Autocrane MAZ-500

MAZ-500 akhoza kuonedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa magalimoto odziwika a nthawi ya Soviet. Inakhala galimoto yoyamba yopangidwa ku Soviet Union. Chitsanzo china chofanana ndi MAZ-53366. Kufunika kwa mapangidwe agalimoto otere kudayamba kalekale, popeza zofooka za mtundu wakale zakhala zikumveka padziko lonse lapansi.

Komabe, kokha kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 60 khalidwe la misewu ya dziko lalikulu linakhala lokwanira kuti makinawo azigwira ntchito.

MAZ-500 anasiya mzere msonkhano wa "Minsk" mu 1965, m'malo akala a mndandanda 200, ndipo asanamalize kupanga mu 1977, anatha kukhala nthano mu makampani zoweta galimoto.

Ndipo kenako, mu theka lachiwiri la 80s anaonekera chitsanzo MAZ-5337. Werengani za izo apa.

Kufotokozera galimoto yotaya MAZ 500

MAZ-500 mu Baibulo tingachipeze powerenga - pa bolodi dambo galimoto ndi nsanja matabwa. Kuthekera kopitilira dziko, kudalirika komanso mwayi wokwanira wowongolera zidapangitsa kuti zitheke kuzigwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi gawo lililonse lazachuma chadziko ngati galimoto yotayirapo, thirakitala kapena galimoto ya flatbed.

Chifukwa cha mapangidwe apadera, makinawa amatha kugwira ntchito popanda zida zamagetsi ngati ayambika kuchokera pa thirakitala, zomwe zinadzutsa chidwi chachikulu kwa asilikali m'galimoto.

Injini

Yaroslavl unit YaMZ-500 anakhala injini m'munsi pa mndandanda 236. Iyi ndi dizilo ya V6 yokhala ndi mikwingwirima inayi popanda turbocharging, ikupanga torque mpaka 667 Nm pa 1500 rpm. Mofanana ndi injini zonse za mndandanda uwu, "YaMZ-236" ndi yodalirika kwambiri ndipo sichinayambe kudandaula ndi eni ake a MAZ-500.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta

Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta pa 100 Km ndi pafupifupi malita 22-25, omwe amafanana ndi galimoto yamtunduwu. (Kwa ZIL-5301, chiwerengero ichi ndi 12l / 100km). The welded mafuta thanki MAZ-500 ndi buku la malita 175 ali ndi magawo awiri kuti zichepetse mphamvu hayidiroliki mafuta. Chotsalira chokha cha unit panthawiyi ndi kalasi yotsika ya chilengedwe.

Kutumiza

Kutumiza kwa galimotoyo ndi kabuku kakang'ono kachisanu ndi ma synchronizers mu giya lachiwiri ndi lachitatu ndi lachinayi ndi lachisanu. Poyamba anali limodzi litayamba, ndipo kuyambira 1970 anaika awiri litayamba youma mikangano clutch, ndi luso kusinthana pansi katundu. Clutchyo inali mu crankcase yachitsulo.

Chomera cha KamAZ chikupanga mitundu yatsopano yamagalimoto atsopano. Mutha kuwerenga zankhani zatsopano pano.

Mbiri ya chitukuko cha chomera cha KamAZ, luso lapadera ndi zitsanzo zazikulu zafotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi.

Chimodzi mwazotukuka zatsopano za mbewuyi ndi galimoto yomwe imayendera methane. Mukhoza kuwerenga za izo apa.

Chitsulo chogwira matayala kumbuyo

Kumbuyo nkhwangwa MAZ-500 ndiye chachikulu. Torque imagawidwa mu gearbox. Izi zimachepetsa katundu pazitsulo zosiyanitsira ndi zitsulo, zomwe zimafanizira bwino ndi mapangidwe a magalimoto 200.

Pazosintha zosiyanasiyana, ma axles akumbuyo adapangidwa ndi chiŵerengero cha gear cha 7,73 ndi 8,28, chomwe chinasinthidwa ndikuwonjezeka kapena kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha mano pamagiya a cylindrical a gearbox.

Masiku ano, kuti apititse patsogolo ntchito ya MAZ-500, mwachitsanzo, kuchepetsa kugwedezeka, ma axles amakono akumbuyo nthawi zambiri amaikidwa pagalimoto, kawirikawiri kuchokera ku LiAZ ndi LAZ.

Kanyumba ndi thupi

Woyamba MAZ-500s anali ndi nsanja yamatabwa. Pambuyo pake, zosankha zokhala ndi thupi lachitsulo zidawonekera.

Galimoto yotayira ya MAZ-500 inali ndi kabati yazitsulo zitatu yokhala ndi zitseko ziwiri. Kanyumba kameneka kamapereka malo okhala, mabokosi a zinthu ndi zida. Chitonthozo cha dalaivala chinaperekedwa ndi mipando yosinthika, mpweya wabwino wa kanyumba ndi kutentha, komanso visor ya dzuwa. Kanyumba omasuka, mwachitsanzo, ZIL-431410.

Chophimba chakutsogolo chimakhala ndi magawo awiri, olekanitsidwa ndi kugawa, koma mosiyana ndi chitsanzo 200, burashi yoyendetsa ili pansi. Cab imapendekeka kutsogolo kuti ipereke mwayi wopita kuchipinda cha injini.

Makhalidwe aukadaulo a thirakitala

Miyeso yoyambira

• L x W x H - 7,1 x 2,6 x 2,65 m,
• wheelbase - 3,85 m,
• njanji yakumbuyo - 1,9 m,
• kutalika - 1950 m;
• pansi chilolezo - 290mm,
• kukula kwa nsanja - 4,86 x 2,48 x 6,7 m,
• kuchuluka kwa thupi - 8,05 m3.

Malipiro ndi kulemera

• katundu mphamvu - 7,5 matani, (kwa ZIL-157 - 4,5 matani)
• kulemera kwake - 6,5 matani,
• kulemera kwakukulu kwa ngolo - matani 12,
• kulemera kwakukulu - 14,8 matani.

Kuyerekeza, inu mukhoza kudziwa ndi kunyamula mphamvu BelAZ.

Zowonetsera

• liwiro lalikulu - 75 km / h,
• mtunda woyimitsa - 18 m,
• mphamvu - 180 hp,
• injini kukula - 11,1 l,
• Kuchuluka kwa thanki yamafuta - 175 l,
• mafuta - 25 l / 100 Km;
• utali wozungulira - 9,5 m.

Zosintha ndi mitengo

Mapangidwe a MAZ-500 adakhala opambana kwambiri, omwe adapangitsa kuti pakhale zosintha zambiri ndi ma prototypes pamaziko agalimoto yotaya, kuphatikiza:

• MAZ-500Sh - galimotoyo, yowonjezeredwa ndi thupi lapadera ndi zipangizo (crane, chosakanizira konkire, galimoto yamoto).
• MAZ-500V - ndi kusinthidwa ndi thupi zitsulo zonse ndi kanyumba, opangidwa ndi dongosolo wapadera asilikali.
• MAZ-500G ndi osowa kusinthidwa, amene ndi galimoto ndi m'munsi otalikirapo kunyamula katundu oversized.
• MAZ-500S (MAZ-512) ndi kusinthidwa kwa Far North ndi zina Kutentha ndi kutchinjiriza kanyumba, chotenthetsera chiyambi ndi nyali yofufuzira ntchito mu zinthu polar usiku.
• MAZ-500YU (MAZ-513) - mtundu wa nyengo yotentha, yomwe ili ndi kanyumba kokhala ndi zotsekemera zotentha.

Mu 1970 anamasulidwa chitsanzo bwino MAZ-500A. Inali ndi m'lifupi mwake yomwe inachepetsedwa kuti ikwaniritse zofunikira zapadziko lonse, gearbox yokonzedwa bwino, ndipo kunja kwake inali yosiyana kwambiri ndi grille yatsopano ya radiator. Liwiro pazipita Baibulo latsopano chawonjezeka 85 Km / h, mphamvu kunyamula chawonjezeka matani 8.

Ena zitsanzo analengedwa pa maziko a MAZ-500

• MAZ-504 ndi thirakitala awiri-axle, mosiyana ndi magalimoto ena zochokera MAZ-500, anali akasinja awiri mafuta malita 175 aliyense. thalakitala lotsatira MAZ-504V mu mzere anali okonzeka ndi 240 ndiyamphamvu YaMZ 238 ndi kunyamula theka ngolo yolemera matani 20.
• MAZ-503 - mtundu dambo galimoto.
• MAZ-511: galimoto yotayira yokhala ndi mbali yotsitsa, osati yopangidwa ndi misa.
• MAZ-509 - chonyamulira matabwa chosiyana ndi MAZ-500 ndi zitsanzo zina zakale ndi awiri litayamba zowalamulira, manambala gearbox ndi kutsogolo zitsulo zitsulo.

Ma MAZ ena a mndandanda wa 500 adayesa magudumu onse: iyi ndi galimoto yoyesera yankhondo 505 ndi thirakitala yagalimoto 508. Komabe, palibe zitsanzo zonse zomwe zinapangidwa.

Masiku ano, magalimoto opangidwa ndi MAZ-500 amapezeka pamsika wamagalimoto ogwiritsidwa ntchito pamtengo wa ma ruble 150-300. Kwenikweni, awa ndi magalimoto omwe ali muukadaulo wabwino, wopangidwa kumapeto kwa 70s.

Kutsegula

Ngakhale tsopano, magalimoto a mndandanda wa 500 akhoza kuwonedwa m'misewu ya mayiko omwe kale anali Soviet Union. Galimoto iyi ilinso ndi mafani ake, omwe, mosasamala kanthu za khama ndi nthawi, akuimba MAZ yakale.

 

Monga lamulo, galimotoyo imakonzedwanso kuti iwonjezere mphamvu yonyamula ndi chitonthozo kwa dalaivala. injini m'malo ndi YaMZ-238 wamphamvu kwambiri, amene ndi zofunika kuika bokosi ndi ziboda. Ngati izi sizichitika, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kudzakwera mpaka malita 35 pa 100 km kapena kupitilira apo.

Kuwongolera kwakukulu koteroko kumafuna ndalama zambiri, koma, malinga ndi madalaivala, amalipira. Kuti muyende bwino, axle yakumbuyo ndi ma shock absorbers asinthidwa.

Mwachikhalidwe, chidwi chochuluka chimaperekedwa ku salon. Kutentha kodziyimira pawokha, kutentha ndi kutsekemera kwa phokoso, kukhazikitsa zoziziritsa kukhosi ndi kuyimitsidwa kwa mpweya - izi si mndandanda wathunthu wa zosintha zomwe okonda kupanga ku MAZ-500.

Ngati tilankhula za kusintha kwa dziko, ndiye kuti nthawi zambiri zitsanzo zingapo za mndandanda wa 500 zimasinthidwa kukhala thirakitala imodzi. Ndipo, ndithudi, chinthu choyamba mutatha kugula ndikubweretsa MAZ kuti ikhale yogwira ntchito, popeza msinkhu wa magalimoto umamveka.

Sitingathe kutchula ntchito zonse zomwe MAZ-500 angachite: chonyamulira gulu, galimoto asilikali, mafuta ndi madzi chonyamulira, crane galimoto. Galimoto yapadera imeneyi adzakhala mpaka kalekale mu mbiri ya Soviet magalimoto makampani monga kholo la zitsanzo zabwino zambiri Minsk chomera, monga MAZ-5551.