Madamu 10 akulu kwambiri padziko lapansi

Madamu akhala, ali ndipo akhala gawo lofunikira komanso lofunikira m'miyoyo yathu. Madamu amamangidwa kuti asunge madzi, aziwongolera kuyenda kwa mitsinje, komanso kupanga magetsi. Madamu ali ndi mbiri yakale kumbuyo kwawo. Izi zimabwerera ku 4000 BC.

Akuti linamangidwa koyamba ku Igupto m’mphepete mwa mtsinje wa Nile. Madamu ndi ochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndipo amakopa chidwi ndi kukula kwawo kwakukulu komanso momwe amagwirira ntchito. Damu la Kallanai limatengedwa kuti ndilo dziwe lakale kwambiri lomwe likugwira ntchito ku Tamil Nadu, India. Munkhaniyi, tikambirana za madamu akulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi mu 2022.

10. Damina Hirakud, India

Ili ndiye damu lalitali kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Akuti ili pamtunda wa makilomita oposa 27. Damu la Hirakud linamalizidwa mu 1957. Inali ntchito yoyamba yachigwa yamitundu yambiri yomwe inamangidwa kudutsa Mtsinje wa Mahanadi, Odisha, ndi boma la India kuyambira ufulu. Ndilo damu lakale kwambiri lomwe linamangidwa ku India. Odisha ndi malonda ake okopa alendo ndi osakwanira popanda kuyendera Damu la Hirakud. Damuli lili ndi ma minareti awiri: Gandhi Minar ndi Nehru Minar. Malo otchedwa minaret awa amapereka chithunzi chokongola kwa owonerera ndi alendo.

Pofuna kulimbikitsa zokopa alendo komanso kutchuka kwa Damu la Hirakud, boma la Odisha lagulitsa kwathunthu malo a damulo. Damuli litha kuyendera chaka chonse. Nyengo iliyonse imawonjezera kukhudza kosiyana ndi mawonekedwe ake kukongola kwake. M’nyengo yamvula, madzi otuluka pa damu amafika pachimake. Nthawi zina damulo limatsekedwa nthawi ya mvula pofuna kupewa ngozi ndi ngozi. M’nyengo yozizira, mbalame zambiri zosamukasamuka zimabwera kuno. M’chilimwe, mukhoza kuona mabwinja a akachisi akale amene amaphatikizana ndi madzi m’nyengo yamvula.

Akachisi opitilira 200 akuti amira mumtsinjewu chifukwa chomanga Damu la Hirakuda. Kwenikweni, akachisi onse amasefukira, koma m'nyengo yachilimwe mumatha kuwona ochepa chabe. Kachisi wa mbiri yakale kwambiri wotchedwa Padmaseni wafukulidwa posachedwa, kubweretsa Archaeological Survey of India powonekera. Damuli lilinso ndi "Isle of Cattle" komwe kumakhala ng'ombe zakuthengo komanso zosaweta. Ngakhale kujambula ndikoletsedwa m'derali, kukumbukira kudzakhalabe m'mitima yanu kwamuyaya.

9. DAMINA OROVILLE, USA

Inamangidwa kudutsa mtsinje wa Pero ku California mu 1968. Nearby Lake Oroville ndi malo okopa alendo. Damu la Oroville ndiye damu lalitali kwambiri ku United States. Ili ndi mathithi okongola kwambiri otchedwa Father Fall ndi Bald Rock. Damuli limapereka mawonekedwe owoneka bwino komanso zochitika zambiri monga kupalasa njinga, kumisasa, kusodza, ndi zina zambiri. Ndi malo abwino ochitirako pikiniki yabanja.

8. DAMINA MANGLA, PAKISTAN

Ili m'chigawo chotsutsana cha chigwa cha Kashmir, chomwe chimatchedwanso Azad Kashmir. Idamangidwa kudutsa Mtsinje wa Jhelum mu 1967. Damuli ndi lotseguka kwa alendo odzaona malo moyang'aniridwa ndi chitetezo. Chifukwa cha nkhani yotsutsana, idatsekedwa kwa anthu wamba. Kalabu yamasewera am'madzi yotchedwa "Mangla" imapatsa alendo zosangalatsa zosiyanasiyana. Damu la Mangla likutha kupanga magetsi okwana megawati 1000. Ntchito yomanga ikuchitika pakali pano kuti madziwo achuluke ndi mamita 30. Izi zidzakulitsa mphamvu yopangira magetsi ku damu ndi megawati 1120.

7. JINPING-I DAM, CHINA

Damu la Jinping Yi limadziwika kuti ndi damu lalitali kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Damuli limatsutsana chifukwa Rogun amawonedwa ndi ambiri kuti ndiye damu lalitali kwambiri ku Tajikistan. Kenako linawonongedwa ndi chigumula. Damuli likumangidwabe. Chifukwa chake, Jingpin-I ndiye damu lalitali kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Ndilo gwero lalikulu la magetsi ndi mafakitale a dziko.

6. DAMINA GARDINER, CANADA

Damu limeneli ndi limodzi mwa madamu aakulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Inamangidwa mu 1967. DAM idatchedwa dzina la Nduna ya nduna James G. Gardiner. Damulo linapanga malo osungiramo madzi otchedwa Diefenbaker Lake. DAM ndi yotchuka kwambiri ndi alendo odzaona malo komanso alendo ochokera kunja. Madamu amakhala otsegula sabata yonse. Ili ndi malo odyera ambiri, mashopu ndi malo owonetsera makanema owonetsa makanema odziwitsa okhudzana ndi zomangamanga ndi zina za damulo. Paki yomwe ili pafupi ndi madamuwa imaperekanso zochitika monga kumanga msasa, kukwera mapiri ndi kupalasa njinga, ndi zina.

5. LADIES UAE, USA

Ndilo damu lalikulu kwambiri lomwe linamangidwa pamtsinje wa Missouri. Awa ndi amodzi mwa madamu akulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Damuli limapanga malo osungiramo madzi achinayi: Nyanja ya Oahe, yomwe imatalika makilomita 327 kupita ku US. Inamangidwa mu 1968. Mphamvu yake yoyika ndi 786 MW. Madamuwa amakopa alendo ambiri chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwawo kwachilengedwe. Nyanja ya Oahe ili ndi mitundu yambiri ya nsomba, mbalame zimene zimakonda kusamukasamuka, ndiponso nyama za m’madzi zimene zatsala pang’ono kutha. Malowa ndi paradaiso wa akatswiri a mbalame, chifukwa mbalame zambiri zosamukasamuka zimawulukira ku damu limeneli.

4. HUTRIBDIJK DAM, THE NETHERLANDS

Damuli poyamba ankalipanga ngati damu, koma kwenikweni ndi damu. Ntchito yomanga inayamba mu 1963 ndipo inatha mu 1975. Kutalika konse kwa damu ndi 30 km. Damulo limalekanitsa Markermeer ndi IJsselmeer. Damuli limadziwika kuti Hutribdijk.

3. ATATÜRK DAM, TURKEY

Limodzi mwa madamu akuluakulu padziko lonse lapansi, lilinso limodzi mwamadamu aatali kwambiri. Kutalika kwake ndi 169 metres. Poyamba linkadziwika kuti Damu la Karababa. Inatsegulidwa mu 1990. Damuli limapanga maola 8,900 a gigawatt pachaka. Inamangidwa kutsidya lina la mtsinje wa Firate. Posungira "Lake Ataturk" imafalikira kudera la 817 km2 ndi madzi okwanira 48.7 km. Mwezi kuyambira Seputembala mpaka Okutobala ndi nthawi yabwino yoyendera dziwe ndikuchita nawo chikondwerero chamasewera am'madzi komanso mpikisano wapamadzi padziko lonse lapansi.

2. FORT PACK DAM, USA

Damu limeneli ndi lalitali kwambiri pa madamu 76 omwe anamangidwa kutsidya lina la mtsinje wa Missouri. Ili pafupi ndi Glasgow. Kutalika kwake konse ndi 202 metres. Damuli lafalikira kudera la mahekitala 1940. Inatsegulidwa mu 200. Amapanga Nyanja ya Fort Peck, yomwe ndi imodzi mwa nyanja zisanu zazikulu zopangidwa ndi anthu ku US ndipo ndi pafupifupi mamita 61 kuya kwake.

1. DAMINA TARBELA, PAKISTAN

Damuli lili ku Cyber ​​​​Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Limaonedwa kuti ndilo dziwe lalikulu kwambiri lotsekera. Ichi ndi chachisanu padziko lonse lapansi potengera kuchuluka kwake. Damuli limapanga nkhokwe yokhala ndi malo opitilira ma kilomita 250. Inatsegulidwa mu 1976. Imamangidwa m'mphepete mwa mtsinje waukulu kwambiri ku Pakistan, mtsinje wa Indus. Damuli linapangidwa ndi kumangidwa kuti liziteteza kusefukira kwa madzi, kupanga mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi, komanso kusunga madzi amthirira. Kutha kwa damulo kunali 3,478 85 MW. Moyo wothandiza wa Damu la Tarbela ukuyembekezeka zaka 2060 ndipo utha chaka chino.

M’nkhani yomwe ili pamwambayi, takambirana za madamu aakulu kwambiri padziko lonse. Madamuwa ali ndi nkhani zosangalatsa zoti anene. Madamu omwe ali pamwambawa ndi abwino kwambiri malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu, malo, mphamvu zamagetsi, ndi zina zotero. Nkhani yomwe ili pamwambayi ikuphatikizapo madamu onse akuluakulu pazinthu zosiyanasiyana monga kutalika kwake, kuchuluka kwake, kupanga mphamvu, mapangidwe, ndi zina zotero. Izi zikuphatikizapo akale kwambiri, apamwamba kwambiri, madamu akuya komanso akulu kwambiri padziko lapansi.