Galimoto imatembenuza gudumu

Gudumu ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri sichimaganiziridwa bwino pagalimoto. Ndi kudzera m'mphepete ndi tayala kuti galimoto imakhudza msewu, kotero zigawozi zimakhudza mwachindunji kuyendetsa galimoto ndi chitetezo chathu. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kapangidwe ka gudumu ndi magawo ake kuti mugwiritse ntchito mosamala komanso osalakwitsa pakugwira ntchito.

Nthawi zambiri, gudumu lagalimoto ndi losavuta - limakhala ndi mkombero wamphamvu kwambiri (mpendero), womwe nthawi zambiri umalumikizidwa ndi diski, komanso. Mawilo amalumikizidwa ndi galimoto nthawi zambiri mothandizidwa ndi ma hubs. Chifukwa cha iwo, amatha kuzungulira pazitsulo zokhazikika za kuyimitsidwa kwa galimoto.

Ntchito ya rims zopangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena aluminium alloy (nthawi zambiri ndi kuwonjezera kwa magnesium), mphamvu zimasamutsidwanso kuchokera ku gudumu kupita ku tayala. Tayala lokha ndilofunika kusunga kupanikizika koyenera mu gudumu, mkanda wolimbikitsidwa womwe umagwirizana bwino ndi gudumu la gudumu.

Tayala lamakono la pneumatic imakhala ndi zigawo zambiri zamagulu osiyanasiyana a mphira. Mkati mwake muli maziko - mapangidwe apadera a ulusi wachitsulo (zingwe), zomwe zimalimbitsa matayala ndikuwapatsa kukhazikika koyenera. Matayala amakono a matayala ali ndi chingwe cha 90-degree radial cord chomwe chimapereka kuponderezedwa kolimba, kusinthasintha kwapambali, kutsika kwamafuta, kugwira bwino komanso kukhazikika bwino pamakona.

Mbiri gudumu

Tayala loyamba la pneumatic la Dunlop.

Pazinthu zonse zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito m'galimoto, gudumuli lili ndi masinthidwe akale kwambiri - adapangidwa m'zaka za m'ma XNUMX BC ku Mesopotamiya. Komabe, zinadziwika mwamsanga kuti kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa upholstery wachikopa kuzungulira m'mphepete mwake kunalola kuti kuchepetsa kugwedezeka kumachepetsa komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka. Chotero tayala loyamba, lachikale kwambiri linapangidwa.

Kupambana mu kamangidwe ka magudumu sikunabwere mpaka 1839, pamene anatulukira njira yosinthira mphira, m’mawu ena, iye anatulukira mphira. Poyamba, matayala ankapangidwa ndi mphira, wotchedwa zolimba. Komabe, zinali zolemetsa kwambiri, zosavuta kuzigwiritsa ntchito, ndipo zimangoyaka zokha. Patapita zaka zingapo, mu 1845, Robert William Thomson anapanga tayala loyamba la mpweya wotulutsa mpweya. Komabe, luso lakelo silinatukuke ndipo Thomson sankadziwa kulengeza bwino, choncho silinafike pamsika.

Mawilo a waya

Tayala yoyamba yozizira Kelirangas

Zaka makumi anayi pambuyo pake, mu 1888, munthu wa ku Scotsman John Dunlop anali ndi lingaliro lofananalo (mwinamwake mwangozi pamene akuyesera kukonza njinga ya mwana wake wazaka 10), koma anali ndi luso la malonda kuposa Thompson ndipo mapangidwe ake adatengera msika ndi mphepo yamkuntho. Patatha zaka zitatu, Dunlop anali ndi mpikisano waukulu ndi French kampani ya abale Andre ndi Edouard Michelin, amene kwambiri bwino kamangidwe ka tayala ndi chubu. Dongosolo la Dunlop linali ndi matayala omangika pamkombero, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupeza chubu chamkati.

Michelin analumikiza mkombero ndi tayala ndi kakona kakang'ono ndi zingwe. Nyumbayo inali yolimba, ndipo matayala owonongeka anasintha mofulumira kwambiri, zomwe zinatsimikiziridwa ndi kupambana kwakukulu kwa magalimoto okhala ndi Matayala a Michelin pamisonkhano. Matayala oyamba amafanana ndi ma slicks amasiku ano, analibe mapondedwe. Anagwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba mu 1904 ndi akatswiri a kampani ya ku Germany ya Continental, choncho chinali chopambana kwambiri.

Michelin X - woyamba tayala lozungulira

Kukula kwamphamvu kwa mafakitale a matayala kwapangitsa kuti mkaka wa rabara wofunikira pakupanga vulcanization ukhale wokwera mtengo ngati golide. Pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo, kufunafuna kunayamba njira yopangira mphira wopangira. Izi zidachitika koyamba mu 1909 ndi injiniya wa Bayer Friedrich Hofmann. Komabe, zaka khumi zokha pambuyo pake, Walter Bock ndi Eduard Chunkur anakonza "recipe" wa Hofmann wovuta kwambiri (anawonjezera, mwa zina, butadiene ndi sodium), chifukwa chomwe Bona chopanga chingamu chinagonjetsa msika wa ku Ulaya. Kumayiko ena, kusintha kofananako kunachitika pambuyo pake, mu 1940, wasayansi Waldo Semon wochokera ku BFGoodrich adavomereza kusakaniza kotchedwa Ameripol.

Magalimoto oyamba ankayenda pa mawilo okhala ndi masipoko a matabwa ndi mizati. M’zaka za m’ma 30 ndi m’ma 40, masipoko a matabwa analoŵedwa m’malo ndi masipoko a waya, ndipo m’zaka makumi otsatira, masipoko anayamba kusanduka mawilo a disc. Pamene matayala ankagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera osiyanasiyana a nyengo ndi misewu, matembenuzidwe apadera monga tayala lachisanu anatulukira mwamsanga. Tayala yoyamba yozizira idayitana Kelirangas ("Tayala lanyengo") linapangidwa mu 1934 ndi Finnish Suomen Gummitehdas Osakeyhtiö, kampani yomwe inadzakhala Nokian.

Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse itangotha, Michelin ndi BFGoodrich adayambitsa zatsopano ziwiri zomwe zidasinthiratu mafakitale a matayala: mu 1946, a French adapanga makina oyamba padziko lapansi. Michelin X Radial Tirendipo mu 1947 BFGoodrich adayambitsa matayala opanda machubu. Mayankho onsewa anali ndi maubwino ambiri kotero kuti adagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu ndikulamulira msika mpaka lero.

Pakatikati, ndiko kuti, mkombero

Mbali ya gudumu yomwe tayalayo amakwerapo nthawi zambiri imatchedwa mkombero. M'malo mwake, imakhala ndi zigawo ziwiri pazolinga zosiyanasiyana: m'mphepete (m'mphepete), pomwe tayala limakhazikika, ndi disc, yomwe gudumu limamangiriridwa pagalimoto. Komabe, pakali pano, mbali izi ndi osalekanitsidwa - welded, riveted kapena nthawi zambiri kuponyedwa mu chidutswa chimodzi kuchokera ku aluminiyamu aloyi, ndi ma disks ntchito amapangidwa ndi opepuka ndi cholimba magnesium kapena mpweya CHIKWANGWANI. Zomwe zachitika posachedwa ndi ma disc apulasitiki.

Mawilo a alloy amatha kuponyedwa kapena kupangidwa. Zotsirizirazi ndizokhazikika komanso zosagwirizana ndi kupsinjika kotero ndizoyenera kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, ku misonkhano. Komabe, iwo ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa wamba "alloses".

Ngati tingakwanitse ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito matayala awiri ndi mawilo - chilimwe ndi chisanu. Kusintha kwa matayala nthawi zonse kumatha kuwavulaza. Ngati pazifukwa zilizonse tiyenera kusintha ma disks, ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ma diski a fakitale, ngati kusinthidwa ndikofunikira kusintha phula la zomangira - zosiyana zazing'ono poyerekeza ndi zoyambirira zimaloledwa, zomwe zitha kuwongoleredwa ndi zomangira. otchedwa zomangira zoyandama.

Ndikofunikiranso kukhazikitsa rim, kapena offset (ET marking), yomwe imatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa gudumulo kubisala mu arch kapena kupitilira ndondomeko yake. M'lifupi mwake m'mphepete mwake mufanane ndi kukula kwa tayala i.

Matigari opanda zinsinsi

Chinthu chofunika kwambiri komanso chosunthika kwambiri cha gudumu ndi tayala, lomwe limapangitsa kuti galimotoyo igwirizane ndi msewu, kuti ifike. kusamutsidwa kwa mphamvu yoyendetsa pansi i ogwira braking.

Tayala lamakono ndi dongosolo lovuta la multilayer.

Poyang'ana koyamba, ichi ndi chidutswa wamba cha mphira wokhala ndi zopondapo. Koma ngati mutadula, ndiye kuti tikuwona mawonekedwe ovuta, ambiri. Chigoba chake ndi nyama yomwe imakhala ndi chingwe cha nsalu, chomwe ntchito yake ndikusunga mawonekedwe a tayala mothandizidwa ndi kupanikizika kwamkati ndikusamutsa katundu panthawi yokhotakhota, kubowoleza komanso kuthamanga.

M'kati mwa tayalalo, nyamayo imakutidwa ndi zodzaza ndi zokutira za butyl zomwe zimakhala ngati chosindikizira. Mitembo imasiyanitsidwa ndi kupondaponda ndi lamba woumitsa zitsulo, ndipo ngati matayala okhala ndi maulendo othamanga kwambiri, palinso lamba wa polyamide nthawi yomweyo pansi pa kupondapo. Pansi pake amazunguliridwa ndi waya wotchedwa mikanda, chifukwa chake ndizotheka kuyika tayalalo molimba komanso mwamphamvu pamphepete.

Magawo ndi mawonekedwe a matayala, monga kukhazikika pamakona, kugwira pamalo osiyanasiyana, msewu dino, zophatikizika ndi kuponda zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimakhala ndi chikoka chachikulu. Malinga ndi mtundu wa kupondaponda, matayala amatha kugawidwa kukhala otsogolera, chipika, osakanikirana, kukoka, nthiti ndi asymmetric, otsirizawa ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri masiku ano chifukwa cha mapangidwe amakono komanso osiyanasiyana.

Mbali zakunja ndi zamkati za tayala la asymmetric zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyana kwambiri - yoyamba imapangidwa kukhala ma cubes akuluakulu omwe ali ndi udindo woyendetsa galimoto, ndi midadada yaying'ono yomwe ili mkati imamwaza madzi.

Kuwonjezera pa midadada, gawo lina lofunika kwambiri la kupondapo ndilo lotchedwa sipes, i.e. mipata yopapatiza yomwe imapanga mipata mkati mwa midadada yopondapo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mabuleki aziyenda bwino komanso kupewa kutsetsereka pamalo amvula ndi matalala. Ichi ndichifukwa chake dongosolo la sipe m'matayala achisanu ndilokulirapo. Kuonjezera apo, matayala achisanu amapangidwa kuchokera ku chigawo chofewa, chosinthika kwambiri ndipo amapereka ntchito yabwino kwambiri pamtunda wamvula kapena wachisanu. Kutentha kukatsika pansi pafupifupi madigiri 7 Celsius, matayala achilimwe amauma ndipo mabuleki amachepa.

Mukagula tayala latsopano, mudzakumana ndi EU Energy Label, yomwe yakhala ikuvomerezedwa kuyambira 2014. Ikufotokoza magawo atatu okha: kukana kugudubuza (pogwiritsa ntchito mafuta), khalidwe la "rabala" pamtunda wonyowa komanso kuchuluka kwake mu decibel. Magawo awiri oyamba amasankhidwa ndi zilembo kuchokera ku "A" (zabwino) kupita ku "G" (zoyipa kwambiri).

Zolemba za EU ndi mtundu wa benchmark, zothandiza kufananiza matayala a kukula kofanana, koma tikudziwa kuchokera muzochita kuti sayenera kudaliridwa kwambiri. Ndikwabwino kudalira mayeso odziyimira pawokha ndi malingaliro omwe akupezeka muzosindikizira zamagalimoto kapena pa intaneti.

Chofunika kwambiri kwa wogwiritsa ntchito ndikulemba chizindikiro pa tayala lokha. ndipo tikuwona, mwachitsanzo, mndandanda wotsatira wa manambala ndi zilembo: 235/40 R 18 94 V XL. Nambala yoyamba ndi m'lifupi mwa tayala mu millimeters. "4" ndi mbiri ya tayala, i.e. chiŵerengero cha kutalika kwa m'lifupi (mu nkhani iyi ndi 40% ya 235 mm). "R" amatanthauza tayala lozungulira. Nambala yachitatu, "18", ndi m'mimba mwake wa mpando mu mainchesi ndipo ayenera kugwirizana awiri a mkombero. Nambala "94" ndi chiwerengero cha kuchuluka kwa matayala, pamenepa 615kg pa tayala. "V" ndi index index, i.e. liwiro pazipita galimoto akhoza kuyenda pa tayala anapatsidwa katundu (mu chitsanzo chathu ndi 240 Km/h; malire ena, mwachitsanzo, Q - 160 Km/h, T - 190 Km/h, H - 210 Km/h). "XL" ndi dzina la tayala lolimbitsidwa.

Pansi, pansi ndi pansi

Tikayerekeza magalimoto opangidwa zaka makumi angapo zapitazo ndi zamakono, ndithudi tidzawona kuti magalimoto atsopano ali ndi mawilo akuluakulu kuposa oyambirira awo. M'mphepete mwake ndi m'lifupi mwake gudumu lawonjezeka, pomwe mawonekedwe a tayala achepa. Mawilo oterowo amawoneka okongola kwambiri, koma kutchuka kwawo sikungopangidwa kokha. Chowonadi ndi chakuti magalimoto amakono akulemera kwambiri komanso mofulumira, ndipo zofuna za mabuleki zikuwonjezeka.

Kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono kumabweretsa kukula kwakukulu kwa tayala.

Kuwonongeka kwa matayala pa liwiro la msewu waukulu kudzakhala koopsa kwambiri ngati tayala la baluni liphulika - ndikosavuta kulephera kuyendetsa galimoto yotere. Galimoto yokhala ndi matayala otsika imatha kukhala mumsewu ndikuphwanya bwino.

Mkanda wochepa, wolimbikitsidwa ndi mlomo wapadera, umatanthauzanso kukhwima kwakukulu, komwe kuli kofunikira kwambiri pakuyenda kwachangu pamisewu yokhotakhota. Kuonjezera apo, galimotoyo imakhala yokhazikika pamene ikuyendetsa mofulumira komanso mabuleki bwino pa matayala apansi ndi aakulu. Komabe, m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, kutsika kumatanthauza kutonthozedwa pang'ono, makamaka m'misewu yamzinda yamabwinja. Tsoka lalikulu la mawilo oterowo ndi maenje ndi mazenera.

Penyani kuponda ndi kukakamiza

Mwachidziwitso, malamulo aku Poland amalola kuyendetsa pa matayala otsalira 1,6 mm. Koma kugwiritsa ntchito "chewing gum" yotere ndizovuta. Mtunda wamabuleki pamalo onyowa ndi wautali kuwirikiza katatu, ndipo ukhoza kukuwonongerani moyo wanu. Malire otsika achitetezo ndi 3 mm kwa matayala achilimwe ndi 4 mm kwa matayala achisanu.

Kukalamba kwa mphira kumapita patsogolo pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa kuuma kwake, komwe kumakhudza kuwonongeka kwa kugwira - makamaka pamtunda wonyowa. Chifukwa chake, musanayike kapena kugula tayala logwiritsidwa ntchito, muyenera kuyang'ana manambala anayi pakhoma la tayalalo: manambala awiri oyamba akuwonetsa sabata, ndipo manambala awiri omaliza akuwonetsa chaka chopanga. Ngati tayala latha zaka 10, sitiyenera kuligwiritsanso ntchito.

Ndikoyeneranso kuwunika momwe matayalawo akuwonongeka, chifukwa ena amachotsa matayala pantchito ngakhale kuti matayala ali bwino. Izi zimaphatikizapo ming'alu ya mphira, kuwonongeka kwapambuyo (zobowola), matuza kumbali ndi kutsogolo, kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa mikanda (kawirikawiri kumagwirizana ndi kuwonongeka kwa m'mphepete mwa mkombero).

Kodi chifupikitsa moyo wa matayala ndi chiyani? Kukwera ndi mpweya wochepa kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti munthu azivala, kusewera kuyimitsidwa komanso kusayenda bwino kwa geometry kumapangitsa kuti matayala (ndi rimu) awonongeke nthawi zambiri akamakwera m'mphepete mwachangu. Ndikoyenera kuyang'ana mwadongosolo kupanikizika, chifukwa tayala lopanda mpweya silimangowonongeka mofulumira, komanso limakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, kukana aquaplaning ndikuwonjezera kwambiri mafuta.

Opna Driveguard - Bridgeston Treadmill

Kuyambira 2014, TPMS, Tire Pressure Monitoring System, yakhala chida chovomerezeka cha magalimoto onse atsopano, dongosolo lomwe ntchito yake ndikuyang'anitsitsa kuthamanga kwa matayala. Zimabwera m'mabaibulo awiri.

Dongosolo lapakatikati limagwiritsa ntchito ABS kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa tayala, komwe kumawerengera kuthamanga kwa mawilo (kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono kumazungulira mwachangu) ndi kugwedezeka, komwe kumatengera kuuma kwa tayala. Sizovuta kwambiri, ndizotsika mtengo kugula ndi kusamalira, koma siziwonetsa miyeso yolondola, zimangowopsyeza pamene mpweya wa gudumu ukutha kwa nthawi yaitali.

Kumbali ina, machitidwe olunjika molondola komanso mosalekeza kupanikizika (ndipo nthawi zina kutentha) mu gudumu lililonse ndikutumiza zotsatira za muyeso ndi wailesi ku kompyuta yomwe ili pa bolodi. Komabe, ndi okwera mtengo, amawonjezera mtengo wa kusintha kwa matayala a nyengo, ndipo choipa kwambiri, amawonongeka mosavuta pogwiritsira ntchito.

Matayala omwe amapereka chitetezo ngakhale atawonongeka kwambiri akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka zambiri, mwachitsanzo, Kleber anayesa matayala odzaza ndi gel osakaniza bowo pambuyo pobowola, koma matayala okha ndi omwe adatchuka kwambiri pamsika. Zomwe zili zokhazikika zimakhala ndi khoma lolimbikitsidwa, lomwe, ngakhale kutsika kwapakati, limatha kuthandizira kulemera kwa galimotoyo kwa nthawi ndithu. M'malo mwake, amawonjezera chitetezo, koma, mwatsoka, sakhala opanda zopinga: misewu imakhala yaphokoso, imachepetsa chitonthozo choyendetsa (makoma olimba amatumiza kugwedezeka kwambiri kwa thupi lagalimoto), ndizovuta kwambiri kusamalira (zida zapadera zimafunikira) , amafulumizitsa kuvala kwa dongosolo loyimitsidwa.

akatswiri

Ubwino ndi magawo a rims ndi matayala ndizofunikira kwambiri mu motorsport ndi motorsport. Pali chifukwa chake galimoto imawonedwa ngati yopanda msewu ngati matayala ake, othamanga amatchula matayala ngati "golide wakuda".

Tayala la Pirelli lokonzekera F1 nyengo ya 2020

Tayala la Mud Terrain lopanda msewu

M'galimoto yothamanga kapena yoyendetsa galimoto, ndikofunika kuti muphatikize mlingo wapamwamba wa kugwidwa konyowa ndi kowuma ndi makhalidwe oyendetsera bwino. Tayala sayenera kutaya katundu wake chisakanizo chatenthedwa, chiyenera kugwirabe pa skidding, chiyenera kuyankha nthawi yomweyo ndi molondola kwambiri chiwongolero. Pamipikisano yodziwika bwino monga WRC kapena F1, ma tayala apadera amakonzedwa - nthawi zambiri ma seti angapo amapangidwira mosiyanasiyana. Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri yochitira: (popanda kuponda), miyala ndi mvula.

Nthawi zambiri timapeza mitundu iwiri ya matayala: AT (All Terrain) ndi MT (Mud Terrain). Ngati nthawi zambiri timayenda pa phula, koma osapewa kusamba kwamatope ndi mchenga wodutsa, tiyeni tigwiritse ntchito matayala a AT osinthasintha. Ngati kukana kwakukulu pakuwonongeka komanso kugwira bwino ndikofunikira, ndibwino kugula matayala amtundu wa MT. Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, zidzakhala zosagonja, makamaka pa dothi lamatope.

Wanzeru ndi wobiriwira

Matayala amtsogolo adzakhala okonda zachilengedwe, anzeru komanso ogwirizana ndi zosowa za wogwiritsa ntchito.

Chiwongolero chagalimoto yamtsogolo - Michelin Vision

Panali malingaliro ochepa a mawilo "obiriwira", koma malingaliro olimba mtima monga Michelin ndipo, mwina, palibe amene ankaganiza. Masomphenya a Michelin ndi tayala lotha kuwonongeka kwathunthu ndi mkombero umodzi. Amapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zobwezerezedwanso, safuna kupopera chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake amkati, ndipo amapangidwa mkati.

Goodyear Oxygene wobiriwira tayala yokutidwa ndi moss mbali

Michelin akuwonetsanso kuti magalimoto am'tsogolo azitha kusindikiza mayendedwe awo pa gudumu, malinga ndi zosowa za wogwiritsa ntchito. Komanso, Goodyear adapanga matayala a Oxygene, omwe si obiriwira okha m'dzina lake, chifukwa khoma lawo lotseguka limakutidwa ndi moss weniweni, wamoyo womwe umatulutsa mpweya ndi mphamvu. Chitsanzo chapadera chopondapo sichimangowonjezera kugwedezeka, komanso kumangirira madzi kuchokera pamsewu, kulimbikitsa photosynthesis. Mphamvu zomwe zimapangidwa munjira iyi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupatsa mphamvu masensa omwe ali mu tayala, gawo lanzeru lochita kupanga ndi zingwe zopepuka zomwe zili m'mbali mwa tayala.

Kupanga tayala la Goodyear reCharge

Oxygene imagwiritsanso ntchito kuwala kowoneka bwino kapena njira yolankhulirana ya LiFi kotero kuti imatha kulumikizana ndi intaneti ya Zinthu pamayendedwe agalimoto kupita kugalimoto (V2V) ndi magalimoto kupita kutawuni (V2I).

ndi chilengedwe chomwe chikukula mofulumira chazomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa komanso kusinthasintha nthawi zonse, udindo wa gudumu la galimoto uyenera kufotokozedwanso.

Galimoto yamtsogolo yokha idzakhala dongosolo lophatikizika la "smart" mafoni a m'manja, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo idzagwirizana ndi machitidwe oyankhulana ovuta kwambiri a misewu yamakono ndi.

Pa gawo loyamba la kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje anzeru pakupanga gudumu, masensa omwe amayikidwa m'matayala adzachita mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya miyeso, kenako ndikutumiza zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa kwa dalaivala kudzera pakompyuta kapena pa foni yam'manja. Chitsanzo cha yankho lotere ndi tayala lachiwonetsero la ContinentaleTIS, lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito sensa yolumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi chingwe cha tayala kuyeza kutentha kwa tayala, katundu, ngakhale kupondaponda kuya ndi kupanikizika. Pa nthawi yoyenera, eTIS idzadziwitsa dalaivala kuti ndi nthawi yoti asinthe tayala - osati ndi mtunda, koma ndi mkhalidwe weniweni wa rabara.

Chotsatira ndicho kupanga tayala yomwe, popanda kufunikira kwa dalaivala, idzayankha mokwanira ku deta yomwe imasonkhanitsidwa ndi masensa. Nyengo ndi misewu, mwachitsanzo, ikagwa mvula, mitsinje ya ngalande imakula m'lifupi kuti ichepetse chiopsezo cha aquaplaning. Njira yosangalatsa yamtunduwu ndi dongosolo lomwe limakupatsani mwayi wosinthira matayala a magalimoto oyenda pogwiritsa ntchito ma microcompressors oyendetsedwa ndi microprocessor.

Michelin Uptis czyli Wapadera odana ndi kubowola matayala

Basi yanzeru ndi basi yomwe imasinthidwa payekhapayekha kuti igwirizane ndi wogwiritsa ntchito komanso zosowa zake zamakono. Tiyerekeze kuti tikuyendetsa galimoto mumsewu waukulu, koma tidakali ndi chigawo chovuta kwambiri chomwe tikupita. Choncho, zofunika za matayala katundu zimasiyana kwambiri. Mawilo monga Goodyear reCharge ndiye yankho. M'mawonekedwe ake, amawoneka okhazikika - amapangidwa ndi mkombero ndi tayala.

Chinthu chofunika kwambiri, komabe, ndi malo osungiramo madzi apadera omwe ali m'mphepete mwake omwe ali ndi kapisozi wodzazidwa ndi chizolowezi chosakanikirana ndi biodegradable, kulola kuti masitepewo apangidwenso kapena kuti agwirizane ndi kusintha kwa msewu. Mwachitsanzo, ikhoza kukhala ndi mapondedwe akunja omwe angalole galimoto yachitsanzo chathu kuyendetsa kuchoka mumsewu waukulu ndikupita kumalo. Kuphatikiza apo, luntha lochita kupanga litha kupanga chisakanizo chamunthu payekhapayekha chomwe chimasinthidwa ndimayendedwe athu oyendetsa. Kuphatikizikako kudzapangidwa kuchokera ku biodegradable biomaterial ndi kulimbikitsidwa ndi ulusi wowuziridwa ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zachilengedwe zolimba kwambiri padziko lapansi - silika wa kangaude.

Palinso ma prototypes oyambirira a mawilo, omwe amasintha kwambiri njira zopangira zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka zoposa zana. Izi ndi zitsanzo zomwe zimabowola kotheratu ndikuwonongeka kosamva ndikuphatikizanso mkombero ndi tayala.

Chaka chapitacho, Michelin adayambitsa Uptis, chitsanzo chopanda mpweya chosasunthika chomwe kampaniyo ikukonzekera kumasula zaka zinayi. Danga pakati pa mapondedwe achikhalidwe ndi mkombero wadzaza ndi nthiti zotseguka zopangidwa kuchokera ku kuphatikiza kwapadera kwa rabala ndi fiberglass. Tayala loterolo silingabowoledwe chifukwa mulibe mpweya mkati mwake ndipo limasinthasintha mokwanira kuti lipereke chitonthozo komanso nthawi yomweyo kukana kwambiri kuwonongeka.

Mpira m'malo mwa gudumu: Goodyear Eagle 360 ​​Urban

Mwina magalimoto amtsogolo sangapite pa mawilo konse, koma pa ... ndodo. Masomphenya awa adaperekedwa ndi Goodyear mu mawonekedwe a prototype Mphungu 360 Urban. Mpira uyenera kukhala wabwinoko kuposa gudumu lokhazikika, kunyowetsa mabampu, kukulitsa luso lagalimoto yowoloka dzikolo ndi kuthekera kodutsa dziko (kutembenukira pomwepo), ndikupereka kulimba kwambiri.

Eagle 360 ​​​​Urban idakulungidwa mu chipolopolo chosinthika cha bionic chodzaza ndi masensa omwe amatha kuyang'anira momwe alili ndikusonkhanitsa zambiri za chilengedwe, kuphatikizapo msewu. Kumbuyo kwa "khungu" la bionic pali porous dongosolo lomwe limakhala losinthasintha ngakhale kulemera kwa galimotoyo. Miyendo yomwe ili pansi pa tayala, yomwe imagwira ntchito mofanana ndi minofu yaumunthu, imatha kupanga zidutswa za tayalalo mpaka kalekale. Komanso Mphungu 360 Urban imatha kudzikonza yokha - masensa akazindikira kubowola, amazungulira mpirawo m'njira yochepetsera kuthamanga kwa malo obowola ndikupangitsa kuti makhemikolo atseke!