ndi ndalama yomweyo 50% Mpweya wa CO2 kupita mumlengalenga ndi wofanana ndendende ndi wa biogas, womwe umatulutsa mpweya woipa m'badwo mpaka itatenthedwa, imakhazikika pang'ono ndi zomwe zimatengedwa ndi zomera zamoyo zomwe zidzagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga.
Malire a Biodiesel
Biodiesel imakhalanso ndi zofooka zina, ngakhale zazing'ono. Akagwiritsidwa ntchito, mpweya wa CO2 umakhala wabwino ndipo mpweya woipa umawonongeka. nayitrogeni oxideszomwe zimathetsedwa "kumunsi" mwa kusokoneza injini ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zosefera ndi zopangira mpweya wotulutsa mpweya, zomwe zimafunikanso kuti mafuta a dizilo awonekere.
GLI zopinga zazikulu kugawidwa kwake ngati njira ina yopangira mafuta a dizilo ndi yachuma, ndale komanso chikhalidwe. M'malo mwake, kuti akwaniritse kufunikira kwapadziko lonse lapansi kwa biodiesel, munthu ayenera kuganizira za ntchito yeniyeni yaulimi yomwe idzachitike movutikira. kusowa chakudyamakamaka m'madera ovutika kwambiri, ndipo sikutheka kupereka zokolola zazikulu zopangira mafuta, ngakhale izi zili ndi zotsatira zabwino kwambiri za chilengedwe.
HVO, mwanjira ina
Wachibale wakutali wa biodiesel ndi otchedwa Mafuta a masamba a haidrojeni o HVO, hydrotreated masamba mafuta. Ndi mafuta apamwamba kwambiri omwe amachokera ku mafuta otayika, mafuta a rapeseed, mafuta a mgwalangwa ndi mafuta a nyama. Amachepetsa bwino mpweya wa CO, womwe ukhoza kuchepetsedwa. 90%Komabe, nkhawa zakhalapo chifukwa makampani omwe amagwiritsa ntchito, monga Eni, omwe amawagwiritsa ntchito mu Dizilo + yawo, amachokera ku mafuta a kanjedza omwe amapangidwa kudzera munjira zazikulu zowononga nkhalango ndipo chifukwa chake amaganiziridwanso. osakhazikika.
