Mafuta, dizilo, biofuel, autogas. Nazi mwachidule mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamafuta!

Mafuta amafunikira kuti galimoto isayende. Komabe, mtundu wamafuta omwe galimoto yanu imafunikira zimadalira injini yake. Dizilo, haidrojeni, bioethanol… Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kumvetsetsa mafuta ambiri, makamaka kusiyana kwawo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwake.

Kodi mumadziwa bwanji mafuta omwe ali abwino kwambiri pagalimoto yanu?

Choyamba, ndikofunika kudziwa mtundu wamafuta omwe mungasankhire pamalo opangira mafuta. Kulephera kutero kungawononge kwambiri injini yagalimoto yanu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake taphatikiza mwachidule pansipa komwe mungapeze zambiri zamafuta ambiri omwe amapezeka ku UK. Ngati simukudziwa kuti galimoto yanu ikufuna mafuta amtundu wanji, onani bukhu lagalimoto, mwachitsanzo, buku la eni ake.

Mafuta amtundu wanji?

Kutsatira kukhazikitsidwa kwa seti yolumikizana yamafuta amafuta ku EU mu Okutobala 2018, zilembo ndi mayina ena akhoza kukusokonezani. Yang'anani pansipa.

Injini ya dizeli

Dizilo wakhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali chifukwa ndi otsika mtengo kusiyana ndi mafuta a petulo pakapita nthawi. Mafuta a dizilo ali amitundu itatu.

• B7 ndiye injini ya dizilo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Lili ndi 7% ya biocomponent yotchedwa fatty acid methyl ester (FAME).
• B10 ii ndi mtundu watsopano wamafuta a dizilo omwe amakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo opitilira 10%. Sizinayambitsidwebe ku UK, koma idakhazikitsidwa kale ku France.
• Zithunzi za XTL ndi mafuta opangira dizilo ndipo samapangidwa kuchokera ku petroleum. Zina mwa izo zimachokera ku mafuta a parafini ndi gasi.

Gasoline

Monga dizilo, pali mitundu itatu yayikulu yamafuta. Mtundu uwu wa mafuta nthawi zonse umadziwika ndi E (E ya Mowa).

• E5 zimagwirizana ndi zilembo zonse za SP95 ndi SP98. Lili ndi 5% bioethanol, mafuta opangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zaulimi monga chimanga kapena mbewu zina.
• E10 ndi mtundu wa mafuta omwe ali ndi 10% bioethanol. Sizinayambitsidwebe ku UK, koma mwina itero idzakhazikitsidwa mu 2021.
• E85 muli 85% bioethanol. Sizipezeka malonda ku UK, koma imapezeka ku Ulaya konse, makamaka ku France, komwe imatchedwa superethanol.

Autogas

• Chithunzi cha SPG imayimira Liquefied Natural Gas ndipo imakhala yofala kwambiri pamagalimoto olemera kwambiri.
• H2 amatanthauza haidrojeni. Ubwino wa mafutawa ndikuti sapanga CO2. Komabe, pamafunika mphamvu zambiri kuti apange.
• CNG, kapena gasi wopanikizidwa, ndi mpweya womwewo womwe umatenthetsera nyumba. Amakhala ndi methane yosungidwa pansi pa kuthamanga kwambiri.
• Zithunzi za LPG kutanthauza gasi wamafuta amafuta. Mafutawa ndi osakaniza a butane ndi propane.

Kodi tsogolo lamafuta agalimoto ku UK ndi chiyani?

Musanagule galimoto, ndikofunika kuphunzira zambiri za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mafuta omwe alipo komanso yomwe imagwirizana ndi galimotoyo. Ndipo m'tsogolomu, mawonekedwe amtundu wamafuta atha kusintha pamene zosakaniza zatsopano za bioethanol ziyamba kulamulira msika ndipo tikupita ku tsogolo lobiriwira.

Pamene magalimoto ochulukirachulukira ku Europe akukhala ogwirizana ndi mafuta obiriwira, petulo ku UK ikhoza kukhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo, omwe amagwira ntchito ngati yankho lakanthawi tisanasamuke kumagalimoto amagetsi amagetsi. Boma lidaganiza zoletsa kugulitsa magalimoto onse a petulo ndi dizilo pofika 2040, padzakhala kofunika kupereka njira zothandizira kusinthaku.