albatross
Albatross, i.e. galimoto yopanda ndege ya Gulu Lankhondo Lankhondo la ku Poland
Chimodzi mwazolinga za Operational Program "Image and Satellite Recognition" ya Plan for the Technical Modernization of the Polish Armed Forces for 2013-2022 ikukhudza kugula kwaukadaulo kosasunthika kosunthika kosasunthika komanso kutera ndege zovuta, zotchedwa " Albatros", yomwe idapangidwa kuti igwire ntchito kuchokera kumagulu a Gulu Lankhondo laku Poland. Choncho, idzakhala dongosolo logwiritsidwa ntchito ndi amalinyero ndi mishoni makamaka panyanja.
Mwinamwake, funso loyamba lomwe limakhalapo potchula za sitima yapamadzi yowuluka ikukhudza chonyamulira chake, i.e. sitima. Kusamuka kwake, kapangidwe kake, makulidwe a cockpit ndi hangar (ngakhale telescopic) zimatsimikizira magawo aukadaulo ndiukadaulo wagalimoto yopanda munthu. Mkhalidwe wosauka wa Gulu Lankhondo Lankhondo la ku Poland komanso kuchepa kwa zombo zamakono kungayambitse kukayikira kuti kugula ma UAV oyendetsa ndege m'mikhalidwe yotere sikukuvuta.
Hazard Perry, amalamulira sitima yapamadzi ORP Kontradmirał Xawery Czernicki ndipo posakhalitsa amalondera sitima ya ORP Ślązak. Komabe, zisankho za December za Unduna wa Zachitetezo ndi Zoyang'anira Zida za Unduna wa Zachitetezo, zomwe ndi kubwerera ku kukhazikitsa pulogalamu yomanga zombo zapanyanja za Mechnik, kukakamiza zombo zatsopano zapamtunda kubwereranso pamwambo, zomwe zitha kukhala corvettes kapena frigates. , ndipo atatu mwa iwo adzawonjezedwa ku Polish Navy kupitirira 2025, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Maritime Safety Forum yaposachedwa. Chifukwa chake, titha kuganiziridwa kuti njira yaukadaulo ya "UAV yaukadaulo yaufupi yokhala ndi kukhazikitsidwa kowongoka" idzapezedwa ndi Mechnikovs (omwe pulogalamu yake idali ikukwera pomwe Albatross amaganiziridwa).
Tactical, ndi chiyani?
Tisanayambe kuganizira zomwe Albatross ayenera kukhala nazo m'tsogolomu, m'pofunika kudziwa zomwe IU imamvetsetsa ndi mawu akuti "tactical" UAV. Zofunikira zomwe zawululidwa pamasanjidwe, kutalika kwaulendo waulendo ndi kuchuluka kwa malipiro ndizokhazikika ndipo zimatengera luso lojambula, lalikulu kwambiri, lalikulu kwambiri, lalikulu kwambiri. Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito pa liwiro laulendo wotheka. Komabe, mawuwa ndi lingaliro: Ndikoyenera kuti kulemera kwa nsanja imodzi ya mlengalenga sikudutsa 200 kg (MTOW - kulemera kwakukulu konyamuka). Choncho, UAV yofunidwa ili pakati pa I ndi II kalasi ya UAVs malinga ndi gulu la NATO. Kalasi I imaphatikizapo zida zolemera zosakwana 150 kg, ndi kalasi II - kuyambira 150 mpaka 600 kg. Kulemera ndi miyeso ya UAV imamasuliridwa mu radius yake yogwiritsira ntchito, yomwe, ndi kulemera kwake kovomerezeka ME, kungadziwike ngati 100÷150 km. Izi zikutsatiranso pawailesi. UAV iyenera kuwuluka mkati mwa malo owonetsera (m'malo owonera) ma antennas olumikizirana (kuwongolera ndege ndi kutumizirananso deta) m'sitimayo, chofunikira ichi chikuphatikizidwa muzofunikira zogwirira ntchito, kapena chikhoza kugonjetsa gawo lanjirayo mwaufulu, kuphatikizapo kuzindikira, pambuyo pa mapulogalamu oyambirira, koma kenaka sichikhoza kufalitsa deta yanzeru mu nthawi yeniyeni. Ndi kulemera kwa 200 kg, Albatross sadzakhala ndi njira yolumikizirana ndi satellite. Kuthekera kwina kungakhale kutumizirana ma sign, koma, choyamba, palibe chofunikira chotere, ndipo chachiwiri, izi zitha kutanthauza kuchuluka kwa ma UAV m'sitimayo ngati UAV ina yowuluka iyenera kupereka kutumiza (kuthekera kwina ndikutumiza ndege ina, mwachitsanzo, yopangidwa ndi anthu, koma muzinthu zenizeni za Chipolishi izi ndizongoganizira chabe).
Ponena za zizindikiro zina za spatiotemporal, tingaganize kuti liwiro la ndege silidzapitirira 200 km / h (liwiro laulendo lidzakhala lopitirira 100 km / h), ndipo nthawi yothawirako idzakhala yosiyana ndi ~ 4 ÷ 8. N'zotheka kupitirira kutalika kwa mamita oposa 1000, koma kutalika kwa ndege yolondera sikudzapitirira mamita mazana angapo. Kuphatikiza pa chikhalidwe cha ntchitoyo, magawowa adzakhudzidwa ndi mapangidwe a UAV osankhidwa, komanso zochitika za hydrometeorological.
Mtengo wa magawo VTOL
Mwanthabwala, kusankha dzina lachidziwitso cha pulogalamu kumasonyeza kuti nthawi yaulendo ndi nthawi yothawa imakhala patsogolo kuposa VTOL. Kupatula apo, albatross amadziwika kuti amatha kubisala mtunda waukulu chifukwa chowuluka pamapiko awo ndi kutalika kwa pafupifupi mamita atatu ("makhalidwe awo aukadaulo" ali pafupi ndi MQ-4C Triton kuposa UAV yomwe MO akufuna kugula). Mapiko omwewo amalepheretsa mbalamezi kunyamuka mofulumira komanso mosavuta (ziyenera kuthamanga), komanso kuti zisamafike molondola pamtunda. Ndipo ma albatross amadziwikanso bwino chifukwa cha kupusa kumeneku pansi.
Koma mozama, momwe mungayendere moyima ndikutera kuchokera pa sitima yapamadzi imachepetsa njira zomwe zingatheke kuti Albatross amangidwe. Njira yosavuta ndiyo ingakhale helikopita yopanda munthu. Makina oterowo ndi otchuka padziko lonse lapansi pakugwiritsa ntchito ngati Albatross. Pali, ndithudi, ma avant-garde ambiri kapena osadziwika bwino onyamuka ndi njira zokwerera. Kukula kwa makina, otanthauzidwa ndi English chidule VTOL (kapena V / STOL), ndi mbali ya mbiri ya ndege, amene Komabe, si mutu wa nkhaniyi. Zokwanira kunena kuti pazaka makumi ambiri, malingaliro osiyanasiyana ayesedwa kuti asinthe kuchoka kumtunda kupita kumtunda kupita kutsogolo ndi mosemphanitsa, ndipo ochepa chabe a iwo akhazikitsidwa. Makamaka chifukwa cha chitukuko cha zamagetsi zomwe zimapereka kuyendetsa ndege. Ena mwa malingalirowa asintha (makamaka mu gawo loyesera) kukhala magalimoto opanda munthu. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ngati tiganizira za ndege zoyesera, zamtundu kapena zamalonda zosayendetsedwa, ndiye kuti palibe njira yoyendetsa ndege yomwe sinayesedwe.
