ABS - imagwira ntchito pamtunda uliwonse?
Dongosololi, lomwe limadziwika kuti ABS (Anti-Lock Braking System), lomwe ndi gawo la ma braking system, lakhazikitsidwa m'galimoto yatsopano iliyonse kwa zaka zambiri. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuletsa mawilo kutsekeka panthawi ya braking. Ngakhale kutchuka kwa ABS, ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito mokwanira. Sikuti aliyense amadziwanso kuti ntchito yake pamalo owuma ndi onyowa ndi yosiyana ndi ntchito ya mchenga kapena chipale chofewa.
Kodi ntchito?
Kwa nthawi yoyamba ma anti-lock braking system adayikidwa ngati muyezo pa Ford Scorpio ya 1985. ABS imakhala ndi machitidwe awiri: zamagetsi ndi hydraulic. Zomwe zimafunikira pamakinawa ndi masensa othamanga (mosiyana pa gudumu lililonse), chowongolera cha ABS, ma modulator opondereza ndi chopondaponda chokhala ndi chilimbikitso ndi pampu yopumira. Pofuna kupewa kuti mawilo agalimoto asamadutse pakadutsa mabuleki, masensa omwe tawatchulawa amayang'anitsitsa kuthamanga kwa mawilo. Ngati mmodzi wa iwo ayamba kuzungulira pang'onopang'ono kuposa ena kapena kusiya kusinthasintha palimodzi (chifukwa cha kutsekeka), valavu mu njira yapampu ya ABS imatsegula. Chifukwa chake, mphamvu ya brake fluid imachepetsedwa ndipo mabuleki omwe amatsekereza gudumu amamasulidwa. Patapita kanthawi, kuthamanga kwamadzimadzi kumawonjezekanso, kuchititsa kuti brakeyo igwirenso ntchito.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito (molondola)?
Kuti mupindule kwambiri ndi ABS, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito brake pedal mosamala. Choyamba, tiyenera kuiwala za otchedwa zisonkhezero braking, amene amalola bwino ndi bwinobwino ananyema galimoto popanda dongosolo. Mgalimoto yokhala ndi ABS, muyenera kuzolowera kukanikiza chopondaponda njira yonse osachotsa phazi lanu. Kugwira ntchito kwa dongosololi kudzatsimikiziridwa ndi phokoso lofanana ndi nyundo yomwe ikugunda gudumu, ndipo tidzamvanso kugunda pansi pa brake pedal. Nthawi zina imakhala yamphamvu kwambiri mpaka imayika kukana mwamphamvu. Ngakhale izi, simuyenera kumasula chopondapo cha brake, chifukwa galimoto siyiyima.
Mlandu wokhala ndi makina a ABS omwe amaikidwa m'magalimoto atsopano amawoneka mosiyana. Pamapeto pake, imalimbikitsidwanso ndi dongosolo lomwe, kutengera mphamvu yomwe dalaivala amakankhira brake, amalembetsa kufunikira kwa braking mwadzidzidzi ndi "kukankhira" chopondapo pa izi. Kuonjezera apo, mphamvu ya braking ya mabuleki pa ma axle onsewa imasinthasintha mosalekeza kuti apititse patsogolo kugwira ntchito kwadongosolo komanso kugwira matayala.
Zosiyana m'mayiko osiyanasiyana
Chenjerani! Kugwiritsa ntchito mosamala kwa ABS kumafunikanso kudziwa momwe imakhalira pazinthu zosiyanasiyana. Imagwira bwino pa malo owuma ndi onyowa, ndikufupikitsa mtunda wa braking. Komabe, pamtunda wamchenga kapena chipale chofewa, zinthu zimayipa kwambiri. Pankhani yomaliza, tisaiwale kuti ABS akhoza kuonjezera mtunda braking. Chifukwa chiyani? Yankho ndi losavuta - misewu yotayirira imasokoneza "kusiya" ndikubwezeretsanso mawilo otsekereza. Komabe, ngakhale zovuta izi, dongosolo amalola kukhalabe controllability galimoto ndi, ndi koyenera (kuwerenga - bata) kayendedwe ka chiwongolero, kusintha mayendedwe pamene braking.
