Ma eyapoti Padziko Lonse 2021
Ndege yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndi Hong Kong, yomwe idanyamula matani 5,02 miliyoni (+ 12,5%). Pali zonyamula 44 zonyamula katundu nthawi zonse, zazikulu kwambiri zomwe ndi Cathay Pacific Cargo ndi Cargolux. Chithunzicho ndi eyapoti ya Hong Kong.
M'chaka chamavuto cha 2021, ma eyapoti padziko lonse lapansi adatumiza anthu 4,42 biliyoni ndi katundu wokwana matani 124 miliyoni, ndipo ndege zolumikizirana zidachita zonyamuka ndi kutera zokwana 69 miliyoni. Poyerekeza ndi chaka chatha, kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe ka ndege kudakwera ndi 31,5%, 14% ndi 12%, motsatana. Madoko akuluakulu okwera: Atlanta (okwera 75,7 miliyoni), Dallas/Fort Worth (okwera 62,5 miliyoni), Denver, Chicago, O'Hare ndi Los Angeles Cargo ports: Hong Kong (matani 5,02 miliyoni), Memphis, Shanghai. , Anchorage ndi Seoul. Madoko khumi apamwamba omwe ali ndi maopaleshoni ambiri ali ku United States, komwe kuli Atlanta (Opera 708), Chicago O'Hare ndi Dallas/Fort Worth papulatifomu.
Msika woyendetsa ndege ndi imodzi mwamagawo akulu kwambiri azachuma padziko lonse lapansi. Imakulitsa mgwirizano wa mayiko ndi malonda ndipo ndi chinthu chomwe chimapangitsa kuti chitukuko chikhale cholimba. Ma eyapoti olumikizirana ndi ma eyapoti omwe akugwira nawo ntchito ndizofunikira kwambiri pamsika. Amakhala makamaka pafupi ndi matawuni agglomerations, ndipo chifukwa cha madera akuluakulu omwe anthu amakhalamo komanso chitetezo chaphokoso, nthawi zambiri amakhala patali kwambiri ndi malo awo. Pali ma eyapoti okwana 2500 padziko lonse lapansi, kuyambira lalikulu kwambiri, pomwe ndege zimagwira ntchito mazana angapo patsiku, mpaka zazing'ono kwambiri, zomwe zimangochitika mwa apo ndi apo. Mapangidwe awo ndi osiyanasiyana ndipo amasinthidwa ndi kukula kwa magalimoto omwe amawagwiritsa ntchito. Kutengera momwe amagwirira ntchito komanso luso komanso kuthekera kothandizira mitundu ina ya ndege, ma eyapoti amagawidwa motsatira dongosolo la ma code. Zili ndi nambala ndi chilembo, zomwe ziwerengero kuchokera ku 1 mpaka 4 zimayimira kutalika kwa msewu wonyamukira ndege, ndipo zilembo zochokera ku A mpaka F zimatsimikiziranso za luso la ndege.
Bungwe lomwe limagwirizanitsa ma eyapoti padziko lonse lapansi ndi ACI Airports Council International, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 1991. Amayimira zofuna zawo pazokambirana ndi zokambirana ndi mabungwe apadziko lonse, maulendo a ndege ndi onyamula katundu, komanso amapanga miyezo ya utumiki wa doko. Mu Januware 2022, ogwira ntchito 717 adalumikizana ndi ACI, akugwiritsa ntchito ma eyapoti 1950 m'maiko 185. 95% ya magalimoto padziko lapansi imachitika kumeneko, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tiganizire ziwerengero za bungwe ili ngati nthumwi ya mauthenga onse oyendetsa ndege. ACI World ili ku Montreal ndipo imathandizidwa ndi makomiti apadera ndi magulu ogwira ntchito ndipo ili ndi maofesi asanu achigawo: ACI North America (Washington); ACI Europe (Brussels); ACI-Asia/Pacific (Hong Kong); ACI-Africa (Casablanca) ndi ACI-South America/Caribbean (Panama City).
Ziwerengero zamaulendo apandege 2021
Ziwerengero za ACI zikuwonetsa kuti chaka chatha, ma eyapoti apadziko lonse lapansi adathandizira anthu 4,42 biliyoni, omwe ndi 1,06 biliyoni kuposa chaka cham'mbuyomo, koma 4,73 biliyoni ochepera kuposa mliri wa 2019 (-52%) usanachitike. Poyerekeza ndi chaka chatha, magalimoto onyamula katundu adakwera ndi 31,5%, ndi mphamvu zazikulu zomwe zidalembedwa m'madoko a North America (71%) ndi South America. (52%). M'misika ikuluikulu iwiri ya ku Europe ndi Asia, kuchuluka kwa anthu okwera kumakwera ndi 38% ndi 0,8%, motsatana. M'mawerengero, okwera ambiri adafika pamadoko a North America (+ 560 miliyoni okwera) ndi Europe (+280 miliyoni). Kusintha kwa mliri wa mliri m'maiko pawokha kunali ndi chiyambukiro chachikulu pa zotsatira za chaka chatha. Malo ambiri opita pandege anali oletsedwa m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kapena kuwuluka kupita ku eyapoti ina kunali ndi zovuta, monga kukhala kwaokha kapena kuyezetsa kuti alibe Covid-19.
M'gawo loyamba, ntchito yama eyapoti idaphimbidwa ndi ziletso zolimba za covid. Kuyambira Januware mpaka Marichi, okwera 753 miliyoni adathandizidwa, zomwe ndi kutsika kwa mayendedwe 839 miliyoni poyerekeza ndi nthawi yomweyi chaka chatha. (-53%). Kuchokera gawo lachiwiri, zoyendetsa ndege zinayamba kuchira pang'onopang'ono, ndipo nthawiyi inatha ndi okwera 1030 miliyoni (23% ya zotsatira zapachaka). Uku ndikuwonjezeka kanayi poyerekeza ndi zotsatira za kotala za 2020 (okwera 251 miliyoni).
M'gawo lachitatu, ma eyapoti adathandizira okwera 1347 miliyoni (30,5% yazotsatira zapachaka), chomwe ndi chiwonjezeko cha 83% poyerekeza ndi nthawi yomweyi ya chaka chatha. Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kotala kwa magalimoto onyamula katundu kunalembedwa m'madoko a North America (159%), Europe (102%) ndi South America. M'gawo lachinayi, madoko adagwira ndege za 1291 miliyoni. (29% ya zotsatira zapachaka), komanso kuyenda pandege m'maiko omwewo kudalira zoletsa zoyimitsidwa. Madoko ku Europe ndi North America adalemba kukula kwakukulu kotala kotala kwa 172% (-128%), pomwe madoko aku Asia ndi Pacific Islands (-6%) adataya.
Munthawi yonse ya 2021, ma eyapoti ambiri adawonetsa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto apamtunda pamlingo wa 20% mpaka 40%. M'mawerengero, chiwerengero chachikulu cha okwera adafika kumalo akuluakulu aku America: Atlanta (+ pass. +33 miliyoni), Denver (+25 miliyoni okwera), Dallas / Fort Worth (+23 miliyoni okwera), Chicago, Los Angeles , Orlando ndi Las Vegas, Komano, anakana: London Gatwick (-3,9 miliyoni anthu), Guangzhou (-3,5 miliyoni anthu), London Heathrow Airport (-2,7 miliyoni anthu) ), Beijing Capital (-2 miliyoni anthu) . .), Shenzhen ndi London Stansted. Mwa madoko omwe ali pamwambawa, doko ku Orlando linalemba kukula kwakukulu (okwera 40,3 miliyoni, kukula kwa 86,7%), komwe kudakwera kuchokera pa 27 (mu 2020) kufika pachisanu ndi chiwiri.
Doko lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi potengera kuchuluka kwa anthu okwera padziko lonse lapansi ndi Dubai, yomwe idatumikira anthu 29,1 miliyoni (+ 12,7%). Ndegeyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi onyamula 98, akuluakulu omwe ndi Emirates Airline ndi FlyDubai.
Mliri wa Covid-19 sunakhudze mayendedwe onyamula katundu. Mu 2021, madoko adanyamula katundu wokwana matani 124 miliyoni, i.e. Matani 15 miliyoni kuposa chaka chapitacho (+ 14%), makamaka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa malonda ogula pa intaneti, komanso kuwonjezeka kwa kufunikira kwa kayendedwe ka ndege kwa katundu wachipatala. mankhwala, kuphatikizapo katemera. Madoko khumi akuluakulu onyamula katundu adagwira matani 31,5 miliyoni (25% ya magalimoto onyamula katundu padziko lonse lapansi), zomwe zikuwonetsa kukula kwa 12%. Pakati pa madoko akuluakulu, Tokyo Narita (31%), Los Angeles (20,7%) ndi Doha adalemba zochitika zazikulu, pamene Memphis idatsika (-2,9%).
Mabwalo a ndege ananyamulako ndi kuterako 69 miliyoni chaka chatha, kukwera ndi 12% kuchokera chaka chatha. Madoko khumi otanganidwa kwambiri, omwe akuyimira 8% ya kuchuluka kwa anthu padziko lonse lapansi (ntchito 5,3 miliyoni), adawonetsa kukula kwa 34%, koma izi ndizochepera 16% kuposa momwe zinalili mliri wa 2019 usanachitike), Las Vegas (54%), Houston ( makumi asanu% ). %), Los Angeles ndi Denver. Kumbali ina, m'mawerengero, chiwerengero chachikulu cha ntchito chinalembedwa m'madoko otsatirawa: Atlanta (+50 zikwi), Chicago (+41 zikwi), Denver ndi Dallas / Fort Worth.
Ziwerengero zamagalimoto okwera pamadoko a ACI World zikuwonetsa kuyambiranso kwa ma eyapoti akuluakulu ndikubwerera kwawo pamwamba pa masanjidwewo. Ngakhale tikusamala za kuchira kwanthawi yayitali, mapulani opititsa patsogolo misika yoyendetsa ndege atha kubweretsa kukula kwawo koyambirira kumapeto kwa theka lachiwiri la 2022. ACI World ikupitilizabe kulimbikitsa maboma kuti aziyang'anira msika wamaulendo apandege ndikuchepetsanso ziletso zapaulendo. Izi zithandizira kuyambiranso kwachuma chapadziko lonse lapansi pogwiritsa ntchito gawo lapadera la ndege pachitukuko: malonda, zokopa alendo, ndalama komanso kupanga ntchito, "atero a Luis Felipe de Oliveira, CEO wa ACI, akufotokoza mwachidule momwe ma eyapoti apadziko lonse lapansi adagwirira ntchito chaka chatha.
