Zinthu 5 zomwe muyenera kuzidziwa musanagule galimoto yamagetsi.

Zamkatimu

1. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagalimoto amagetsi (EV - Electric Vechicle)
2. Mitundu yamagalimoto amagetsi.
- - Kumbukirani kuti kuchuluka kwa magalimoto amagetsi kumayendetsedwa ndi:
- Kodi ndingapeze mtunda wochuluka bwanji poyendetsa galimoto yamagetsi nthawi zonse?
  - Mileage yamagalimoto amagetsi
3. Malo opangira ndalama.
- - Ngati ndiyendetsa galimoto yanga pansi pa charger ya 100 kWh, kodi batire yanga ya 50 kWh idzachokera pa 0 mpaka 100% mu mphindi 30?

Kodi mukuganiza zogula galimoto yamagetsi? Kodi mukusokonezeka kuti hybrid ndi chiyani, plug-in hybrid ndi chiyani, ndipo imasiyana bwanji ndi galimoto yamagetsi? Kapena mwina mukuwopa mtunda wotsika kwambiri woperekedwa ndi magalimoto amagetsi? Izi ziyenera kukufotokozerani zinthu zambiri padziko lapansi la electromobility.

1. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagalimoto amagetsi (EV - Electric Vechicle)

Hybrid = Injini yoyaka mkati + Yamagetsi yamagetsi.

Magalimoto a Hybrid amagwiritsa ntchito injini zonse ziwirizi mosinthana, ndipo zili kwa galimotoyo kusankha nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito mota yamagetsi, nthawi yoti igwiritse ntchito injini yoyaka mkati, komanso nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito injini yamagetsi kuti ithandizire injini yoyaka mkati - makamaka m'magalimoto akumizinda. M'magalimoto ena, n'zotheka kuti muzitha kuyendetsa galimoto yamagetsi, komabe, maulendo omwe angapezeke ndi ang'onoang'ono pa 2-4 km, ndipo pamagetsi amagetsi pali malire othamanga, kawirikawiri 40-50 km / . ola Mabatire a magalimotowa amalipidwa panthawi ya braking pamene magetsi abwezeretsedwa, koma mabatire sangathe kuyimbidwa mwanjira ina iliyonse. Ubwino wa magalimoto osakanizidwa amawonetsedwa mumzinda, komwe mafuta amawononga kwambiri kuposa magalimoto oyaka mkati.

Pulagi-mu wosakanizidwa = Injini yoyaka + mota yamagetsi + batire.

Magalimoto a PHEV kapena Plug-in Hybrids (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vechicle). Nthawi zonse ndi galimoto yomwe ili ndi injini yoyaka mkati (petulo kapena dizilo) ndi yamagetsi, koma pali njira zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito za injinizi. Pali magalimoto a PHEV momwe mota yamagetsi imayendetsa ekseli yakumbuyo ndipo injini yoyaka mkati imayendetsa ekseli yakutsogolo. Ma injiniwa amatha kugwira ntchito mosiyana, mwachitsanzo, injini yoyaka mkati yokha kapena injini yamagetsi yokha, koma imatha kugwira ntchito limodzi, ndipo injini yamagetsi imathandizira injini yoyaka mkati. Chitsanzo cha galimoto ndi plug-in ya Volvo V60.

Kupitiliza kwa lingaliro ili ndi galimoto yokhala ndi injini ziwiri, koma injini yoyaka mkati mukuyendetsa imatha kuwonjezeranso mabatire mukuyendetsa. Mtundu wosakanizidwa uwu unaperekedwa ndi Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV.

Lingaliro lina la hybrid ndikuyika injini yoyaka mkati ndi injini yamagetsi, koma ndi injini yamagetsi yomwe imasamutsa mphamvu kumawilo, ndipo injini yoyaka moto imagwira ntchito ngati jenereta. Choncho, mphamvu yosungidwa m'mabatire ikatha, injini yoyaka moto imayamba, koma simapanga mphamvu kumagudumu. Izi zitha kukhala njira yopangira magetsi kuti azipatsa mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi ndi zina mabatire. Tikumbukenso kuti ntchito ndalama kwambiri injini kuyaka mkati. Chitsanzo cha galimoto yotere ndi Opel Ampera.

Zachidziwikire, mu ma hybrids a plug-in, titha kulipiritsa mabatire kuchokera kumagetsi akunja a charger. Magalimoto ena ophatikizika amalola ma charger a DC mwachangu!

Mitundu yamagetsi imasiyana malinga ndi magalimoto komanso kalembedwe kawo. Nthawi zambiri amachokera ku 30 mpaka 80 km pogwiritsa ntchito mota yamagetsi.

Galimoto yamagetsi = Electric motor + batire

Magalimoto amagetsi kapena magalimoto amagetsi (kapena BEV - Battery Electric Vechicle) ndi magalimoto omwe alibe magalimoto amagetsi. Kusiyanasiyana kwawo kumadalira kuchuluka kwa mabatire, omwe amafotokozedwa mu kWh (maola-kilowatt), nthawi zambiri mu Ah (maola ampere), ngakhale mawonekedwe onsewa ndi olondola, akale ndi osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Komabe, magalimotowa amapereka njira yoyendetsa yosiyana kwambiri poyerekeza ndi magalimoto oyatsa. Ndikupangira kuti muyese nokha ndikugwiritsa ntchito kugawana magalimoto poyamba.

2. Mitundu yamagalimoto amagetsi.

Ichi ndi chinthu chosankha, komanso mantha aakulu ngati mukukumana ndi kugula galimoto yamagetsi. Zonse zimatengera kuchuluka ndi momwe mukukonzekera kukwera patsiku. Malinga ndi Joint Research Center , oposa 80% a madalaivala ku European Union amayendetsa mtunda wochepera 65 km masana. Osasiya galimoto yamagetsi nthawi yomweyo mukuyang'ana ulendo wochoka ku Zakopane kupita ku Gdansk kapena kupita kutchuthi ku Croatia. Komabe, ngati mumayenda maulendo ataliatali masana, kapena nthawi zambiri mumayenera kupita kutali, ganizirani za plug-in hybrid.

Kumbukirani kuti kuchuluka kwa magalimoto amagetsi kumayendetsedwa ndi:

Kuchuluka kwa batri kumadalira galimoto komanso nthawi zina pa mtundu wa chitsanzo.
Nyengo - Kutsika kwambiri kapena kutentha kwambiri kumatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwagalimoto yamagetsi. Kungotenthetsa ndi kuziziritsa galimoto kumawononga magetsi ambiri. Osadandaula, mabatire anu satenthedwa. Magalimoto amagetsi akuzizidwa.
Mayendedwe - Momwe mumayendetsa zimakhudza momwe mumayendera. Ndikwabwino kuyendetsa popanda kuthamanga mwadzidzidzi kapena kutsika. Kumbukirani kuti galimoto yamagetsi imabweza mphamvu panthawi ya braking, chifukwa chake kungotulutsa accelerator pedal kumayambitsa mabuleki ambiri.

Kodi ndingapeze mtunda wochuluka bwanji poyendetsa galimoto yamagetsi nthawi zonse?

Pansipa ndikudziwitsani zamagalimoto angapo otchuka amagetsi ndi ma mileage awo. Masiku omwe galimoto yamagetsi inkayenda mtunda wa makilomita 100 okha ndipo imayenera kuyang'ana malo opangira magetsi apita kale.

Mileage yamagalimoto amagetsi

Tesla Model S85d - 440 km - koma chabwino, uyu ndi Tesla, ndipo Tesla amadziwika kuti ndi mtsogoleri wa dziko la magalimoto amagetsi, kotero tiyeni tigwire pansi pang'ono.
Kia Niro EV 64 kWh - 445 Km
Kia Niro EV 39,2 kWh - 289 Km
Peugeot e-208 50 kWh - pafupifupi. 300 Km
Nissan Leaf 40 kWh - mpaka 270 Km
Nissan Lead e + 62 kWh - mpaka 385 Km
BMW i3 - 260 Km.
Smart EQ Kwa Zinayi - 153 km.

Monga mukuonera, zonse zimatengera mphamvu ya batri komanso kalembedwe kanu. Mwachitsanzo, Peugeot e-208 ili ndi choyimira chosangalatsa cha mileage patsamba lake lokonzekera. Mukamayendetsa pang'onopang'ono mpaka 70 km / h pa 20 ^o C galimoto amatha kuyendetsa 354 Km, ndi kuyenda zazikulu, lakuthwa mathamangitsidwe kwa 130 Km / h ndi lakuthwa braking pa kutentha -10. ^o C mtunda wa galimoto adzakhala 122 Km.

Momwe mungawerengere mwachangu pafupifupi mtunda womwe ungachitike ndi galimoto yamagetsi? Monga magalimoto okhala ndi injini yoyaka mkati, pafupifupi mafuta amafuta amatengedwa kuti ndi 8 l/100 km, pomwe pamagalimoto amagetsi, kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi pafupifupi 20 kWh / 100 km. Choncho, mtunda kuti mosavuta ndi, mwachitsanzo, "Kia Niro" ndi batire 64 kWh - 64 * 0,2 = 320 Km. Ndi za kukwera mwakachetechete popanda eco-driving. YouTuber wa ku Poland adayesa mtunda wautali ndikuyendetsa Kia Niro kuchokera ku Warsaw kupita ku Zakopane, ndiko kuti, 418,5 km pamtengo umodzi, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pafupifupi 14,3 kWh / 100 km.

3. Malo opangira ndalama.

Zachidziwikire, mwina mukudabwa kuti mungalipirire bwanji galimoto yotere komanso momwe mungalumikizire palimodzi.

Pumulani, izi zanenedwa kale. Onani zolemba zam'mbuyo:

Mwachidule? - pali ma charger ambiri.

Ena amalipidwa, ena ndi aulere. Mitundu ya zolumikizira? Palibe vuto. Kuchajitsa kwa AC kumagwiritsa ntchito Mtundu Wachiwiri kapena wocheperako wa Type 2. Malo ambiri ochapira amakhala ndi soketi ya Type 1 kapena chingwe cha Type 2, kotero ngati mutagula galimoto yokhala ndi soketi ya Type 2, muyenera kupeza adapter ya Type 1 - Type 1. pakulipiritsa kwa DC, ku Europe tipeza zolumikizira za CSS COMBO 2 kapena CHAdeMO. Malo ambiri ochapira mwachangu ali ndi ziwiri mwazolumikizira izi. Osadandaula.