AC-130J Ghost Rider
US Air Force pakadali pano ili ndi ndege 13 za AC-130J Block 20/20+, zomwe zizigwira ntchito chaka chamawa kwa nthawi yoyamba.
Pakati pa Marichi chaka chino adabweretsa chidziwitso chatsopano chokhudza chitukuko cha ndege ya AC-130J Ghostrider yothandizira moto yopangidwa ndi Lockheed Martin, yomwe imapanga m'badwo watsopano wamagalimoto agululi omwe amagwira ntchito ndi ndege zaku America. Mabaibulo ake oyambirira sanali otchuka ndi ogwiritsa ntchito. Pachifukwa ichi, ntchito inayambika pa mtundu wa Block 30, kopi yoyamba yomwe inatumizidwa mu March ku 4th Special Operations Squadron yomwe ili ku Hurlbert Field ku Florida.
Zombo zoyamba zankhondo zochokera ku Lockheed C-130 Hercules zonyamula ndege zidamangidwa mu 1967, pomwe asitikali aku US adachita nawo nkhondo ku Vietnam. Panthawiyo, 18 C-130As inamangidwanso kuti ikhale yoyandikana nayo ndege yothandizira moto, inakonzanso AC-130A, ndipo inatha ntchito yawo mu 1991. 1970E. Kuwonjezeka kwa malipiro kunagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza zida zankhondo zolemera kwambiri, kuphatikizapo M130 105mm howitzer. Pazonse, ndege za 102 zidamangidwanso kukhala mtundu wa AC-130E, ndipo mu theka lachiwiri la 11s adasinthidwa kukhala mtundu wa AC-70N. Kusiyanitsa kunali chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito injini zamphamvu kwambiri za T130-A-56 ndi mphamvu ya 15 kW / 3315 hp. M'zaka zotsatira, mphamvu za makinawo zinawonjezekanso, nthawi ino chifukwa cha kuthekera kwa mafuta oyendetsa ndege mu ndege pogwiritsa ntchito cholumikizira cholimba, komanso zida zamagetsi zidakwezedwanso. M'kupita kwa nthawi, makompyuta atsopano oyendetsa moto, kuyang'ana kwamagetsi ndi kuyang'ana mutu, makina oyendetsa satana, njira zatsopano zolankhulirana, nkhondo zamagetsi ndi kudziteteza zidawonekera pazombo zankhondo. AC-4508H inatenga nawo mbali pankhondo m'madera osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi. Anabatizidwa ku Vietnam, ndipo pambuyo pake njira yawo yomenyera nkhondo inaphatikizapo, mwa zina, nkhondo za ku Persian Gulf ndi Iraq, nkhondo ya ku Balkan, nkhondo ya ku Liberia ndi Somalia, ndipo pomalizira pake nkhondo ya ku Afghanistan. Pautumikiwu, magalimoto atatu adatayika, ndipo kuchotsedwa kwa otsala kunkhondo kudayamba mu 130.
Yoyamba ya AC-130J Block 30 pambuyo pa kusamutsidwa kwa US Air Force, galimotoyo ikudikirira pafupifupi chaka chimodzi cha mayesero ogwirira ntchito, omwe ayenera kusonyeza kusintha kwa mphamvu ndi kudalirika poyerekeza ndi matembenuzidwe akale.
Njira yopita ku AC-130J
Mu theka lachiwiri la zaka za m'ma 80, Achimereka anayamba kusintha zombo zakale zankhondo ndi zatsopano. Choyamba AC-130A idachotsedwa, kenako AC-130U. Awa ndi magalimoto omangidwanso kuchokera ku magalimoto oyendera a S-130N, ndipo kutumizidwa kwawo kudayamba mu 1990. Poyerekeza ndi AC-130N, zida zawo zamagetsi zasinthidwa. Malo awiri owonera adawonjezedwa ndipo zida za ceramic zidayikidwa m'malo ofunikira kwambiri. Monga gawo la kuthekera kodzitchinjiriza, ndege iliyonse idalandira kuchuluka kwa oyambitsa chandamale a AN / ALE-47 (okhala ndi ma dipoles 300 kuti asokoneze masiteshoni a radar ndi ma flares 180 kuletsa mitu ya missile infrared homing), yomwe idalumikizana ndi njira ya AN. infrared jamming system / AAQ-24 DIRCM (Directional Infrared Countermeasure) ndi zida zochenjeza za mizinga yolimbana ndi ndege AN / AAR-44 (kenako AN / AAR-47). Kuphatikiza apo, zida zankhondo zamagetsi za AN / ALQ-172 ndi AN / ALQ-196 zidakhazikitsidwa kuti zisokoneze komanso mutu wowunika wa AN / AAQ-117. Zida zodziwika bwino zidaphatikizapo 25mm General Dynamics GAU-12/U Equalizer propulsion cannon (kulowa m'malo mwa 20mm M61 Vulcan awiri ochotsedwa pa AC-130H), 40mm Bofors L/60 cannon, ndi 105mm M102 cannon. bwanji. Kuwongolera moto kunaperekedwa ndi mutu wa AN / AAQ-117 optoelectronic ndi AN / APQ-180 radar station. Ndegeyo inalowa mu theka loyamba la zaka za m'ma 90, ntchito yawo yankhondo inayamba mothandizidwa ndi magulu a mayiko a Balkan, ndipo adachita nawo nkhondo ku Iraq ndi Afghanistan.
Kumenyana ku Afghanistan ndi Iraq kale m'zaka za zana la 130 kudapangitsa kuti pakhale mtundu wina wa mzere wa Hercules. Kufunika kumeneku kunayambika, kumbali ina, ndi kupita patsogolo kwa luso, ndipo kumbali ina, ndi kuvala kofulumira kwa zosintha zakale pa nthawi ya nkhondo, komanso ndi zosowa za ntchito. Zotsatira zake, USMC ndi USAF adagula ma modular fire support phukusi la KC-130J Hercules (pulogalamu ya Harvest Hawk) ndi MC-130W Dragon Spear (pulogalamu ya Precision Strike Package) - yomalizayo pambuyo pake idatcha AC-30W Stinger II. Onsewa adapangitsa kuti azitha kukonzekeretsanso magalimoto oyendetsa magalimoto omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira magulu ankhondo apansi ndi mizinga yowongoleredwa yamlengalenga ndi pansi ndi mizinga 23 mm GAU-44 / A (mtundu wa mpweya wa Mk105 Bushmaster II propulsion unit) ndi 102 mm M130 howitzers (ya AC- 130W). Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zochitika zogwirira ntchito zinakhala zobala zipatso kwambiri moti zinakhala maziko a zomangamanga ndi chitukuko cha ngwazi za nkhaniyi, i.e. mitundu yotsatira ya AC-XNUMXJ Ghostrider.
Nadlatuje AC-130J Ghost Rider
Pulogalamu ya AC-130J Ghostrider ndi zotsatira za zosowa zogwirira ntchito komanso kusintha kwa ndege za US. Makina atsopano ankafunika kuti alowe m'malo mwa ndege zowonongeka za AC-130N ndi AC-130U, komanso kusunga mphamvu za KS-130J ndi AC-130W. Kuyambira pachiyambi, kuchepetsa mtengo (komanso kukwera kwambiri, pafupifupi $ 120 miliyoni pachitsanzo chilichonse, malinga ndi deta ya 2013) adaganiziridwa chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa MC-130J Commando II ngati makina oyambira. Zotsatira zake, ndegeyo inali ndi fakitale yolimbitsa ma airframe ndipo nthawi yomweyo idalandira zida zina zowonjezera (kuphatikiza ma optical-electronic observation and guidelines). Chitsanzocho chinaperekedwa ndi wopanga ndikumangidwanso ku Eglin Air Force Base ku Florida. Magalimoto ena akusinthidwa pamalo a Lockheed Martin's Crestview ali momwemo. Zinatenga chaka kuti atsirize chitsanzo cha AC-130J, ndipo pankhani yoyika ma serial, nthawiyi ikuyenera kukhala miyezi isanu ndi inayi.
