Admiral Alfabeti
Chimodzi mwa zombo zoyamba pansi pa lamulo la Cunningham, Scorpion wowononga.
Admiral of the Fleet Sir Andrew Browne Cunningham, yemwe amadziwika ndi dzina loti "Admiral ABC", XNUMXst Viscount Cunningham wa Hyndhope, woperekedwa mwa zina. Ndi Order of Ost, Knight's Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath, Order of Merit ndi Distinguished Service Order, mwina anali m'modzi mwa akuluakulu ankhondo apamadzi aku Britain odziwika bwino pantchito ndi njira zankhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse. . Chinali chitsanzo cha zomwe, ngakhale mu nthawi zamdima kwambiri, zidapatsa Royal Navy mphamvu yochita bwino - kudekha, koma osati kusuliza, kusamala, koma osati kuchedwa, ukatswiri wapamadzi, kuphatikiza kuthekera kopereka nsembe, chifukwa cha chikhulupiriro udindo wapadera. malinga ndi mbiri yakale, adasankhidwa ku "utumiki wapamwamba kwambiri". Zinali limodzi ndi kunyada komwe sikunachokere kudzikuza, koma kuchokera kupamwamba (koma kwenikweni) kuunika kwa mphamvu za munthu, pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zitatu zofunika pa gulu lirilonse: kupitiriza, kupitiriza ndi miyambo.
Andrew Cunningham anabadwira m'banja la Scottish, lomwe, komabe, amakhala ku Ireland. Analira kulira kwake koyamba pa Januware 7, 1883 ku Rathmines (Irish Rath Maonais, dera lakumwera kwa Dublin). Anali wachitatu mwa ana asanu a Prof. Daniel John Cunningham (1850-1909, katswiri wodziwika bwino wa anatomist yemwe anali mphunzitsi ku Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland ku Dublin, pambuyo pake ku Trinity College ndiyeno Wachiwiri kwa Chancellor wa University of Edinburgh) ndi mkazi wake, Elizabeth Cumming Brose. Woyang'anira tsogolo anali ndi abale awiri (wamng'ono - Alan, anakwera pa udindo wa mkulu wa asilikali British, anali mkulu Commissioner ku Palestine mu 1945-1948, wamkulu - John, anatumikira mu Indian Medical Service, kukwera kwa udindo. wa lieutenant colonel) ndi alongo awiri. Iye anakulira m’chiyanjano cha chipembedzo (anali wa Tchalitchi cha Scotland, chozikidwa pa Chipresbyterian chamakono ndi miyambo, ndipo agogo ake a agogo a atate anali m’busa) ndi chipembedzo cha chidziŵitso. M'zaka zoyambirira za moyo wake, iye analeredwa ndi mayi ake, amene ankayendetsa panyumba, ndipo kuyambira nthawi imeneyi, pakati pawo mwina pakati pawo pamakhala maubwenzi otentha, amene anapitiriza mu moyo wa admiral wotsatira. Atafika kusukulu, adatumizidwa koyamba kusukulu yamaphunziro yaku Dublin, kenako ku Edinburgh Academy ku likulu la Scotland. Andrew panthawiyo anali m'manja mwa azakhali ake, Doodles ndi Connie Mae. Chitsanzo choterechi cha kulera, chophatikizapo kulekana koyambirira ndi banja, sukulu yogonera kapena kukhala m'sukulu yogonera ndi banja lakutali, ndiye chinali chikhalidwe cha kalasi yake, ngakhale lero zingakhale zokayikitsa. Edinburgh Academy inali (ndipo ikadali) imodzi mwasukulu zodziwika bwino zaku Scottish. Omaliza maphunziro ake aphatikiza ndale, otchuka m'dziko lazachuma ndi mafakitale, akuluakulu ampingo, komanso othamanga otchuka ndi maofesala odziwika bwino. Zokwanira kunena kuti Academy imadzitamandira kuti amuna 9 omwe adasiya makoma ake adalandira Victoria Cross - dongosolo lapamwamba kwambiri la ku Britain chifukwa cha kulimba mtima pankhondo.
Nthano ya banja la Cunningham imati Andrew ali ndi zaka 10, abambo ake adamufunsa (mwa telegraph) ngati angafune kulowa nawo Royal Navy m'tsogolomu. Inde, n'zovuta kukhulupirira kuti mwanayo anali ndi zina zomwe zimamuthandiza kuti asankhe mwanzeru, koma Andrei anavomera, osatsimikiza kuti akulemera chiyani. Komanso, makolo ake mwina sankadziwa bwino za izi, chifukwa zisanachitike, ngakhale m'banja la abambo kapena m'banja la amayi analibe kugwirizana ndi "antchito akuluakulu" (monga momwe zombozi zinkatchedwa panthawiyo). Kutsatira chisankho chake, Andrew anakafika ku Stubbington House (ku Stubbington - Hampshire, pafupifupi 1,5 km kuchokera ku Solent, yomwe imalekanitsa Isle of Wight ndi English "mainland"). Bungwe ili, lomwe linakhazikitsidwa mu 1841, linakonzekera anyamata kuti azitumikira ku Royal Navy mpaka 1997 (kale, mu 1962,
kuchokera ku Earlywood School, yomwe idaphatikizapo kusamukira ku Ascot ku Berkshires kumwera kwa England). Sukulu ya Stubbington yapereka "ofunsira" chidziwitso, maluso ndi luso lachitukuko lofunikira kuti apambane mayeso ndikupitiliza maphunziro awo ku Dartmouth Nautical School.
Pa nthawi imeneyo, maphunziro a kapitawo ofuna kunachitika pa hulk okhala ndi chikhalidwe dzina HMS Britannia (kale Kalonga wa Wales, 121-mfuti sitima sitima, wat. 1860, anagwetsedwa mu 1916) - Cunningham anapambana mayeso popanda mavuto, kusonyeza. masamu odziwa bwino kwambiri.
Woyang'anira mtsogolo adapita ku Dartmouth mu 1897. Buku lake la chaka (lomwe linaphatikizapo pambuyo pake Admiral of the Fleet James Fous Somerville - panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse adalamula, mwa zina, kuukira kwa Mers el Kebir) anali ndi anthu 64 omwe anatumizidwa ku Hindustan halq (yomwe kale inali sitima yamfuti 80). mzere , madzi. 1841). Inali sukulu yovuta ya moyo, ngakhale ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti pa 6 aliyense "achinyamata" panali wantchito mmodzi. Anzake pambuyo pake adakumbukira wolamulirayo chifukwa chosafuna kuchita masewera a timu, ngakhale kuti amakonda gofu, ndipo amathera nthawi yake yambiri yopuma akuyenda pa imodzi mwa mabwato akusukulu. Pambuyo pa chaka choyamba cha maphunziro, adalandira zidziwitso zapamwamba kwambiri mu masamu ndi chidziwitso cha sitima (sukuluyo inali ndi gawo la Racers School, lomwe linkachita maphunziro a m'nyanja), lomwe, ngakhale kuti anachita zolakwa zingapo zazing'ono, zinamupezera malo khumi. .
