MPANDO

Contents FounderEmblemHistory of Seat carsMafunso ndi mayankho: Seat ndi kampani yamagalimoto yochokera ku Spain yomwe ili m'gulu la Volkswagen Group. Likulu lili ku Barcelona. Ntchito yayikulu ndikupanga magalimoto onyamula anthu. Kampaniyo ili ndi umisiri waluso kwambiri ndipo imatsogozedwa ndi luso labwino popanga magalimoto. Credo ya kampaniyo ikuwonetsedwa muzithunzi zomwe zatulutsidwa ndikuwerenga "Seat auto emocion". Chidule cha mtunduwo chikuyimira Sociedad Espanola de Autotomoviles de Turismo (kwenikweni, Spanish Touring Car Society). Kampani yaying'onoyi idakhazikitsidwa ku 1950. Idapangidwa kudzera mu zopereka za oyambitsa ambiri, mwa ambiri anali National Industrial Institute, mu gawo lonse la mabanki 6 ndi kampani ya Fiat. Pazonse, ma peseta 600 zikwizikwi adayikidwa pakupanga. Galimoto yoyamba yopangidwa idapangidwa mu 1953 pansi pa mgwirizano wa chilolezo ndi Fiat, yomwe idapatsa Mpando chinsalu chotseguka panjira zake zopangira. Galimotoyo inali yotsika mtengo ndipo inali njira ya bajeti. Chifukwa cha izi, kufunikira kwawonjezeka ndipo chomera china chinatsegulidwa kuti chizitha kupanga chitsanzo choyamba. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, mtundu wina wamakono waperekedwa, womwe kufunika kwake kudakulirakulira kopitilira 15. M'zaka zotsatira, kampaniyo inagwira ntchito kuti ipange zitsanzo zatsopano za ndondomeko ya zachuma. Chifukwa cha kudalirika kwawo komanso mtengo wawo, magalimoto anali ofunikira kwambiri. Pazaka zosakwana 10, kampaniyo yagulitsa magalimoto pafupifupi 100. Uku kunali kupambana kwakukulu komanso chisonyezero chakuti si makampani onse omwe angadzitamandire zotsatira zogulitsa zoterezi. Mpando unali kale ndi malo abwino kwambiri pamsika waku Spain ndipo ukupita kumlingo wina. Kupambana koteroko kwa kampaniyo kunali kutumiza ku msika waku Colombia. Patapita nthawi, kampani anayamba kukulitsa ukatswiri wake kupanga magalimoto masewera. Ndipo mu 1961 anapereka buku loyamba la chitsanzo Sport 124. Kufunika kwa galimoto iyi kunali kwakukulu kotero kuti pasanathe chaka chimodzi magalimoto oposa 200 zikwizikwi adagulitsidwa. Seat 124 idatenga mutu wagalimoto yabwino kwambiri yaku Europe mu 1967. Chaka chino chinalinso ndi chikumbutso cholemekeza magalimoto okwana 10000000 opangidwa. Kukula mwachangu pakupanga ndi kuwonjezeranso kwa ogwira ntchito kunathandizira kampani kupanga zinthu zabwino kwambiri ndikupanga kukula pakupanga magalimoto ochulukirapo. Patapita nthawi, Baibuloli linaperekedwa m'mitundu iwiri yamakono. Ndipo mu 1972, dipatimenti ya Seat Sport idapangidwa, zomwe zidali chitukuko cha ntchito zamagalimoto zamagalimoto amtundu wapadziko lonse lapansi. Kutumiza kunja ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa magalimoto zidakulira, ndipo mzaka za 1970 adatcha Seat kukhala wachitatu padziko lonse lapansi wopanga magalimoto. Mu 1980, chochitika chinachitika ndi Fiat, popeza omalizawo anakana kuwonjezera likulu ku Seat, ndipo posakhalitsa mgwirizano unathetsedwa. Mgwirizano watsopano wa mgwirizano udasainidwa ndi Volkswagen, pomwe Mpando udakali gawo. Chochitika chosaiwalika chimenechi chinachitika mu 1982. Mpando ukupanga njira zatsopano zopangira ndikuyambitsa magalimoto angapo atsopano. Kupambana koyamba kwa Mpando wolumikizidwa ndi mnzake watsopano ndikupanga magalimoto a Volkswagen ndi Audi pakupanga kwawo. Kumeneko ndi kumene Passat yodziwika bwino inabadwira. Kampaniyo simasiya kudabwa ndi kukula kwa kupanga ndipo kale mu 1983 imapanga 5 miliyoni, ndipo patapita zaka zingapo imakondwerera 6 miliyoni yake. Chochitika ichi chinakakamiza Volkswagen kupeza theka la magawo a kampaniyo, ndipo patapita nthawi - onse 75 peresenti. Panthawi imeneyo, Mpando anali kupanga zitsanzo zatsopano zamagalimoto amasewera ndikutsegula chomera china ku Martorel, zomwe zokolola zake zinali zazikulu - kupanga magalimoto oposa 2 zikwi mu maola 24. Kutsegula kwakukulu kunayambika ndi Mfumu Carlos I mwiniwake, ndi kutenga nawo mbali kwa Purezidenti waku Spain Ferdinand Pich. Cardona Vario, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mchaka cha 1992 ku fakitale yatsopanoyi, ndi galimoto miliyoni 11 zakampaniyi. Kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kwa kampaniyo kudaloleza kukulitsa ndi kukulitsa mitundu yazopanga, popeza kampaniyo inali ndi zida zapamwamba komanso machitidwe atsopano. Kupita patsogolo kukuchitikanso pamitundu yothamanga, kulola Seat kukhala wolankhulira kawiri mu F 2 World Rally. Kampaniyo imagulitsa kunja kumsika wapadziko lonse kale m'maiko oposa 65 ndipo nthawi yomweyo imapanga magalimoto atsopano ndipo amatenga nawo mbali pamipikisano. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana latsopano, kampaniyo inapereka galimoto yake yoyamba yoyendetsa magudumu - chitsanzo cha Leon. Patapita nthawi, luso lina anapanga kuwonekera koyamba kugulu lake ndi mafuta ndalama. Mu 2002 kampaniyo idalowa nawo gulu ku Audi Brand Group. Woyambitsa Mwatsoka, palibe zambiri zokhudza omwe adayambitsa kampaniyo. Zimadziwika kuti kampaniyo idakhazikitsidwa ndi oyambitsa ambiri, pomwe malo oyamba adaperekedwa ku National Institute of Viwanda. Purezidenti woyamba wa kampaniyo ndi José Ortiz de Echague. Poyambirira, ntchito ya José inali yopanga ndege, koma posakhalitsa adakulitsa zomwe adachita pamakampani opanga magalimoto, zomwe zidathandizira kwambiri pakukula kwa Mpando. Emblem M'mbiri yonse ya kampani, chizindikirocho sichinasinthe kwambiri. Chizindikiro choyamba chinapangidwa mu 1953, patatha zaka zitatu kukhazikitsidwa kwa kampaniyo, ndikuchotsa mawu akuti "Mpando" mwawokha. Komanso, panalibe kusintha kwakukulu mpaka 1982. Chaka chino, chilembo "S" chinawonjezedwa ndi mano atatu akuthwa mu buluu, ndipo pansi pake panali zolemba zonse mu ndondomeko ya mtundu womwewo. Kuyambira 1999, maziko okha ndi zilembo zina zasintha. Ndipo chizindikirocho tsopano chinali chilembo "chodulidwa" S chofiira, zolemba zomwe zili pansi zidasinthanso mtundu kukhala wofiira. Lero, kalata S imatenga utoto wonyezimira wa siliva ndi tsamba, mawuwo amakhalabe ofiira, koma ndi mawonekedwe osinthidwa. Mbiri ya Seat Cars Fiat 1400 yoyamba idapangidwa mu 1953 kuchokera ku fakitale ya Seat. Chifukwa chotsika mtengo, galimoto yoyamba inali yofunika kwambiri. Sest 600 idachoka pamsonkhano mu 1957 ndi mtengo wodalirika komanso wokwera mtengo. Pambuyo malonda amazipanga lalikulu, mu 1964 replenishment anatuluka mu mawonekedwe a Mpando 1500 chitsanzo, ndipo patapita chaka - Mpando 850. Kampaniyo idakula mwachangu ndikukhala bwino, ndipo izi zidawonetsedwa mu 1967 ndikutulutsa mtundu wotsatira wa Fiat 128, womwe udakopa chidwi ndi maluso apamwamba, kapangidwe ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi mwachangu mpaka 200 km / h. Patapita zaka ziwiri, chitsanzo ndi injini zochepa mphamvu ndi liwiro la 155 Km / h ndi misa yaing'ono kuwonekera koyamba kugulu - anali Mpando 1430 chitsanzo. Adatchuka kwambiri Seat 124 sedan. Chitsanzochi chinali cha zitseko ziwiri, koma zitsanzo zowonjezera za 3 ndi 4 zitseko zinatulutsidwa. 1987 ndi yotchuka chifukwa cha kampani yopanga ma Ibiza ophatikizika omwe ali ndi thupi lozungulira. Proto T ya 1980 idawonetsedwa pachiwonetsero ku Frankfurt. Inali chitsanzo choyambirira cha hatchback. Mtundu wamakono wothamanga Ibiza adatulutsidwa ndi injini yamphamvu ndipo adachita nawo msonkhano. Cordoba Vario, kapena 11 miliyoni yomwe idapangidwa mu 1995, inali ndi zida zapamwamba za kampaniyo ndipo idakhala galimoto yotsika mtengo kwambiri. Galimoto yoyamba yama gudumu ya kampaniyi inali ya 1999 ya Leon. Kumangidwa pamaziko a umisiri waluso, wokhala ndi gawo lamphamvu lamphamvu, zidawoneka kukhala zosiririka. Komanso chaka chino chinali kuwonekera koyamba kugulu la chitsanzo Arosa, amene anali galimoto ndalama kwambiri mawu a mafuta. Kampaniyo inali ndi omwe anali okhoza kuchita bwino kwambiri, komanso opambana. Ibiza Kit yotukuka idatenga mphotho zitatu pazaka zingapo. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka zatsopano, mtundu wamakono wa Toledo udatuluka. Ndipo mu 2003 mtundu wa Altea, womwe unagwiritsidwa ntchito bajeti yayikulu, yomwe idakambidwa pachiwonetsero ku Geneva. Ndipo pachiwonetsero ku Paris, mtundu wabwino wa Toledo udawonetsedwa, komanso Leon Cupra wokhala ndi mphamvu yamagetsi ya dizilo yopanda tanthauzo. Galimoto yapamwamba kwambiri yamasewera inali Leon yotsogola, yoperekedwa mu 2005. Ndi injini yamphamvu kwambiri ya dizilo m'mbiri yake, kampaniyo idakhazikitsa Altea FR mu 2005. Altea LX ndi mtundu wabanja wokhala ndi chipinda chachikulu komanso magetsi. Q&A: Kodi siat imakololedwa kuti? Mitundu yamtundu wa Seat imasonkhanitsidwa pamalo opangira vuto la VAG. Imodzi mwamafakitalewa ili mdera la Barcelona (Martorell). Ndani amapanga Mpando wa Ibiza?