TOP-10 Magalimoto abwino amagetsi 2020

Galimoto yamagetsi ndi chiyani?

Galimoto yamagetsi ndi galimoto yosayendetsedwa ndi injini yoyaka yamkati, koma ndi imodzi kapena zingapo zamagetsi zoyendetsedwa ndi mabatire kapena ma cell amafuta. Madalaivala ambiri akuyang'ana mndandanda wamagalimoto abwino kwambiri amagetsi padziko lapansi. Chodabwitsa, galimoto yamagetsi idawonekera mnzake wapamadzi. Galimoto yoyamba yamagetsi, yopangidwa mu 1841, inali ngolo yokhala ndi mota wamagetsi.

Chifukwa cha makina oyendetsa magetsi osakwanira bwino, magalimoto a petulo apambana nkhondo yayikulu kuti azilamulira msika wamagalimoto. Mpaka zaka za m'ma 1960 chidwi cha magalimoto amagetsi chidayamba kupezeka. Chifukwa cha izi chinali zovuta zachilengedwe zamagalimoto komanso zovuta zamagetsi, zomwe zidadzetsa kukwera kwakukulu pamtengo wamafuta.

Kukula kwamakampani opanga magalimoto amagetsi

Mu 2019, kuchuluka kwamagalimoto amagetsi opangidwa kwakula kwambiri. Pafupifupi makina onse odzilemekeza adayesetsa osati kungodziwa kupanga magalimoto amagetsi, koma kukulitsa mzere wawo momwe angathere. Izi, malinga ndi akatswiri, zipitilira mu 2020.

Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti pafupifupi makampani onse akuyesera kuti agwirizane ndi Tesla (yomwe, mwa njira, ikuyambitsa roadster chaka chino) ndipo potsirizira pake imapanga ma EV opangidwa ndi anthu ambiri pamtengo uliwonse - zitsanzo zoyambirira zomwe zimapangidwira bwino zomangidwa bwino. Mwachidule, 2020 chidzakhala chaka chomwe magalimoto amagetsi azikhala otsogola.

Mazana azinthu zatsopano zamagetsi akuyenera kugulitsidwa m'miyezi ikubwerayi, koma tinayesa kusankha khumi mwazosangalatsa kwambiri: kuyambira mitundu yaying'ono yamatawuni kuchokera ku zimphona zamakampani opanga magalimoto kupita kumagalimoto amagetsi amtali yayitali kuchokera kwa omwe atenga nawo mbali pamsika watsopano.

Ubwino wamagalimoto abwino amagetsi

Galimoto yamagetsi ili ndi zabwino zambiri zosatsimikizika: kusakhala ndi mpweya wotulutsa utsi womwe umawononga chilengedwe ndi zamoyo, kugwiritsa ntchito kotsika mtengo (popeza magetsi ndiotsika mtengo kwambiri kuposa mafuta amgalimoto), kuyendetsa bwino kwamagetsi (90-95%, ndi Kuchita bwino kwa injini yamafuta ndi 22-42% yokha), kudalirika kwambiri komanso kulimba, kapangidwe kophweka, kuthekera kokhazikitsanso thumba lachizolowezi, ngozi yaying'ono yophulika pangozi, kusalala bwino.

Koma musaganize kuti magalimoto amagetsi alibe zovuta. Pakati pa zolakwika za mtundu uwu wa galimoto, munthu akhoza kutchula kupanda ungwiro kwa mabatire - amatha kugwira ntchito pa kutentha kwambiri (kuposa 300 ° C), kapena kukhala ndi ndalama zambiri, chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa zitsulo zodula.

Kuphatikiza apo, mabatire otere amakhala ndi ziwombankhanga zambiri zotsegulira ndipo kubweza kwawo kumatenga nthawi yayitali kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kupangira mafuta. Kuphatikiza apo, vuto ndikutaya mabatire omwe amakhala ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana za poizoni ndi zidulo, kusowa kwa zida zoyenera zolipiritsa mabatire, kuthekera kokuchulukirachulukira pamaukonde amagetsi panthawi yobwezeretsanso unyinji wanyumba, zomwe zitha kusokoneza mtundu wamagetsi.

Mndandanda wa Magalimoto Opambana Amagetsi 2020

Volkswagen ID.3 - №1 yamagalimoto apamwamba kwambiri amagetsi

Pali magalimoto angapo amagetsi m'banja la Volkswagen, koma ID.3 ndiyofunika kwambiri. Ipezeka kuyambira $ 30,000 ndipo iperekedwa m'magulu atatu ndipo ikufanana kwambiri ndi Gofu. Monga momwe kampani ikufotokozera, mkati mwa galimotoyo ndi kukula kwa Passat, ndipo maluso ake ndi Golf GTI.

Mtundu woyambira uli ndi makilomita 330 pamakilomita a WLTP, pomwe mtundu wapamwamba umatha kuyenda 550 km. Screen ya infotainment ya 10-inchi mkati imalowa m'malo mwa mabatani ndi ma switch, ndipo itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera pafupifupi chilichonse kupatula kutsegula mawindo ndi magetsi azadzidzidzi. Onse, Volkswagen ikukonzekera kupanga magalimoto amagetsi okwana 15 miliyoni pofika 2028.

Kujambula kwa Rivian R1T - №2 yamagalimoto abwino kwambiri amagetsi

Pamodzi ndi kutulutsidwa kwa R1S - SUV yokhala ndi anthu asanu ndi awiri omwe ali ndi maulendo oposa 600 km - Rivian akukonzekera kumasula chithunzithunzi cha R1T chokhala ndi anthu asanu pa nsanja yomweyo kumapeto kwa chaka. Pazitsanzo zonse, mabatire omwe ali ndi mphamvu ya 105, 135 ndi 180 kWh amaperekedwa, okhala ndi 370, 480 ndi 600 km, motero, ndi liwiro lalikulu la 200 km / h.

Dashboard yomwe ili mgalimoto imakhala ndi zowonekera pa 15.6-inchi, chiwonetsero cha 12.3-inchi chomwe chikuwonetsa zisonyezo zonse, ndi zowonera 6.8-inchi za omwe akwera kumbuyo. Thunthu la bokosili ndi lozama mita imodzi ndipo limakhala ndi malo odutsamo osungira zinthu zazikulu. Galimoto yamagetsi imakhala ndi makina oyendetsa magudumu onse omwe amagawa mphamvu pakati pama mota anayi amagetsi omwe adayikidwa pagudumu lililonse.

Aston Martin Rapide E - No3

Chiwerengero cha magalimoto 155 amenewa akukonzekera kuti apange. Odala achitsanzo ichi alandila Aston yokhala ndi batri ya lithiamu-ion ya 65 kWh ndi ma motors awiri amagetsi okhala ndi mphamvu ya 602 hp. ndi 950 Nm. Kuthamanga kwakukulu kwa galimotoyo ndi 250 km / h, kumathamangira mpaka mazana mumphindi zosakwana zinayi.

Maulendo oyenda mozungulira WLTP akuyerekezedwa ndi 320 km. Kubweza kwathunthu kuchokera pa 50-kilowatt terminal kumatenga pafupifupi ola limodzi, ndipo kuchokera ku 100-kilowatt terminal kumatenga mphindi 40.

BMW iX3

BMW yoyamba kupanga magetsi crossover ndi X3 yopumuliratu papulatifomu yamagetsi, momwe injini, kufalitsa ndi zamagetsi zamagetsi tsopano zimaphatikizidwa kukhala chinthu chimodzi. Mphamvu yama batire ndi 70 kWh, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi woyendetsa makilomita 400 paulendo wa WLTP. Galimoto yamagetsi imatulutsa 268 hp, ndipo zimangotenga theka la ola kuti mumalize kuyambiranso kuchoka mpaka 150 kW.

Mosiyana ndi BMW i3, iX3 sinapangidwe ngati galimoto yamagetsi, koma imagwiritsa ntchito nsanja yomwe ilipo kale. Njirayi imathandizira kuyendetsa bwino kwa BMW, kulola kuti magalimoto amtundu wa hybrid ndi magetsi azimangidwa pamalo omwewo. Mtengo wa BMW iX3 ukuyembekezeka kukhala pafupifupi $ 71,500.

Audi etron GT

E-Tron GT yochokera ku Audi idzakhala galimoto yachitatu yamagetsi yamagetsi yomwe iperekedwe kumapeto kwa chaka chino. Galimoto ilandila ma wheel wheel, mphamvu yonse yama motors awiri azikhala malita 590. kuchokera. Galimotoyo ipitilira 100 km / h m'masekondi 3.5 okha, ndikufulumira kwambiri pafupifupi 240 km / h. Makulidwe amtundu wa WLTP akuyerekezedwa kuti ndi 400 km, ndipo kulipiritsa mpaka 80% kudzera pa 800-volt system imangotenga mphindi 20 zokha.

Chifukwa cha kuchira, kutsitsa mpaka 0.3g kungagwiritsidwe ntchito popanda mabuleki. Mkati mwake mumagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zodalirika, kuphatikiza zikopa za vegan. Audi e-tron GT ndiyachibale cha Porsche Taycan ndipo ikuyembekezeka kuwononga $ 130,000.

Mini Zamagetsi

Ikachoka pamzere wamsonkhano mu Marichi 2020, Mini Electric ndiye adzakhala galimoto yotsika mtengo kwambiri yamagetsi onse mu BMW nkhawa, ndipo itsika mtengo wotsika kuposa BMW i3. Galimoto imatha kuthamangira ku 0 mpaka 100 km / h mumasekondi 7.3, ndipo mphamvu ya injini ndi 184 hp. ndi 270 Nm.

Kuthamanga kwambiri kumangokhala mozungulira 150 km / h, kuchuluka kwa WLTP kumasiyana pakati pa 199 mpaka 231 km, ndipo batiri limatha kupangidwanso mpaka 80% pamalo osinthira mwachangu mumphindi 35 zokha. Kanyumbako kali ndi zowonekera pazithunzi za 6.5-inchi komanso makina omvera a Harmon Kardon.

Polestar 2

Galimoto yamagetsi yamagetsi ya 300 kW (408 hp) idzakhala yachiwiri m'banja la Polestar (mtundu wa Volvo). Pankhani ya mawonekedwe ochititsa chidwi aukadaulo, adzafanana ndi omwe adakhalapo - mathamangitsidwe zana mumasekondi 4.7, malo osungira mphamvu a 600 km pamayendedwe a WLTP. Mkati mwa Polestar 2, kuyambira $ 65,000, idzakhala ndi 11-inch Android infotainment system kwa nthawi yoyamba, ndipo eni ake adzatha kutsegula galimotoyo pogwiritsa ntchito teknoloji ya "Phone-as-Key".

Kubweza Volvo XC40

Idzakhala yoyamba kupanga galimoto yamagetsi yonse ya Volvo ndi mtengo wolowera $ 65,000. (Mwambiri, nkhawa yaku Sweden imayesetsa kuwonetsetsa kuti theka la mitundu yawo yogulitsidwa ndi 2025 ipatsidwa magetsi). Galimoto yamagudumu anayi izilandira magalimoto awiri amagetsi okhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira 402 hp, zotha kuyendetsa mpaka zana pamasekondi 4.9 ndikupereka liwiro lalikulu la 180 km / h.

Mphamvu idzaperekedwa kuchokera ku batri ya 78 kW * h, yomwe imalola kuyenda pafupifupi makilomita 400 pa mtengo umodzi. Volvo akuti batire lidzachira kuchokera ku 150kW kulipiritsa mwachangu mpaka 80 peresenti mumphindi 40. Galimoto yamagetsi idzamangidwa papulatifomu yatsopano ya Compact Modular Architecture, yomwe imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa Lynk & Co mitundu 01, 02 ndi 03 (mtundu uwu ndi kampani ya kholo ya Geely, Volvo).

Porsche Thai

Zowona kuti Porsche akuyambitsa magalimoto amagetsi zimayankhula zambiri. Taycan yemwe akuyembekezeredwa kwambiri, pamtengo woyambira $ 108,000, ndi khomo lazitseko zinayi, lokhala ndi mipando isanu yokhala ndi mota yamagetsi pachitsulo chilichonse ndi ma 450 km paulendo wa WLTP.

Ipezeka m'mitundu ya Turbo ndi Turbo S. Otsatirawa alandila chomera chamagetsi chomwe chimapereka 460 kW (616 hp) ndi mwayi wowonjezera kuwonjezera mphamvu mu masekondi 2.5 mpaka 560 kW (750 hp). Zotsatira zake, kuthamangira ku 100 km / h kumatenga masekondi 2.8, ndipo kuthamanga kwambiri kudzakhala 260 km / h.

Lotus Evie

Lotus, chifukwa cha ndalama zambiri kuchokera ku Geely, yomwe ilinso ndi Volvo ndi Polestar, potsiriza yapeza chuma chomanga hypercar yamagetsi. Idzagula madola 2,600,000 ndipo makina 150 okha ndi omwe apangidwa. Makhalidwe aukadaulo ndi ovuta kwambiri - ma motors anayi amagetsi amapanga 2,000 hp. ndi 1700 Nm torque; kuchokera 0 mpaka 300 Km / h galimoto Iyamba Kuthamanga masekondi 9 (5 masekondi mofulumira kuposa Bugatti Chiron), ndi kuchokera 0 mpaka 100 Km / h pasanathe 3 masekondi.

Kuthamanga kwake kwakukulu ndi 320 km / h. Batire ya kilogalamu ya 680 yokhala ndi 70 kWh sikupezeka pansi, monga ku Tesla, koma kumbuyo kwa mipando yakumbuyo, yomwe idachepetsa kukwera mpaka 105 mm ndipo nthawi yomweyo idatsimikizira ma 400 km malinga ndi Kuzungulira kwa WLTP.

Kutsiliza

Makampani ambiri akupanga mabatire okhala ndi nthawi yayifupi yolipiritsa, pogwiritsa ntchito ma nanomaterials komanso ukadaulo waposachedwa kwambiri. Galimoto iliyonse yodzilemekeza imawona kuti ndiudindo wawo kupanga ndikukhazikitsa pamsika galimoto yoyendetsedwa ndi magetsi. Kupanga magalimoto amagetsi pakadali pano ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakukweza msika wamagalimoto wapadziko lonse lapansi.