Zaka 10 za C-130E Hercules ndege mu gulu lankhondo la Poland, gawo 2
33. Malo oyendetsa ndege ku Powidzie, chifukwa cha zomangamanga, amatha kulandira mitundu yonse ya ndege zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi.
Ngakhale kuwuluka kupita ku United States nthawi zonse kumakhala mwayi wabwino wodziwa zambiri, ndi ntchito yokwera mtengo kwambiri ndipo imalumikizidwa bwino ndi kutuluka kwa F-16 komwe ma C-130s amathandizira gawo lonse ndikuyimira zolemetsa zazing'ono zandalama, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala mafuta. kumwa pa nthawi ya ntchito.
Komabe, vuto la ndalama zankhondo silikukhudza Poland yokha, ndipo chifukwa cha ndalama zochepa, mayiko a ku Ulaya adaganiza zokonzekera zochitika zawo zoyendetsa ndege, zomwe Poland nawonso amatenga nawo mbali. Kuchokera kumalingaliro athu, masewera olimbitsa thupi ku Ulaya, kuwonjezera pa mtengo wotsika, ali ndi ubwino wina. Poyerekeza ndi maphunziro, Achimereka amatsindika kwambiri zolemba zonse zokhudzana ndi ntchito inayake. Tikukamba za kukonzekera ntchito, kuyambira ndi kufika kwa ATO (Air Tasking Order), kumene ndondomeko yonse imayambira, chitukuko cha mbiri ya ntchito pamodzi ndi ndege zina (makamaka ndi AWACS radar surveillance aircraft), mwachindunji. kukonzekera izi ndipo pokhapokha kukhazikitsa komweko. Masitepe onsewa ayenera kumalizidwa posachedwa, koma ndi mulingo woyenera ndi njira zowonetsetsa kuti aphedwa motetezeka.
Pankhani ya ogwira ntchito atsopano omwe akungodziwa bwino zouluka m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, momwe kukonzekera zolemba kungapangidwe pang'onopang'ono kumapindulitsa ndipo kumapangitsa kuti ntchito zenizeni zitheke bwino m'tsogolomu. Maphunziro operekedwa ku USA, ngakhale ali apamwamba kwambiri, samaphimba chirichonse, ndipo makamaka mgwirizano womwe watchulidwa kale ndi makina ena akuwoneka kuti ndi ofunika ponena za antchito atsopano. Kukhazikika kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi kuchuluka kwawo kumapangitsa kuti zitheke kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi okhudzana ndi ndege zanzeru, zomwe m'dera lathu, ngakhale chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mapiri amtundu wolondola komanso kuchuluka kwa ndege, sizingachitike.
Polish C-130E Hercules panthawi yophunzitsa anthu ogwira ntchito zandege zaku Poland pazochitika zapadziko lonse pa eyapoti ya Zaragoza.
European Red Flag - EATC
European Air Transport Command (EATC) idayamba kugwira ntchito pa 1 September 2010 ku Eindhoven. Netherlands, Belgium, France ndi Germany anathetsa mbali zazikulu za ndege zawo ndi akasinja, kenako Luxembourg mu November 2012, Spain mu July 2014 ndi Italy mu December chaka chomwecho. Zotsatira zake, mitundu yopitilira 200 ya ndege tsopano yakonzedwa, yokonzedwa ndikuyendetsedwa ndi gulu limodzi. Izi zimatipatsa mwayi woyendetsa bwino zoyendera zochepa za mayiko onse ndipo motero kupulumutsa ndalama zambiri za okhometsa msonkho.
Mbali ina yofunika yokhudzana ndi ntchito ya lamuloli ndikutenga gawo la ntchito zophunzitsira kuchokera kumayiko amodzi. Mkati mwa dongosolo la maphunziro okhazikitsidwa, machitidwe ophatikizika, ma cyclical, anzeru oyendetsa ndege amachitidwa. Pokhudzana ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa malo ophunzitsira ku Zaragoza, ndondomeko ya masewerawa yasintha, yomwe mpaka pano inali yochokera ku mapulogalamu ndipo inalibe mndandanda wokhazikika wa omwe atenga nawo mbali. Pansi pa chilinganizo chatsopano, mayiko omwe ali mamembala okhazikika adzatenga nawo gawo pamaphunziro ozungulira, otsogola, koma zitha kukhalanso zotheka kutenga nawo gawo mu fomula ya alendo, i.e. monga momwe Poland imachitira nawo pulogalamu yonse.
M'maphunziro achitatu a European Advanced Air Transport Tactics Training Course 2017 (EAATTC 2017-17), omwe adakonzedwa mchaka cha 3 ku Zaragoza, gawo la ku Poland linaphatikizapo ndege ya C-130E kuchokera kumalo oyendetsa ndege a 33 ku Powidzie, komanso antchito awiri ndi chithandizo. zida. ndodo. Chofunikira kwambiri pakuchita masewerawa chinali chakuti chinkangoyang'ana paulendo wa pandege wanzeru, pansi pazovuta zanthawi yayitali, zomwe zimatengera momwe kumenyera nkhondo kungathere. Nthaŵi yokonzekera njira ya oyendetsa ndege ndi oyendetsa sitimayo inali yochepa, kuchuluka kwa mawerengedwe ofunikira kuti amalize kuwerengera kunali kwakukulu, ndipo kusinthidwa kwa ndondomeko panthawi ya ntchitoyo kunapereka zovuta zina.
Ogwira ntchitoyo amayenera kupita kumalo enieni panthawi yodziwika bwino, kumalo osankhidwa m'njira yakuti alibe khalidwe, zomwe zimasokoneza kulondola kwa zochitika zomwe zimafunikira pa ntchito zamaluso. Kulekerera kwa masekondi owonjezera kapena kuchotsera 30 kunali kofunika kuti mumalize kuthawa. Kuonjezera apo, atakonzedwa, ntchitoyo sinafunikire kutha. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala kusintha kwa zinthu za ntchitoyo, ndipo ogwira nawo ntchito nthawi zonse amalumikizana mofananiza ndi ndege ya AWACS, yomwe ogwira nawo ntchito ankalamulira mlengalenga. Ndegeyo yokha idatenga pafupifupi mphindi 90-100, kuwerengera ukonde wowuluka.
Komabe, zimenezi sizinatanthauze kuti panthaŵiyo panali ntchito imodzi yokha. Ndi kuwuluka kotereku, kunali koyenera kuchita, mwachitsanzo, kutera kuwiri pamalo osankhidwa, omwe, mwachitsanzo, imodzi pamtunda wosayalidwa, kuwuluka kumalo omenyera nkhondo omwe ali pamwamba pa malo ophunzitsira, kudutsa dontho mosamalitsa. nthawi yodziwika, ndipo nthawi zina pamakhala mikangano yofananira ndi omenyera nkhondo, yomwe Spain idayimilira ngati F / A-18 Hornet. Pamene maphunziro omwe anachitikira ku Spain ankatchedwa sitima imodzi, i.e. ndegeyo inkachitika payekhapayekha, ndegezo zinanyamuka pakapita mphindi 10 ndipo gulu lililonse limagwira ntchito zomwezo. Choncho, imfa ya gulu limodzi inakhudza mwachindunji ena omwe ankamutsatira ndi luso lawo logwira ntchito zawo. Ichi chinali chinthu chowonjezera chomwe chinakakamiza ogwira nawo ntchito ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo anabweretsa masewerawa pafupi ndi mikhalidwe ya nkhondo. Okonza maphunzirowa ali ndi chidwi ndi kutenga nawo mbali kwakukulu kwa Poland mu pulogalamuyi, zomwe zidzatilola kugwiritsa ntchito gawo lathu lalikulu ku Ulaya. Izi zidzawonjezera kusiyanasiyana kwa maphunziro.
Komanso, mu April 2018, C-130E ndi ogwira ntchito anapita ku Bulgaria, kumene anaphunzitsidwa monga gawo la European Tactical Airlift Program Course (mu nkhani iyi, ETAP-C 18-2 - panali kusintha dzina poyerekeza ndi 2017) , cholinga chake ndikugwirizanitsa njira zogwiritsira ntchito ndi njira zomwe ogwira nawo ntchito amayendetsa ndege m'mayiko ena a ku Ulaya. Maphunziro a ETAP okha amagawidwa m'magawo angapo, omwe poyamba amachokera ku maphunziro apamwamba, otsatiridwa ndi misonkhano yokonzekera masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndiyeno pa STAGE-C, i.e. njira yowulutsira mwanzeru kwa oyendetsa ndege, ndipo, pomaliza, ETAP-T, i.e. masewero olimbitsa thupi.
Kuphatikiza apo, pulogalamu ya ETAP imapereka maphunziro a aphunzitsi panthawi ya ETAP-I. Kumbali ina, pamisonkhano yapachaka (ETAP-S) njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Ulaya zimakambidwa ndipo zokumana nazo zimasinthidwa pakati pa mayiko pawokha.
Tsiku lophunzitsira lodziwika bwino lidaphatikizanso chidule cham'mawa, pomwe ntchito zidakhazikitsidwa kwa anthu ogwira ntchito payekhapayekha ndipo mkangano udapangidwa, momwe ndege zina zidatenga nawo gawo. Ntchitoyi idatenga pafupifupi maola awiri, koma nthawiyo inali yosiyana pang'ono kutengera ntchito. Kuonjezera apo, chifukwa chakuti STAGE-C ndi maphunziro a maphunziro, magawo ofotokozera pamutu wosankhidwa ankachitika tsiku lililonse kwa ola limodzi.
Julayi watha, gawo la amuna 39 ochokera ku Powidz adapita ku malo a Papa ku Hungary, komwe ntchito ya ETAP-T idachitika. Pazonse, ndege za 9 ndi mayiko asanu ndi atatu adagwira nawo ntchitozo, ndipo pakulimbana kwa milungu iwiri, ntchito zonse zinagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuphatikizapo maulendo a ndege a COMAO (Composite Air Operations) ndi kutenga nawo mbali kwa ndege zisanu ndi zitatu zoyendera.
Maulendo onse ndi kukhalapo kwa Poland m'magawo a maphunziro a ku Ulaya kumapereka chiyembekezo cha kupititsa patsogolo luso lathu m'munda wa zoyendera ndege, koma ngati anthu ali okonzeka, ophunzitsidwa ndi kupititsa patsogolo luso lawo nthawi zonse, ndiye mwatsoka gulu la anthu ogwira ntchito zoyendera okalamba. imatsalira pang'onopang'ono kumbuyo kwawo. .
Katundu ndi ntchito zachilendo
Kuphatikiza pa ntchito zanthawi zonse zothandizira, C-130E Hercules zoyendera ndege zimagwiranso ntchito zosavomerezeka. Pamene kuli kofunika kunyamula osati katundu wolemera, koma bulky katundu. Izi zitha kukhala magalimoto apadera, mabwato ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Formosa, kapena ma SUV okhala ndi zida omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maofesi athu.
Pamsonkhano wa NATO ku Poland, mlengalenga umayang'aniridwa ndi ndege ya Heron yopanda munthu, yoperekedwa mu C-130 kuchokera ku Israel. Chidebecho chinapangidwa m'njira yoti mutatha kuyiyika mu ndegeyo, malo aulere amatsala pafupifupi masentimita khumi ndi awiri okha. Uwu ndi umboni wina wa gawo lalikulu la ndegezi m'magulu ankhondo amakono, omwe amagwirizanitsa zida zawo zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito nsanja yotsimikiziridwa bwino ya C-130.
Pankhani ya maulendo ophunzitsira oyendetsa ndege a F-16 ku Albacete ku Spain, C-130s amachita ndege yonse ya gawo lomwe limatha kugwira ntchito modzilamulira pomwepo. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zonse zimatengedwa muzitsulo zapadera. Izi ndi zigawo za F-16, zogwiritsidwa ntchito zofunika, ndi zinthu zapakhomo monga osindikiza ndi mapepala. Izi zimakulolani kuti muyese kuyendetsa galimoto kumalo osadziwika ndikupitiriza kugwira ntchito mofanana ndi kunja kwa mzinda.
Ntchito ina yachilendo inali yochotsa akazembe a ku Poland ku ofesi ya kazembe ku Libya ndi Iraq. Izi zinali ndege zovuta, zoyendetsedwa mwachindunji kuchokera ku Warsaw komanso popanda kuyimitsa. Panthawiyo, njira yokhayo yoyendetsera ndege yopita ku Libya idagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi AWACS, yomwe inanena za momwe bwalo la ndege silikudziwika. Imodzi mwa ndegezo, zomwe poyamba zinakonzedwa kuti zikhale zofulumira, popanda kuzimitsa injini pambuyo pofika, zinayesedwa ndi zenizeni, zomwe zingathe kukonza zochitika zina kusiyana ndi okonza mapulani, ndipo ndegeyo inayenera kuyembekezera maola awiri.
Monga lamulo, atafika pabwalo la ndege komwe akupita, anthu ndi zida zazikulu za ambassy adatengedwa m'ngalawa ndikubwerera kudziko mwamsanga. Nthawi inali yofunika kwambiri pano, ndipo ntchito yonseyo inachitika kwa masiku atatu, ndi ndege imodzi ndi antchito awiri akuwuluka mosinthana. Kazembeyo adasamutsidwa ku Libya pa Ogasiti 1, 2014 ndi ndege ziwiri za C-130, ndipo kuwonjezera pa Poles, nzika za Slovakia ndi Lithuania zidakwera ndege.
Pambuyo pake, monga momwe zinalili ku Libya, a C-130s adapitanso kukapulumutsa ogwira ntchito ku Poland, nthawi ino akupita ku Iraq. Mu Seputembala 2014, ogwira ntchito zoyendera awiri ochokera ku Powidz adasamutsa ogwira ntchito pamalowo ndi zida zazikulu m'masiku atatu, ndikumaliza ntchito zinayi. Ma C-130 adanyamuka pa pempho lachangu la Ofesi Yachilendo ndipo ntchito yonseyo idatenga maola 64 mlengalenga.
Soketi za C-130 nthawi zina zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zinthu zosasangalatsa. Mu Novembala chaka chatha, usiku wonse, adalamula kuti apite ku Tehran kupita ku thupi la gulu lankhondo la Poland la ofesi ya kazembe wathu. Komano, pakusamutsidwa kwa Poles kuchokera ku Donbass, S-130, chifukwa cha kunyamula kwake kwakukulu, idagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula katundu wa anthu omwe adaganiza zothawira kumalo owopsa kupita ku Poland.
Pakali pano tili pamphambano, choncho zisankho zotsimikizika, zolingalira komanso zazitali zokhudzana ndi tsogolo la ndege zapakatikati pagulu lankhondo zaku Poland zikukhala zofunikira.
Ntchito ina yachilendo yochitidwa ndi S-130 ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe ali ndi mphamvu zapadera, pomwe asilikali amadumpha pamtunda pogwiritsa ntchito zida za oxygen. Hercules ndiye nsanja yokhayo m'magulu athu ankhondo omwe amalola kuti ntchitoyi ichitike.
Nthawi ndi nthawi, ma C-130 amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kunyamula akaidi, makamaka ochokera ku UK. Zikatere, akaidi omwewo ndi apolisi amakwera ndege kuti apereke chitetezo panthawi yonseyi, chifukwa akaidi sangamangidwe unyolo paulendowu. Mishoni izi ndizosangalatsa chifukwa kuterako kumachitika pamalo otchuka a Biggin Hill, komwe mpaka lero mutha kukumana ndi ndege kuyambira pomwe zidachitika.
The Hercules ankagwiritsidwanso ntchito kunyamula katundu wachilendo monga mbiri yakale ya Renault FT-17 thanki yomwe inachokera ku Afghanistan kapena Caudron CR-714 Cyclone fighter jet kuchokera ku Finland (muzochitika zonsezi izi zinali magalimoto ankhondo ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Poles).
Ndege ndi ogwira ntchito nawonso ali okonzeka kuchita ntchito yothandiza anthu mwachangu, monga zinalili mu Ogasiti 2014, pomwe akuluakulu athu, monga dziko lachitatu pambuyo pa US ndi UK, adatumiza thandizo ku Iraq makamaka ngati mabulangete, matiresi, msasa. mabedi, zinthu zothandizira ndi chakudya, zomwe zinaperekedwa ndi helikopita kumagulu a Akhristu ndi Yezidis odulidwa ndi Asilamu.
